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Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma:A review and a point of view

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 15943-15954页

作者： Gianni Testino Silvia Leone paolo Borro Centro Alcologico Regionale-Regione Liguria Alcoholic UnitDepartment of General Internal and Specialist MedicineIRCCS AOU San Martino-National Institute for Cancer Research-IST Department of Internal Medicine Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology UnitUniversity of Genoa

It is well recognized that one cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is alcohol *** in Italy and the United States concludes that the most common cause of HCC(responsible for 32%to 45%of HCC)is *** has recently been shown that a significant relationship between alcohol intake,metabolic changes,and hepatitis virus infection does *** may be a factor in the development of HCC via direct(genotoxic)and indirect mechanisms(cirrhosis).There is only one way of diagnosing HCC,which is early identification through surveillance,when curative treatments become *** stopping alcohol intake the risk of liver cancer decreases by 6%to 7%a year,and an estimated time period of 23 years is also ***,surveillance is also important in former drinkers and,in our opinion,independently from the presence of compensated *** cases of very early stage(VES)and early stage with portal hypertension,liver transplantation is the optimal option;and in cases of associated disease,percutaneous ethanol injections,radiofrequency and microwave ablation are the ideal *** the possibility of detecting microvascular invasion with HR,several studies and some randomized controlled trials revealed that overall survival and DSF rates in patients with VES HCC are much the same after ablation and ***,ablation can be regarded as a firstline choice for patients with VES *** is important to emphasize that the choice of treatment should be weighed carefully in the context of a multidisciplinary cancer team.

关键词： Alcohol Alcoholic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Percutaneous ablation

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Kriging metamodels for the dynamic response of high-rise buildings with outrigger systems and fragility estimates for seismic and wind loads

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2022年第1期1卷 110-122页

作者： Lili Xing paolo Gardoni Ying Zhou State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Deptarment of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois3118 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory205N.Mathews Ave.UrbanaIL 61801United States

This paper proposes kriging metamodels for the dynamic response of high-rise buildings with outrigger systems subject to seismic and wind *** types of outrigger systems are ***-dimensional(3D)finite element models of high-rise buildings with outrigger systems are developed using *** generated from the finite element models are used to develop the proposed kriging metamodels.A sensitivity analysis is then carried out to determine the most sensitive input parameters in kriging metamodels to gain insights and suggest possible future *** proposed kriging metamodels are used to develop fragility estimates for high-rise buildings with three types of outrigger systems under seismic and wind loads.

关键词： Kriging metamodel Sensitivity analysis Fragility estimate Outrigger systems Seismic and wind loads

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Irritable bowel syndrome and food interaction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8837-8845页

作者： Rosario Cuomo paolo reozzi Francesco paolo Zito Valentina Passananti Giovanni De Carlo Giovanni Sarnelli Department Of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico Ⅱ University Hospital School of Medicine

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in Western countries. Despite the high prevalence of this disorders, the therapeutic management of these patients is often unsatisfactory. A number of factors have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBS, including impaired motility and sensitivity, increased permeability, changes in the gut microbiome and alterations in the brain-gut axis. Also food seems to play a critical role: the most of IBS patients report the onset or the exacerbation of their symptoms after the meals. Recently, an increasing attention has been paid to the role of food in IBS. In this review we summarize the most recent evidences about the role of diet on IBS symptoms. A diet restricted in fermentable, poorly absorbed carbohydrates and sugar alcohols has beneficial effects on IBS symptoms. More studies are needed to improve our knowledge about the relationship between food and IBS. However, in the foreseeable future, dietary strategies will represent one of the key tools in the therapeutic management of patients with IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Fermentable,poorly absorbed carbohydrates and sugar alcohols Gut microbiota Food intolerance Gluten

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Correlating rodent community structure with ecological integrity, Tussen-die-Riviere Nature Reserve, Free State province, South Africa

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第4期2卷 212-219页

作者： Nico L.AVENANT paolo CAVALLINI Department of Mammalogy National Museumand Centre for Environmental ManagementUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Faunalia Consulenze Pontedera PI 56025Italy

Rodents form a vital component of Free State ecosystems and monitoring them may be a relatively quick andinexpensive method of indicating healthy or unhealthy ecosystem functioning. Using removal trapping, we havestudied rodent seasonal abundance, species richness, Shannon diversity, and evenness of rodents in four habitats inthe Tussen-die-Riviere Nature Reserve, inspected the most successful sampling method for these habitats, andreport on their community structure and how it is related to an Ecological Index (≈ EI value of grassland). Bothspecies richness and Shannon diversity increased significantly with EI value. The indicator species Mastomyscoucha occurred at all plots, but contributed the largest proportion of the total captures (ca. 80%) at the plot withlowest EI value. Other results important for small mammal monitoring and collecting are that trap success andspecies richness was highest in autumn. This study also confirms that four days and nights continuous trapping isessential for the effective sampling of rodent communities in Free State grasslands. Our results partially supportexpectations that the number of specialist species increases with succession, M. coucha dominance acts as anindicator of habitat disturbance, rodent species richness conforms to Tilman’s hump-shaped curve model, and addsto a baseline of diversity indices in a variety of grassland habitats.

