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The super-pangenome of Populus unveils genomic facets for its adaptation and diversification in widespread forest trees

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 725-746页

作者： Tingting Shi Xinxin Zhang yukang Hou Changfu Jia Xuming Dan yulin Zhang yuanzhong Jiang Qiang Lai Jiajun Feng Jianju Feng Tao ma Jiali Wu Shuyu Liu Lei Zhang Zhiqin Long Liyang Chen Nathaniel R.Street par K.Ingvarsson Jianquan Liu Tongming yin Jing Wang Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina College of Horticulture and Forestry Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Umea Plant Science Centre Department of Plant PhysiologyUmea UniversityUmeaVasterbottenSweden Linnean Centre for Plant Biology Department of Plant BiologyUppsala BioCenterSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden The Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province and Education Department of China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Understanding the underlying mechanisms and links between genome evolution and adaptive innovations stands as a key goal in evolutionary ***,among the world’s most widely distributed and cultivated trees,exhibit extensive phenotypic diversity and environmental *** this study,we present a genus-level super-pangenome comprising 19 Populus genomes,revealing the likely pivotal role of private genes in facilitating local environmental and climate *** the integration of pangenomes with transcriptomes,methylomes,and chromatin accessibility mapping,we unveil that the evolutionary trajectories of pangenes and duplicated genes are closely linked to local genomic landscapes of regulatory and epigenetic architectures,notably CG methylation in gene-body *** comparative genomic analyses have enabled the identification of 142202 structural variants across species that intersect with a significant number of genes and contribute substantially to both phenotypic and adaptive *** have experimentally validated a∼180-bp presence/absence variant affecting the expression of the CUC2 gene,crucial for leaf serration ***,we developed a user-friendly web-based tool encompassing the multi-omics resources associated with the Populus super-pangenome(http://***).Together,the present pioneering super-pangenome resource in forest trees not only aids in the advancement of breeding efforts of this globally important tree genus but also offers valuable insights into potential avenues for comprehending tree biology.

关键词： Populus pangenomes whole-genome duplication structural variation genome evolution

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Can eastern wisdom resolve western epidemics? Traditional Chinese medicine therapies and the opioid crisis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第4期19卷 295-299页

作者： Thomas Efferth An-long Xu Roxana Damiescu Mita banerjee Norbert W.Paul David y.W.Lee Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryJohannes Gutenberg University55128 MainzGermany School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Obama Institute of Transnational American Studies Department of English and LinguisticsJohannes Gutenberg University55128 MainzGermany Institute for the History Philosophyand Ethics of MedicineJohannes Gutenberg University Medical Center55131 MainzGermany Harvard Medical School McLean HospitalBostonMA 02115USA

The widespread use of opioids to treat chronic pain led to a nation-wide crisis in the United States. Tens of thousands of deaths annually occur mainly due to respiratory depression, the most dangerous side effect of opioids. Non-opioid drugs and non-pharmacological treatments without addictive potential are urgently required. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is based on a completely different medical theory than academic Western medicine. The scientific basis of acupuncture and herbal treatments as main TCM practices has been considerably improved during the past two decades, and large metaanalyses with thousands of patients provide evidence for their efficacy. Furthermore, opinion leaders in the United States favor non-pharmacological techniques including TCM for pain management to fight the opioid crisis. We advocate TCM as therapeutic option without addictive potential and without lifethreatening side effects(e.g., respiratory depression) to treat chronic pain patients suffering from opioid misuse. The evidence suggests that:(1) opioid misuse cannot be satisfactorily managed with standard medication;(2) opinion leaders in the United States favor to consider non-opioid and nonpharmacological treatment strategies including those from TCM to treat acute and chronic pain conditions;(3) large meta-analyses provide scientific evidence for the clinical activity of acupuncture and herbal TCM remedies in the treatment of chronic pain. Future clinical trials should demonstrate the safety of TCM treatments if combined with Western medical practices to exclude negative interactions between both modalities.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Acupuncture Addiction Opioid crisis Pain

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Effectiveness and safety of early lens extraction during par plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetes retinopathy with mild cataract:a randomized clinical trial

