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Evaluation of the Knowledge of CT Scan Prescribers on Patients’ Radioprotection in Senegal

Open Journal of Biophysics 2019年第3期9卷 204-217页

作者： Serigne Moussa Badiane pape ibrahima sane Coumba Ndoffene Ndiaye Kalidou Gueye Oumar Ndoye Kuassi M. Amoussou-Guenou Mamadou Mbodji Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Abomey-Clavi Benin University Benin

Medical imaging has enabled major improvements in the medical care of the patient. However, some of these tests have the disadvantage of using ionizing radiation at low doses. Although the CT scan is a powerful diagnostic tool, it remains a highly radiant imaging modality. In addition, the risk of radiation-induced cancer associated with low X-ray doses is established by the American Phase 2 study BEIR VII, and preventive measures require a good level of knowledge on radioprotection by imaging test prescribers. In our study, we evaluated the knowledge of CT scan prescribers in Senegal regarding patient radioprotection. These prescribers consisted of physicians and surgeons without distinction of specialty. Our objective was to have the required data for optimizing CT prescriptions in compliance with the principles of radioprotection. Our work focused on a descriptive analytical study of 107 doctors who prescribed CT scan in public health institutions in Senegal. Our results revealed poor knowledge of doctors prescribing CT scan on induced radio risks, even though the majority of them stated that they took those risks into account. Our data were not isolated, they were applicable to similar studies conducted outside Senegal. In summary, our study led on the one hand to recommendations on initial and continuing training and on the other hand on organizational and regulatory considerations.

关键词： Radioprotection Risk of Radiation-Induced Cancer CT Scan Prescribers Health Institutions in Senegal

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Hierarchy of Rural Localities in the Niakhar Area (Fatick, Senegal)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第3期14卷 221-239页

作者： Alphousseyni Ndonky Mouhamadou Moustapha Mbacké Ndour ibrahima Ndiaye Richard Lalou pape Boubou Sow Engineering Sciences Training and Research Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal School of Applied Economics Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal MERIT_UMR 216/IRD Paris Descartes University Paris France

Although the study of the hierarchy of localities presents an important social and economic stake, studies focused on the hierarchy of rural localities are relatively weak, especially in Africa. It is important to highlight the hierarchy of rural areas in order to reveal poles that can support sustainable growth. Our main objective is to study the hierarchy of rural localities in the Niakhar area, using a geographic approach. The data come from the Niakhar demographic, epidemiological and environmental observatory database and the Niakhar Atlas project of the French Research Institute for Development (IRD). The net flow method, the primacy index, the median population threshold method and the measurement of the correlation between level of centrality and population size are used to analyze the data. Our study allowed us to determine the main types of centrality and to establish the hierarchy of rural localities in the Niakhar zone. It also highlighted the strong correlation between the rank of localities and the size of the population of the latter. The main contribution of our work is to have highlighted, in order, the structuring localities of the rural space of the Niakhar area, by combining several indicators of centrality.

关键词： Hierarchy Rural Localities Centrality Population Size Service Functions Attractiveness

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What are the Risks of Death in Elderly Patients after a Proximal Femur Fracture at Aristide le Dantec Hospital?

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第11期14卷 461-469页

作者： Fodé ibrahima Kourala Keita pape Alkaly Diouf Alioune Badara Dione Badara Dembélé Charles Bertin Diéme Hpital Aristide le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Proximal femur fractures are traumatic injuries involving the neck and trochanteric region of the femur. The aim was to identify risk factors for death following proximal femur fractures in elderly patients. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, observational, longitudinal study conducted over an 18-month period in the Orthopedics-Traumatology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar. We evaluated a total of 93 patients aged at least 60 years with a proximal femur fracture whose date of onset was less than 3 weeks. The identification of risk factors for death took into account socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic parameters. Results: The number of patients who died was 19 (20.43%). There was no significant difference in mortality according to age, gender or residence. There was no association between admission time and mortality. The association between the number of comorbidities and mortality was significant. The association between mortality and ASA score and type of treatment was highly significant. Operating time had no influence on mortality. Type of anesthesia, on the other hand, did influence mortality. Conclusion: Mortality due to proximal femur fractures in the elderly remains high. In our practice, this mortality was related to the presence of comorbidity, impaired cognitive function, ASA score, type of treatment and type of anesthesia.

