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Stereovision system for estimating tractors and agricultural machines transit area under orchards canopy

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 1-5页

作者： Corrado Costa paolo Febbi Federico Pallottino Massimo Cecchini Simone Figorilli Francesca Antonucci paolo menesatti Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria(CREA) Centro di ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni AgroalimentariVia della Pascolare 1600015 Monterotondo scaloRomeItaly Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science Tuscia UniversityVia S.Camillo de Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly

Managing orchards requires delicate agricultural operations being typically carried out in narrow zones where the operators usually drive machineries under stress that could result in poor *** such conditions,the use of technology would help manage the machines to reduce the hazardous work and eventual damage to the *** safely drive a tractor,the driver needs to be aware of its surroundings,thus a stereovision system can provide helpful *** imaging has proven to be an effective three-dimensional vision ***,the range(or third coordinate)information is useful to detect the obstacle *** distances,when detected during agricultural operations,could be used to assist the operator in driving the tractor at regular or variable working speeds and eventually to provide manufacturers useful indications to model the form of ROPS(roll over protection structure).This study aimed to verify the closeness of agreement between manual and stereo-image measurements,and thus to provide helpful information regarding safety and working *** system used a custom low-cost dual web-camera in combination with an image analysis algorithm in order to automatically extract the information *** independent measurements were carried out using a metric tape(sensitivity 1 cm).A regular structure was used for the analysis:four rows of ten trees each *** red and blue paper markers were placed on the hazelnut trees(two per tree)of two couples of rows for enhanced *** each couple of trees(one on the right,the other on the left),the four markers formed a trapezoid that was *** results of the analysis demonstrated that the stereo vision provided distance measurements with reasonable accuracy(error<5%)in the range of distances lower than 20 *** resolution assessed for the developed video system is suitable for obtaining distance information in real *** information could be used to assist drivers t

关键词： stereovision precision agriculture digital agriculture hazelnut canopy ROPS orchards

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Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI Paloma LEON Corrado COSTA paolo menesatti Rafael ESPEJO Clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of Soil Biogeochemistry and Soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

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