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 528-536页

作者： Wei-Bo Feng Lei Zheng ying-Qi Li yong-Hao Li Guo-Ming Zhang Xian Wang Bing-Qian Liu Ling Jin yi-Nuo Huang yang-Fan yang Zi-Dong Chen Da-Hui ma Qing-Shan Chen Chao-Jun Qin Bing-Min Feng Zhu-Min yang Xing Huang Cheng-Jie yang Sheng-Hui Liu Ming-Xing Wu State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesZhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University Shenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004Guizhou ProvinceChina Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital Guangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early lens extraction during pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)for proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)compared to those of PPV with subsequent cataract surgery.●METHODS:This multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted in three Chinese hospitals on patients with PDR,aged>45y,with mild *** participants were randomly assigned to the combined(PPV combined with simultaneously cataract surgery,i.e.,phacovitrectomy)or subsequent(PPV with subsequent cataract surgery 6mo later)group and followed up for *** primary outcome was the change in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)from baseline to 6mo,and the secondary outcomes included complication rates and medical expenses.●RESULTS:In total,129 patients with PDR were recruited and equally randomized(66 and 63 in the combined and subsequent groups respectively).The change in BCVA in the combined group[mean,36.90 letters;95%confidence interval(CI),30.35–43.45]was significantly better(adjusted difference,16.43;95%CI,8.77–24.08;Py higher than that of the combined surgery for neovascular glaucoma(17.65%vs 3.77%,P=0.005).No significant differences were found in the photocoagulation spots,surgical time,and economic expenses between two *** the subsequent group,the duration of work incapacity(22.54±9.11d)was significantly longer(Py with mild cataract can also benefit from early lens extraction during PPV with gratifying effectiveness,safety and convenience,compared to sequential surgeries.

关键词： lens extraction pars plana vitrectomy proliferative diabetic retinopathy cataract simultaneously operations

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Microstructure and phase compositions of as-cast Mg–3.9Zn–0.6RE(Gd,y) alloy with different Gd/y ratios

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Rare Metals 2015年第3期34卷 160-163页

作者： yang yang Kui Zhang Ming-Long ma Jia-Wei yuan State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and Processing of Nonferrous Metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals

Mg-Zn-RE （Gd, y） alloys with different Gd/y atomic ratios were prepared by conventional casting, and the microstructure of the alloys was studied by multiple means. Icosahedral quasicrystal phases are observed in all alloys. The different Gd/y atomic ratios affect the micro- structures of the alloys irregularly. The alloy with more Gd has large dendritic structure and more complicated phase composition which are composed of I-phase lamellar eutectic, W-phase divorced eutectic, Mg-RE cuboid par- ticles and Mg-Zn binary phases. Other two alloys show similar microstructures and phase compositions with very thin lamellar eutectics which distribute along the inter- dendritic region, and the lamellar eutectics are formed by I-phase and Mg. The element contents of the I-phases and Mg-RE phases are partially controlled by the Gd/y atomic ratio.

关键词： Mg-Zn-RE alloy Icosahedralquasicrystalline Microstructure Atomic ratio

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古尔班通古特沙漠西南缘多枝柽柳生理特性对沙堆不同堆积阶段的响应

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生态学报 2024年第8期44卷 3457-3470页

作者：李光莹祖姆热提·于苏甫江董正武马晓东李生宇新疆师范大学生命科学学院乌鲁木齐830054 新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室乌鲁木齐830054 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐830011

多枝柽柳作为干旱荒漠区重要的防风固沙灌木,其长期与风沙作用过程中形成了柽柳灌丛沙堆,在维持区域生态环境稳定及遏制沙漠蔓延方面发挥着重要作用。以古尔班通古特沙漠西南缘地区不同发育阶段沙堆上生长的多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissi... 详细信息

多枝柽柳作为干旱荒漠区重要的防风固沙灌木,其长期与风沙作用过程中形成了柽柳灌丛沙堆,在维持区域生态环境稳定及遏制沙漠蔓延方面发挥着重要作用。以古尔班通古特沙漠西南缘地区不同发育阶段沙堆上生长的多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)为研究对象,以空间序列代替时间序列的方法模拟沙堆堆积发育过程,揭示多枝柽柳生理特征对沙堆不同堆积发育阶段的响应及适应机制。结果表明:(1)在沙堆堆积发育过程中,多枝柽柳叶片相对含水量(RWC)及自由水/束缚水(Vs/Va)均呈先上升后下降的变化,其中,在增长阶段沙堆上最高,衰退阶段沙堆上最低,水分饱和亏(WSD)则呈相反趋势;组织含水量(TWC)呈逐渐上升的变化,清晨水势(Ψ_(PD))及正午水势(Ψ_(MD))呈逐渐降低的变化。(2)在沙堆堆积发育过程中,多枝柽柳的光合有效辐射(par)、叶片温度(TL)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)以及调节性能量耗散[y_((NPQ))]日变化均呈先上升后下降的变化,衰退阶段沙堆上多枝柽柳各参数的日均值最大;各发育阶段沙堆上多枝柽柳的非调节性能量耗散[y_((NO))]日变化均呈先下降后上升的变化,实际光化学效率[y_((II))]日变化均呈“N”型,且y_((II))日均值大小依次为增长阶段沙堆(0.489)>稳定阶段沙堆(0.463)>雏形阶段沙堆(0.455)>衰退阶段沙堆(0.439)。(3)气温(TEMP)和par与叶片y_((II))均呈显著负相关,与ETR均呈显著正相关;y_((II))与ETR、y_((NO))与y_((NPQ))均呈现显著负相关;par、TEMP是影响不同堆积阶段沙堆上多枝柽柳生理特性的主要环境因子。综合分析表明,在沙堆堆积发育过程中,多枝柽柳可通过调节光合作用和水分利用之间的协同关系来响应微环境的变化,从而减少其脱水风险以实现最大程度资源利用。