关键词： Elderly Proximal Femur Fracture Risk of Death

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Simulation of Flood Propagation from the Niandouba Dam Outlet(Kayanga River,Senegal)to the Waïma Lake Inlet Using HEC RAS for Water Resource Management in the AnambéIrrigated Perimeters

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2021年第5期10卷 157-173页

作者： Issa Lèye Seïdou Kane MousséLanding sane Didier Maria Ndione ibrahima Ndiaye Raymond Diédhiou Soussou Sambou Hydraulic and Fluids Mechanics Laboratory(HFML) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences and TechnologyCheikh Anta Diop University(UCAD)Dakar-Fann 5005Senegal

Dams are designed for water storage intended to compensate downstream fluctuations that are stabilizing water supply and hydropower *** modelling tools and schemes allow understanding the hydraulic characteristics of the irrigation systems and mitigating uncertainty inherent to dam *** construction of the Niandouba dam at the confluence of the Kayanga and Anambérivers(Senegal)has perturbed the natural flow of the AnambéRiver to feed the Waïma Lake and irrigated *** flow gauges at the Kayanga and AnambéRivers are no longer *** this study,the HEC-RAS(Hydrological Engineering Centre River Analysis System)and the RAS Mapper is used to simulate the flow propagation of the Kayanga-Anambéhydraulic system ranging from the Niandouba dam to the entry of Waïma *** HEC-RAS modelling enables the estimating of,among other variables,water levels,depths and flow velocities for the different flow configurations and different cross-sectional *** study presents a flood mapping of the Kayanga-Anambéhydro system using the RAS Mapper and HEC-RAS hydraulic modelling *** study has exhibited the depths at the inlet of the supply channels where the pumping stations are located.

关键词： HEC-RAS RAS Mapper hydraulic models irrigation Kayanga/Anambé dams

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Pure Talocrural Dislocation without Associated Malleolar Fracture

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第1期10卷 13-20页

作者： Souleymane Diao Amadou Ndiassé Kasse Jean Claude sane Joseph Davy Diouf Abdoulaye Keita pape Matar Fall pape Alkaly Diouf Ndiaga Dieye Mouhamadou Habib Sy Hô pital Général Idrissa Pouye University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Pure talocrural dislocation is an uncommon injury of the ankle. Malleolar fracture is usually associated. We report two cases of pure talocrural dislocation, to describe its therapeutic and prognostic clinical aspects... 详细信息

关键词： Talocrural Pure Dislocation Closed Reduction

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Calibration and Validation of the SWAT Model on the Watershed of Bafing River, Main Upstream Tributary of Senegal River: Checking for the Influence of the Period of Study

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2020年第4期10卷 81-104页

作者： Moussé Landing sane Soussou Sambou Issa Leye Didier Maria Ndione Samo Diatta ibrahima Ndiaye Mamadou Lamine Badji Seïdou Kane Faculty of Sciences and Technology Department of Physics Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal UFR Science and Technology Department of Physics University of Assane Seck Ziguinchor

Management of reservoir water resources requires the knowledge of flow inputs in this reservoir. Hydrological rainfall-runoff model is used for this purpose. There are several types of hydrological model according the description of the hydrological processes: black-box models, conceptual models, deterministic physical based model. SWAT is a semi-distributed hydrological model designed for water quality and quantity. This versatile tool has been used all around the world to assess and manage water resources. The main objective of the paper is to calibrate and validate the SWAT model on the watershed of Bafing located between 10°30' and 12°30' north latitude and between 12°30' and 9°30' west longitude to assess climate change on this river flows. A DEM with a resolution of 12.5 m × 12.5 m, the daily average flows and the daily observed precipitations on the period 1979-1986 (long period) are used as inputs for the calibration, while precipitations for the period 1988-1994 are used for the validation. The sensitivity analysis was done to detect the most determining coefficients during the calibration step. It shows that 19 parameters are required. Then, the effect of the period on the parameters calibration is checked by considering first the whole period of study and then each year of the period of study. The Nash criterion was used to compare the calculated and the observed hygrog

关键词： SWAT Hydrological Modelling Senegal River Bafing Makana

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Evaluation of Podological Risk at Type 2 Diabetics Tracked at the Mark Sankale Diabetes Center in Dakar

