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Is myopia a protective factor against central serous chorioretinopathy?

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第2期9卷 266-270页

作者： George J.Manayath Saurabh Arora Hardik Parikh parag k.shah Sarvesh Tiwari Venkatapathy Narendran Department of Retina and Ocular Oncology Aravind Eye Hospital

AIM： To evaluate if any association exists between central serous chorioretinopathy （CSCR） and the refractive status of the eye. METHODS： This retrospective, institutional, case control study included 499 patients, wherein 262 patients diagnosed as acute CSCR, were compared with an age and gender matched control group of 237 patients. All patients were evaluated with a detailed systemic and ocular history, objective and subjective refractions for both eyes and complete ocular examination by a retina specialist, at all visits. Optical coherence tomography confirmed the diagnosis of CSCR. ~ RESULTS： The mean age was found to be 40.7y in the study group （Group 1） compared to 38 10y in the control group （Group 2）. Most common refractive status in the study group, was emmetropia seen in 191 patients （72.9%）, followed by hypermetropia seen in 47 patients （17.9%） and astigmatism seen in 21 patients （8.0%）. Only 3 subjects （1.1%） had myopia, which was less than or equal to 1.0 D, compared to 70 subjects （29.5%） in the control group, suggesting a statistically significant lower incidence of CSCR among the myopic patients （P〈 0.0001）. With respect to the systemic factors, 26 （9.9%） patients were using systemic steroids in the study group （Group 1） compared to none in the control group （Group 2） suggesting a statistically significant association of CSCR with systemic steroid use （P〈0.05）. No other significant systemic risk factors were noted. CONCLUSION： Though CSCR is a multifactorial disease, myopia serves as a protective factor for CSCR. Thus, myopic eyes are less likely to develop CSCR. Since both retinal pigment epithelium （RPE） and choriocapillaris are postulated in the pathogenesis of CSCR, chorio-retinal thinning and atrophy seen in myopic eyes are less likely to cause CSCR.

关键词： central serous chorioretinopathy refractivestatus myopia

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Outcomes of additional posterior to ridge diode laser versus conventional laser anterior to ridge in severe stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity-a randomized control trial

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Annals of Eye Science 2017年第1期2卷 255-259页

作者： Amrutha Sindhu Narendran Siddharth parag k.shah Venkatapathy Narendran Narendran kalpana Department of Pediatric Retina&Ocular Oncology Aravind Eye Hospital&Postgraduate Institute of OphthalmologyCoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia

Background:Laser photocoagulation restricted to ablation of the avascular retina has been the conventional but not a completely effective treatment strategy in the management of threshold retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).The purpose of this study was to compare the structural outcomes of additional posterior to ridge diode laser compared to conventional diode laser to avascular retina alone in threshold stage III ***:This was a prospective,randomized study involving infants diagnosed with threshold stage III ROP in one or both the *** infants were randomized into control and study *** under the control group underwent conventional laser to avascular retina alone while infants under the study group received additional two rows of laser posterior to the ridge in the vascular *** infants were followed up at 2 weeks,1 month and up to 6 months after the laser ***:During the study period of 1 year,42 eyes of 24 infants were recruited into this study with 21 eyes in each *** mean birth weight was 1,310.48±400.92 g in the test group and 1,341.9±396.2 g in the control *** mean post conceptional age at the time of intervention was 36.43±2.79 weeks in test group and 36.29±2.55 weeks in the control *** 1-month post laser,19 eyes in the study group showed regression of neovascularization laser compared to 18 eyes in the control *** at the end of 3 and 6 months post laser,both groups had showed similar rates regression of neovascularization(19 of 21 eyes in both groups).Five eyes in the study group and six in the control group required additional laser *** eyes in the study group and one eye in the control group developed post laser vitreous ***:Posterior to ridge laser treatment for severe stage 3 ROP did not show any additional benefit compared to conventional laser.

关键词： Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) diode laser posterior to ridge laser

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Fukushima wastewater release:unanswered questions and global concerns

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 289-290页

作者： Samuel Ariyo Okaiyeto parag Prakash Sutar Arun SMujumdar Hongwei Xiao College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkela 769008India Department of Bioresource Engineering McGill UniversitySte.Anne de BellevueQuebecCanada

The decision by Japan to begin discharging the Fukushima wastewater into the ocean on August 24,2023 was followed by protests from several countries,including China,Russia,korea,Vietnam,and deep concerns from the international *** decision is related to the aftermath of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster that occurred in 2011,which destroyed the cooling system of the nuclear power plant and caused the reactor cores to *** water was used to cool down the reactors fuel rods;about 1.3 million cubic meters contaminated water with highly radioactive material was generated,which can fill more than 500 Olympic swimming pools[1].In order to reduce the levels of radioactivity,an Advanced Liquid Processing System(ALPS)was used to remove most radioactive contaminants from *** works by circulating water through a system of tanks and filters,which removes specific contaminants such as cesium and strontium,using a multi-step process that includes coagulation,flocculation,ion exchange,and absorption[1].Japan's government and some scientists have argued that the ALPS-treated water is safe for release into the *** to their claims,the discharged water poses minimal risk to human health and the ***,concerns about the long-term effects of this discharge remain in scientists′minds.