关键词：多枝柽柳不同发育阶段沙堆水分生理叶绿素荧光古尔班通古特沙漠

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Redefinition of Fatty Liver Disease from NAFLD to maFLD through the Lens of Drug Development and Regulatory Science

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第2期10卷 374-382页

作者： yasser Fouad Melissa Palmer Minjun Chen Arie Regev Rajarshi banerjee Rob Myers Robert Riccio Richard Torstenson Ramy younes Puneet SArora Henrik Landgren Morten A.Karsdal martin Blake David A.Shapiro Hans-Juergen Gruss Muhammad y.Sheikh Dina Attia Steven Bollipo Alastair D.Smith Bradley Freilich Robert G.Gish Detlef Schuppan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Endemic MedicineFaculty of MedicineMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Gan-nex/Ascletis Pharma Co Ltd BeijingChina Liver Consulting LLC New YorkNYUSA Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatis-tics National Center for Toxicological ResearchUS Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonARUSA Eli Lilly and Company IndianapolisINUSA Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd OxfordUK Gilead Sciences Inc Foster CityCAUSA Syneos Health LLC MorrisvilleNCUSA Allergan marlow International BuckinghamshireUKAstraZenecaCambridgeUK Boehringer Ingel-heim International GmbHIngelheimGermany Genentech IncSouth San FranciscoCAUSA AbbVie MarlowBuck-inghamshireUK Nordic Bioscience A/S HerlevDenmark Resonance Health BurswoodWAAustralia Intercept Phar-maceuticals Inc San DiegoCAUSA Fresno Clinical Research Center FresnoCAUSA Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Beni-Suef UniversityBeni SuefEgypt Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNSWAustralia School of Medicine and Public Health University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia Kan-sas City Research Institute Kansas CityMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCAUSA Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease(maFLD)affects a third of the population and is a leading cause of liver-related *** no effective treatments exist,novel approaches to drug development are ***,outdated terminology and definitions of the disease are hampering efforts to develop new drugs and *** international consensus panel has put forth an influential proposal for the disease to be renamed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to maFLD,includ-ing a proposal for how the disease should be *** allies with the many stakeholders in maFLD care―including patients,patients’advocates,clinicians,researchers,nurse and allied health groups,regional societies,and others―we are aware of the negative consequences of the NAFLD term and *** share the sense of urgency for change and will act in new ways to achieve our *** there is much work to be done to overcome clinical inertia and reverse worrisome recent trends,the maFLD initiative provides a firm foundation to build *** provides a roadmap for moving for-ward toward more efficient care and affordable,sustainable drug and device innovation in maFLD *** hope it will bring promising new opportunities for a brighter future for maFLD care and improve care and outcomes for patients of one of the globe’s largest and costliest public health *** this viewpoint,we have revisited this initiative through the perspectives of drug development and regulatory science.

关键词： NAFLD maFLD NASH Fatty liver disease Liver Fibrosis

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加强基层服务型党组织建设的对策研究

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湖南大学学报（社会科学版） 2017年第1期31卷 130-134页

作者：马妮张荣华中国石油大学马克思主义学院山东东营266555

[摘]加强基层服务型党组织建设是落实"四个全面"战略布局的内在要求,是实现中国梦的现实需要,是践行群众路线的必然选择,是保证党长期执政的重要举措,具有重大的现实意义。本文梳理了基层服务型党组织建设的提出和发展历程,总结了基层... 详细信息

[摘]加强基层服务型党组织建设是落实"四个全面"战略布局的内在要求,是实现中国梦的现实需要,是践行群众路线的必然选择,是保证党长期执政的重要举措,具有重大的现实意义。本文梳理了基层服务型党组织建设的提出和发展历程,总结了基层服务型党组织建设在实践中面临的问题及其原因,并提出了四条对策建议。一要提高站住,深化认识,从全面建成小康社会的战略高度强化服务理念;二要严明纪律,建好队伍,按照全面从严治党的要求提高服务能力;三要开拓阵地,建好平台,以全面深化改革的决心和智慧提升服务水平;四要建章立制,做足配套,依据基层治理法治化的部署实现服务常态化、有效化。