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2020年第2期10卷 41-50页

作者： Michel Assane Ndour Demba Diedhiou Djiby Sow ibrahima Mane Diallo Aissatou Diallo Ahmed Limane Barrage ibrahima Kindy Diallo Muriel Diembou Lala Bouna Seck pape Adama Dieng Maimouna Ndour Mbaye Anna Sarr Department of Internal Medicine Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Neurology Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The diabetic foot is a real public health problem due to its economic and functional impact with a high risk of amputations. The objective was to determine the podiatric risk of type 2 diabetics according to the classification of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) in order to put in place suitable prevention measures. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted over 12 months from May 01, 2018 to May 01, 2019 and concerning subjects with type 2 diabetes regularly followed up at the Marc Sankale Center at Abass Ndao Hospital in Dakar. Results: Two hundred (200) patients were collected with an average age of 58.9 ± 10 years, a sex ratio of 0.43. The majority of our patients had diabetes less than 5 years of age (52%) and were on non-insulin medication (63%). The average HbA1c level was 8.1%. Besides diabetes, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia were the most common cardiovascular risk factors in 65% and 25%, respectively. The main podiatric risk factors were: neuropathy (75.5%), arteriopathy (31.5%), deformities (19.5%), history of ulceration (24%) and amputation (2%). Factors associated with the risk of ulceration were: walking barefoot (42%), wearing tight shoes (26.5%), wearing unsuitable socks (46%), gait disturbance (39%), traumatic pedicure (3.5%). The podiatric risk assessment according to the IWGDF grading had identified a podiatric risk foot in 80% of the cases. Depending on the grade of injury, it was a grade 0 (20%), grade 1 (32%), grade 2 (34%) and grade 3 (14%) risky foot. A significant correlation was established between the onset of diabetic foot and age (p p p Conclusion: Podiatric assessment remains an essential point in the fight against complications of diabetes. This study demonstrates the high risk of developing diabetic foot, hence the importance of good grade planning to reduce the impact.

关键词： Diabetic Foot Podiatric Risk Prevention Marc Sankale Center

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Effect of Casuarina Crushed Nodules, Rhizospheric Soil and Leaves Compost on Salt Tolerance of Casuarina equisetifoliaL. and Casuarina obesaMiq.

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第9期10卷 359-373页

作者： Marie Claver Ndébane Ngom pape ibrahima Djighaly Nathalie Diagne Maty Ndour Ganna Ndong Daouda Ngom Mariama Ngom Saliou Ngom Sergio Svistoonoff Centre National de Recherches Agronomiques (ISRA/CNRA) Bambey Sénégal Département d’Agroforesterie Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Sénégal Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie LCM: (IRD/ISRA/UCAD) Centre de Recherche de Bel Air Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE) Centre de Recherche de Bel Air Dakar Sénégal Département de Biologie Végétale Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Centre pour le Développement de l’Horticulture (ISRA/CDH) Cambérène Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM) Université de Montpellier CIRAD INRAE IRD Institut Agro Campus International De Baillarguet Montpellier France

Soil salinization is one of the major causes of land degradation. In Senegal, this phenomenon continues to grow, making soils unsuitable for agriculture. To rehabilitate salty lands, one of the recommended strategies is the use of salt-tolerant plants. Among them, plants of Casuarinaceae family form a relationship with symbiotic microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen fixing bacteria. It has been shown that symbiotic microorganisms play an important role in the establishment of tolerant plants in saline conditions (Djighaly et al., 2018). They improve plant performance and reduce transplant shock under salt stress conditions (Diagne et al., 2014). These microorganisms can be used as biofertilizers. However, inocula containing symbiotic microorganisms are either too expensive or unavailable in many developing countries. The aim of this study is to test alternatively affordable and low-tech solutions to promote symbiotic interactions such as Casuarina crushed nodule, Casuarina rhizosphere soil and Casuarina leaves compost that may contain symbiotic microorganisms and also nutrients such as N and phosphorus. Two species of Casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia L. and Casuarina obesa Miq.) were grown in the greenhouse on sterile soil to which an amendment was added (Casuarina crushed nodules, Casuarina Rhizospheric soil or Casuarina leaves compost). Plants were subjected to saline stress. After four months of cult

关键词： Frugal Innovation Rehabilitation of Salty Lands Casuarina Compost Crushed Nodules Rhizospheric Soil

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Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improves seedlings growth of two sahelian date palm cultivars (Phoenix dactyliferaL., cv. Nakhla hamra and cv. Tijib) under salinity stresses