关键词： Fukushima wastewater nuclear disaster discharge radioactive contaminants

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Chatbots:a critical look into the future of the academia

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 287-288页

作者： Samuel Ariyo Okaiyeto Arun S.Mujumdar parag Prakash Sutar Wei Liu Junwen Bai Hongwei Xiao College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Bioresource Engineering McGill UniversitySte.Anne de BellevueQuebecCanada Department of Food Process Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkela 769008India School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Like every other societal domain,science faces yet another reckoning caused by a bot called ChatGPT(Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer).ChatGPT was introduced in November 2022 to produce messages that seem like they were written by humans and are *** the release of the latest version of ChatGPT called GPT-4,and other similar models such as Google Bard,Chatsonic,Collosal Chat,these chatbots combine several(about 175 billion)neural networks pre-trained on large Language Models(LLMs),allowing them to respond to user promptings just like ***-4 for example can admit its mistakes and confront false assumptions thanks to the dialogue style,which also enables it to write essays and to keep track of the context of a discussion while it is ***,users may be deceived by the human-like text structure of the AI models to believe that it came from a human origin[1].These chatbot models could be better,even though they generate text with a high level of ***,they produce inappropriate or wrong responses,resulting in faulty inferences or ethical *** article will discuss some fundamental strengths and weaknesses of this Artificial intelligence(AI)system concerning scientific research.

关键词： ChatGPT AI generative models academia ethical and moral restraints

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Mechanism of microbial spore inactivation through electromagnetic radiations:a review

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 324-334页

作者： Piyush Sharma Arun Prasath Venugopal parag Prakash Sutar Hong-wei Xiao Qi Zhang Deparment of Food Process Engineering.National Institute of Techmology Rourkela Odisha 769008India College of Engineering China Agriculural UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UTniversiny Yangzhou 225002China

Spores are the biological structures formed out of sporulation from vegetative cells in adverse *** tolerant to many extreme environment and conditions,they escape and survives critical processing steps in the food industry that poses food and health safety problems,as is evident from the increase in reports of food-bome outbreaks due to *** radiation(EM)is used for rapid decontamination and sterilization purposes in the food *** studies have reported a greater reduction in spore population upon irradiation with EM rays due to its impact on genomic material and other components of spores that destabilises overall structue and brings clonogenic death However,there is scattered literature regarding the mechanism of its inactivation and resistance against such *** review attempts to concisely evaluate the potential of electromagnetic radiations in spore inactivation and details its mechanism through a collective study of scientific results and *** also briefs about the process of sporulation,the structure of spores and the role of its components in the resistance of spores to *** studies,which demonstrated that combining various EM treatments might be an effective way for inactivation of spores,were discussed in detail.

关键词： Spore structure Electromagnetic radiations Mechanism of inactivation Damage resistance

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Safety and efficacy of intravitreal anti vascular endothelial growth factor for severe posterior retinopathy of prematurity with flat fibrovascular proliferation

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世界临床儿科杂志 2023年第4期12卷 220-229页

作者： Puja Maitra Subramaniam Prema Venkatapathy Narendran parag k.shah Pediatric Retina and Ocular Oncology Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of OphthalmologyCoimbatore 641014Tamil NaduIndia

BACkGROUND Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(IVA)injection is known to cause contraction of fibrovascular proliferation(FVP),when present in severe retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).AIM To assess the structural outcomes of IVA injection in the treatment of severe posterior ROP with significant *** It was a retrospective study in which 36 eyes of 18 preterm babies who developed>4 clock hours of FVP in zone I or posterior zone II,were treated with either intravitreal 0.625 mg bevacizumab or intravitreal 0.2 mg of *** structural outcome included resolution of plus disease and FVP without the development of tractional retinal *** outcome measure included either full retinal maturation at follow-up or development of recurrent disease requiring additional *** outcomes included progression to retinal *** The mean gestational age of the 18 preterm babies was 30 wk(range 27-36),and mean birth weight was 1319 g(range 650-1980 g).Mean post-menstrual age(PMA)at the time of primary treatment was 35.5 wk(range 31-41 wk).All eyes showed regression of plus disease and FVP.5 eyes of 3 babies showed reactivation of disease and were treated with repeat IVA(n=2 eyes)or peripheral laser photocoagulation(n=3 eyes)respectively.16 out of 36(44%)reached retinal vascular maturation at final follow up at 5 *** There was good resolution of severe posterior ROP with FVP with IVA,with retinal maturity of 44%at 5 year follow-up and a reactivation rate of 13.8%.When the IVA injection is given prior to 37 wk PMA,while disease is in phase 2,it is less likely to cause contracture of pre-existing FVP.