关键词：基层服务型党组织建设基层党建基层治理

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中国形象的书写转向——从洛蒂《北京最后的日子》的异国情调说起

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法国研究 2006年第3期 18-21页

作者：马利红广东外语外贸大学

L’exotisme est à présent un concept de l’écriture transculturelle réglé par le principe du relativisme culturel dans le fond de la mondialisation. mais au cours du dernier siècle, dans Les derniers jours de Pékin, écrit par Pierre Loti, il était considéré comme synonyme de colonialisme à cause de la description dénigrante de l’image de la Chine et des Chinois. En fait, cela ne tient compte que d’une partie de la vérité dans cette oeuvre. Dans ce présent article, on tente de démontrer, en y illustrant le double exostime, que cette oeuvre se présente comme un tournant de l’écriture sur l’image de la Chine et les Chinois dans la littérature fran?aise.

关键词：《北京最后的日子》异国情调中国形象书写转向

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毛乌素沙地2种锦鸡儿属植物的光合生理特性

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森林与环境学报 2016年第1期36卷 48-53页

作者：徐婷婷毕江涛马飞宁夏大学生命科学学院宁夏银川750021 宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心宁夏银川750021

本研究比较了生长于毛乌素沙地中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿的光合特性、叶片同位素组成以及元素含量等生理生态特征,探讨2种锦鸡儿对毛乌素沙地区域环境的适应性差异。结果表明:中间锦鸡儿的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和胞... 详细信息

本研究比较了生长于毛乌素沙地中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿的光合特性、叶片同位素组成以及元素含量等生理生态特征,探讨2种锦鸡儿对毛乌素沙地区域环境的适应性差异。结果表明:中间锦鸡儿的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著高于柠条锦鸡儿,但是瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi)和叶片稳定碳同位素(δ13C)显著低于柠条锦鸡儿;柠条锦鸡儿的PSⅡ有效光化学效率(Fv'/Fm')、电子传递速率(ETR)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学淬灭系数(q P)在高光强下显著高于中间锦鸡儿;中间锦鸡儿的叶片氮含量(N%)显著高于柠条锦鸡儿,但是稳定氮同位素(δ15N)却显著低于柠条锦鸡儿。结果说明在毛乌素沙地环境下2种锦鸡儿的主要叶片性状存在明显差异,中间锦鸡儿通过较高的Gs、Tr和Ci以及较高的固氮能力维持更高的光合速率,表现出较强的适应性,而柠条锦鸡儿较高的水分利用效率及较强的光能利用能力,有助于其适应更为干旱的生存环境,在一定程度上为理解2种锦鸡儿的地理替代分布机制提供了数据支持。

关键词：中间锦鸡儿柠条锦鸡儿替代分布光合特征稳定碳氮同位素

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健脾祛湿方对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者肠道微生态系统的影响

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中国中西医结合消化杂志 2021年第6期29卷 416-420页

作者：马兴婷张慧田新疆维吾尔自治区中医医院脾胃病科乌鲁木齐830000

目的:探讨健脾祛湿方对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者肠道菌群的影响。方法:选取2016年7月—2018年8月接受治疗的腹泻型肠易激综合征患者90例,依据电脑数字表法随机分为对照组与实验组2组,每组各45例,对照组予以西医常规治疗,实验组于此基础... 详细信息

目的:探讨健脾祛湿方对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者肠道菌群的影响。方法:选取2016年7月—2018年8月接受治疗的腹泻型肠易激综合征患者90例,依据电脑数字表法随机分为对照组与实验组2组,每组各45例,对照组予以西医常规治疗,实验组于此基础上施予健脾祛湿方治疗,对比2组肠道菌群、中医症状积分、直肠黏膜受体表达以及血清脑肠肽水平。结果:治疗后,实验组乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌数均比对照组多,而酵母菌、肠杆菌及肠球菌数量则比对照组少,差异有统计学意义(Ppar2)表达是(0.60±0.09),蛋白酶激活受体4(par4)表达是(0.17±0.04),分别比对照组的(0.73±0.11)及(0.25±0.07)低,差异有统计学意义(Py(NPy)水平更高(P<0.05)。结论:健脾祛湿方有助于改善腹泻型肠易激综合征患者的肠道菌群,降低中医症状积分,并且改善直肠黏膜受体表达以及血清脑肠肽水平。

关键词：健脾祛湿方腹泻型肠易激综合征肠道菌群中医症状积分直肠黏膜受体表达血清脑肠肽

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