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第1期5卷 64-72页

作者： ibrahima Léopold Djitiningo Diatta Aboubacry Kane Codjo Emile Agbangba Maurice Sagna Diegane Diouf Frédérique Aberlenc-Bertossi Yves Duval Alain Borgel Djibril sane IRD Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Montpellier France Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales Département de Biologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Un-iversité Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales Département de Biologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Un-iversité Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD Route des Hydrocarbures Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire d’Ecologie et d’Ecohydrologie Département de Bi-ologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

This study presents an analysis of the impact of mycorrhizal inoculation on growth under salt stress of date palms cultivars Nakhla hamra (NHH) and Tijib known in the Sahel for their earliness in flowering and fruiting. The seedlings were grown in a greenhouse on a sandy substrate watered to field capacity every two days and were subjected to increasing levels of NaCl (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 16 g·L-1) and then inoculated with 5 strains of Glomus (G. aggregatum, G. intraradices, G. verriculosum, G. mosseae, G. fasciculatum). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three factors (cultivars: Tijib and Nakhla Hamra x seven levels of NaCl concentrations x six levels of inoculum). The results showed that in the absence of NaCl, G. verriculosum significantly enhanced shoot growth: 33.5 cm against 30.3 cm in the control and roots growth: 81.5 cm against 78 cm in NHH, while in Tijib, the growth is stimulated by Glomus fasciculatum: 33.8 cm against 32.7 cm for stems and 90 cm against 86 cm for the roots of inoculated plants and controls. In contrast, in the presence of NaCl 8 g·L-1, NHH has a better growth in the presence of G. intraradices: 37.3 cm against 30.6 cm for stems and 77 cm against 73 for roots, while Tijib grows better in the presence of G. fasciculatum with respectively 31.9 cm against 31.7 cm and 51.27 cm against 51.6 cm for stems and roots of inoculated plants and controls. Biochemical analysis revealed that changes in levels of proline depend on the cultivar, the mycorrhizal strain used and concentrations of NaCl applied. These results open the prospect of using mycorrhizal fungi to improve the productivity of palm trees in the Sahel.

关键词： Sahel Date Palm Salinity Inoculation Mycorrhizae Glomus Proline

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Change in Climate Indices Using Bias-Adjusted CMIP5 Models: The Case Study of the Fatick Region, Senegal

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 307-330页

作者： ibrahima Camara Quentin Lejeune Dimitri Defrance Mame Diarra Bousso Dieng Issa Sakho Youssouph sane Mélinda Noblet Moussa Diakhaté Benjamen Sultan Saidou Moustapha Sall Sérigne Faye Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’océan Ecoloe Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Climate Analytics Berlin Germany The Climate Data Factory Paris France Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU) Karlsruhe Germany Université Amadou Mahtar Mbow (UAM) Dakar Sénégal Agence Nationale de l’Aviation Civile et de la Météorologie (ANACIM) Dakar Sénégal Département de Géologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

This study analyses change in rainfall and temperature indices by 2035 and 2050 in Senegal, with a focus on the Fatick region. These parameters are crucial for understanding the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on some vital socio-economic sectors such as agriculture and water resources in this region. To this end, a multi model ensemble mean of 21 bias-adjusted global climate models participating in CMIP5 has been used. We considered two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate an increase of 0.7˚C for maximum and minimum temperature by 2035 compared to the reference period (1976 - 2005). By 2050, an increase of 1.4˚C (2˚C) is projected for RCP4.5 (RCP8.5). These increases in temperature are statistically significant at the 90% confidence level. Conversely, the mean rainy season length decreases from 95 to 85 days by 2035 and less than 80 days by 2050. These decreases in rainy season length are mainly due to a delayed rainy season onset by 2035 and 2050, with the ensemble mean projecting an onset in the second half of July by 2050 instead of around the middle of June. The changes in both the onset and the length of the rainy season are significant at the 90% confidence level. Our results show a slight decrease in seasonal cumulated total rainfall by 2035 and 2050. However, we note a slight increase in seasonal cumulated extreme rainfall. These future changes in climate indices could induce yield reduction and water resources availability. To reduce yield losses, it would be interesting to adopt longer season varieties and also diversify income-generating activities. Concerning water resources, many actions could be done such as carrying out water retention works, treatment and reuse of non-conforming water for agriculture and livestock to reduce pressure on the resource.

关键词： Climate Indices CMIP5 Fatick (Senegal) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5

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