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Effect of sewage sludge and sugarcane bagasse biochar on soil properties and sugar beet production

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Pedosphere 2021年第4期31卷 572-582页

作者： Barbara Samartini Queiroz ALVES Katherin Prissila Sevilla ZELAYA Fernando COLEN Ledivan Almeida FRAZÃO Alfredo NAPOLI Sanjai J.parikh Luiz Arnaldo FERNANDES Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California-DavisDavis CA 95616(USA) Institute of Agrarian Sciences Federal University of Minas GeraisMontes Claros MG 39404547(Brazil) Department of performance of tropical production and processing systems(PERSYST) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement(CIRAD)Montpellier 34170(France)

Recently, biochar has shown to be an alternative to waste disposal and a source of nutrients, acting as a soil amendment. The effects of two types of biochar on soil properties and sugar beet production as well as potential for carbon(C) sequestration were evaluated: biochar produced from sewage sludge(SB) and biochar produced from a 1:1 mixture of sewage sludge and sugarcane bagasse(MB). A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted using a sandy loam soil from the Brazilian savanna under treatments of MB applications at 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0%, SB application at 5.0%, and a conventional fertilization(CF) using lime and mineral fertilizers, with no fertilization as a control. After incubation for 45 d, seedlings were transplanted into each pot and cultivated for 55 d. Biochar characterization showed that pyrolysis reduced the biomass volume drastically, but concentrated the trace elements per unit of biochar weight. The MB treatments increased soil total C(by 27.8%) and pH(by 0.6), reduced the concentrations of nutrients, except for potassium(K), and chromium(cr), and did not significantly alter lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) concentrations. Results of stable isotopes showed that all biochar treatments increased the total soil C stock and stability, suggesting a potential for application in C sequestration, and improved overall soil fertility. However, the biochar treatments also increased the concentrations of trace elements in the soil and plants. The sugar beet yields at 10.0% MB and 5.0% SB corresponded to 55%and 29% of the yield obtained in the CF treatment, respectively. These results may be due to biochar nutrients not being bioavailable when required by plants or to biochar nutrient adsorption.

关键词： carbon sequestration food safety organic wastes plant fertilizers soil fertility soil organic matter fractions stable isotopes waste management

无铬Co-Cu/SBA-15催化剂催化生物质衍生α-,β-不饱和醛加氢制醇（英文）

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催化学报 2015年第7期36卷 933-942页

作者： Sanjay Srivastava Pravakar Mohanty Jigisha K.parikh Ajay K.Dalai S.S.Amritphale Anup K.Khare DepartmentofChemicalEngineering S.V.NationalInstituteofTechnologylchchhanathSURAT-395007GujaratIndia DepartmentofChemicalEngineering IndianInstituteofTechnologyNewDelhi-l10016India SardarPatelRenewableEnergyResearchInstitute(SPRERI) VVNagarGujarat388120India CatalysisandChemicalReactionEngineeringLaboratories DepartmentofChemicalandBiologicalEngineeringUniversityofSaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanS7N5/t9Canada AdvancedMaterialandProcessesResearchInstitute(AMPRI CouncilofScientific&IndustrialResearch(CSIR)Bhopa1462054India

cr-free bi-metallic SBA-15-supported Co–Cu catalysts were examined in the conversion of biomass-derived α-, β-unsaturated aldehyde(furfural) to value-added chemical furfuryl alcohol(FOL).Co–Cu/SBA-15 catalysts with a fixed Cu loading of 10 wt% and varying Co loadings(2.5, 5, and 10 wt%) were prepared by the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, CO chemisorption, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The influence of different reaction parameters such as temperature, pressure, catalyst dosage, and furfural concentration on the catalyst performance was evaluated. Relative to catalysts supported on amorphous silica, the current SBA-15-supported Co–Cu catalysts displayed higher performance, attaining a furfural conversion of 99% and furfuryl alcohol selectivity of 80%. The catalytic reactions were conducted in a 100-mL autoclave at 170 °C and 2 MPa H2 pressure for 4 h.

关键词： SBA-15 催化剂用量不饱和醛 Cu 电感耦合等离子体质谱法 cr 糠醇高分辨透射电子显微镜

异环磷酰胺治疗晚期头颈部癌的Ⅱ期临床研究——大剂量单药治疗及异环磷酰胺-顺铂联合化疗

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癌症 1992年第3期11卷 196-199页

作者： V.R.PAI D.M.parikh A.T.MAZUMDAR R.S.RAO 黄慧强 TATA纪念医院肿瘤内科 TATA纪念医院肿瘤外科印度孟买400012

作者共收治128例病理证实的晚期和/或复发头颈癌。64例用异环磷酰胺(IFO)1.5g/m^2×5天治疗,58例可评价,其中6例cr,25例PR,总有效率53％;另外64例采用IFO1.5g/m^2和DDP10mg/m^2各5天联合化疗,54例可以评价,其中7例cr,29例PR,总有效率67... 详细信息

作者共收治128例病理证实的晚期和/或复发头颈癌。64例用异环磷酰胺(IFO)1.5g/m^2×5天治疗,58例可评价,其中6例cr,25例PR,总有效率53％;另外64例采用IFO1.5g/m^2和DDP10mg/m^2各5天联合化疗,54例可以评价,其中7例cr,29例PR,总有效率67％。每4星期重复疗程,每例病人接受3疗程化疗。所有病人均可见到不同程度恶心、呕吐、脱发和白细胞下降。

关键词：头颈肿瘤异环磷酰胺