关键词： Retinopathy of prematurity Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection Contraction Crunch phenomenon

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Influence of preparation route and slip casting conditions on titania and barium titanate ceramics

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Particuology 2012年第3期10卷 371-383页

作者： Arvind k. Nikumbh parag V. Adhyapak Department of Chemistry University of Pune Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India

Titania （TiO2） and barium titanate （BaTiO3） were synthesized using three different dicarboxylates, which included oxalate, malate and tartarate. These powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron micrographs, BET specific surface area and particle size distribution. Their properties depended to a great extent on the nature of the precursor. The titania and barium titanate powders obtained from the tartarate precursor were found to be good for slip casting. Slips of these oxides with different solids contents were prepared at different pH values using both distilled water and ethanol as the dispersing agent and also with and without deflocculant. The theological behaviors of the suspensions were then determined, and the slip, green and sedimentation bulk densities were measured. The minimum viscosities were observed at pH 8.2 for the TiO2-water and pH 10.2 for the BaTiO3-water system.

关键词： Ceramics TiO2 BaTiO3 Chemical synthesis Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)X-ray diffraction

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Accuracy of crescent sign on ocular ultrasound in diagnosing papilledema

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World Journal of Methodology 2017年第3期7卷 108-111页

作者： Ananth Bhosale Virna M shah parag k.shah Department of Retina and Vitreous Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology Department of Neuro Ophthalmology Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology

AIM To study the usefulness of orbital ultrasonography in the diagnosis of *** Fifty patients who were referred to the neurophthalmology clinic and clinically suspected to have papilledema were selected. Thorough, clinical examination with slitlamp biomicroscopy and visual acuity assessment was done. These patients underwent ultrasonography to demonstrate the crescent sign. The patients were further evaluated with the neurologist and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) thus confirming the diagnosis of papilledema. The results of our ultrasonographic evaluation were correlated with final diagnosis after thorough clinical evaluation, imaging and the neurologist's *** Out of 50 patients diagnosed having papilledema on MRI, 46(92%) showed crescent sign on B scan ultrasonography. Headache was most common presenting complaint in 47(94%) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension was most common underlying cause of papilledema in 30(60%) ***"Crescent sign" seen on ultrasonography is a sensitive tool for diagnosis of papilledema. It is cost effective, less cumbersome and effective tool to differentiatebetween papilledema and pseudo papilledema before subjecting the patients to costly investigations like MRI. A positive crescent sign should always be followed by MRI to find out the cause of papilledema.

关键词： Papilledema Orbital ultrasound Doughnut sign Crescent sign B scan

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A novel classifier for multivariate instance using graph class signatures

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第4期14卷 79-94页

作者： Parnika PARANJAPE Meera DHABU parag DESHPANDE Department of Computer Science Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpurMaharashtra440010India

Applications like identifying different customers from their unique buying behaviours,determining ratings of a product given by users based on different sets of features,*** classification using class-specific subsets of *** of the existing state-of-the-art classifiers for multivariate data use complete feature set for classification regardless of the different class *** tree classifier can produce class-wise subsets of ***,none of these classifiers model the relationship between features which may enhance classification *** call the class-specific subsets of features and the features’interrelationships as class *** this work,we propose to map the original input space of multivariate data to the feature space characterized by connected graphs as graphs can easily model entities,their attributes,and relationships among ***,entities are modeled using graphs,where graphs occur naturally,for example,chemical ***,graphs do not occur naturally in multivariate ***,extracting class signatures from multivariate data is a challenging *** propose some feature selection heuristics to obtain class-specific prominent subgraph *** also propose two variants of class signatures based classifier namely:1)maximum matching signature(gMM),and 2)score and size of matched signatures(gSM).The effectiveness of the proposed approach on real-world and synthetic datasets has been studied and compared with other established *** results confirm the ascendancy of the proposed class signatures based classifier on most of the datasets.

关键词： multivariate instance data transformation subgraph feature selection class signatures classification

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Outcomes of transconjuctival sutureless 27-gauge vitrectomy for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2018年第1期7卷 62-66页

作者： parag k.shah Vishma Prabhu Venkatapathy Narendran Department of Pediatric Retina and Ocular Oncology Aravind Eye Hospital

AIM To report our initial experience with lens-sparing vitrectomy for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity using the 27-gauge(G) *** This retrospective case series involved nine eyes of five babies with active stage 4 ROP, who underwent 27-G lens-sparing vitrectomy. Surgery was done using 27-G valved cannulas and sclerotomies were made 1.5 mm from the limbus. Bilateral sequential vitrectomy was done in eight eyes. RESULTS At one-year follow-up, anatomical outcome was favourable in all nine(100%) eyes. High-speed cutting and smaller sclerotomies were helpful in reducing the intra and post-operative complications. CONCLUSION27-G vitrectomy is well suited for stage 4 ROP surgeries.

关键词： Vitrectomy Retinopathy of prematurity 27-gauge

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