关键词： community structure diversity ecological integrity rodents species richness

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Cystic tumors of the liver:A practical approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第23期14卷 3616-3620页

作者： paolo Del Poggio Marco Buonocore Hepatology Unit Treviglio HospitalTreviglio(Bg) 24047Italy

Biliary cyst tumors(cystadenoma and cystadeno-carcinoma) are an indication for liver resection. They account for only 5% of all solitary cystic lesions of the liver,but differential diagnosis with multiloculated or complicated biliary cysts,atypical hemangiomas,hamartomas and lymphangiomas may be difficult. The most frequent challenge is to differentiate biliary cyst tumors from hemorrhagic cysts. Computerized tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) are often not diagnostic and in these cases fine needle aspiration(FNA) is used to confirm the presence of atypical biliary cells. FNA,however,lacks adequate sensitivity and specificity and should always be used in conjunction with imaging. Pre-operative differentiation of cystadenoma from cystadenocarcinoma is impossible and surgery must be performed if a biliary cyst tumor is suspected. When multiple cystic lesions are observed throughout the liver parenchyma,it is important to exclude liver metastasis,of which colonic cancer is the most common primary site. Multiple biliary hamartomas(von Meyenburg complex) can appear as a mixture of solid and cystic lesions and can be confused with cystic metastasis. Strong and uniform T2 hyperintensity on MRI is usually diagnostic,but occasionally a percutaneous biopsy may be required.

关键词： Biliary cyst tumor Liver cystic neoplasia Cystadenoma Cystadenocarcinoma Atypical hepatic cysts

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Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1080-1101页

作者： Diana Luise Federico Correa Claudio Stefanelli Aude Simongiovanni Tristan Chalvon-Demersay Maddalena Zini Luciano Fusco paolo Bosi paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of Bologna40127 BolognaItaly Department for Life Quality Studies Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna47921 RiminiItaly Metex Noovistago 32 Rue Guersant75017 ParisFrance Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna40126 BolognaItaly Freelancer Reggio nell’EmiliaItaly.

Background Branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs),including L-leucine(L-Leu),L-isoleucine(L-Ile),L-valine(L-Val),and L-arginine(L-Arg),play a crucial role in mammary gland development,secretion of milk and regulation of the catabolic state and immune response of lactating ***,it has recently been suggested that free amino acids(AAs)can also act as microbial *** study aimed at evaluating whether the supplementation of lactating sows with BCAAs(9,4.5 and 9 g/d/sow of L-Val,L-Ile and L-Leu,respectively)and/or L-Arg(22.5 g/d/sow),above the estimated nutritional requirement,could influence the physiological and immunological parameters,microbial profile,colostrum and milk composition and performance of sows and their *** At d 41,piglets born from the sows supplemented with the AAs were heavier(P=0.03).The BCAAs increased glucose and prolactin(P<0.05)in the sows’serum at d 27,tended to increase immunoglobulin A(IgA)and IgM in the colostrum(P=0.06),increased the IgA(P=0.004)in the milk at d 20 and tended to increase lymphocyte%in the sows’blood at d 27(P=0.07).Furthermore,the BCAAs tended to reduce the Chao1 and Shannon microbial indices(P<0.10)in the sows’*** BCAA group was discriminated by Prevotellaceae_UCG-004,Erysipelatoclostridiaceae UCG-004,the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and *** reduced piglet mortality pre-(d 7,d 14)and post-weaning(d 41)(P<0.05).Furthermore,Arg increased the IgM in the sow serum at d 10(P=0.05),glucose and prolactin(P<0.05)in the sow serum at d 27 and the monocyte percentage in the piglet blood at d 27(P=0.025)and their jejunal expression of NFKB2(P=0.035)while it reduced the expression of GPX-2(P=0.024).The faecal microbiota of the sows in Arg group was discriminated by *** combination of BCAAs and Arg tended to increase spermine at d 27(P=0.099),tended to increase the Igs(IgA and IgG,P<0.10)at d 20 in the milk,favoured the faecal colonisation of Oscillospiraceae UCG

关键词： Microbiota Post-weaning mortality Prolactin Sows diet

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Development of AI-and Cu-based nanocomposites reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets： Fabrication and characterization

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第2期11卷 171-181页

作者： Abdollah SABOORI Matteo PAVESE Claudio BADINI paolo FINO Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico Di Torino Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy

Aluminum and copper matrix nanocomposites reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets （GNPs） were successfully fabricated by a wet mixing method followed by conventional powder metallurgy. The uniform dispersion of GNPs within the metal matrices showed that the wet mixing method has a great potential to be used as a mixing technique. However, by increasing the GNPs content, GNPs agglomeration was more visible. DSC and XRD of AI/GNPs nanocomposites showed that no new phase formed below the melting point of AI. Microstructural observations in both nanocomposites reveal the evident grain refinement effect as a consequence of GNPs addition. The interfacial bonding evaluation shows a poor interfacial bonding between GNPs and AI, while the interfacial bonding between Cu and GNPs is strong enough to improve the properties of the Cu/GNPs nanocomposites. In both composites, the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases as a function of GNPs while, their hardness is improved by increasing the GNPs content as well as their elastic modulus.

关键词： nanocomposite aluminum copper graphene microstructure thermal expansion

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Gastrointestinal stromal tumors:Thirty years experience of an Institution

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第14期17卷 1836-1839页

作者： Simone Arolfo paolo Mello Teggia Mario Nano Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences San Luigi Gonzaga Teaching HospitalUniversity of Turin-Second School of MedicineReg. Gonzole 1010043 OrbassanoTurinItaly

AIM:To report our experience of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) during the last 29 years. METHODS:Thirty two cases of GIST referred to our Institution from the 1st January 1981 to the 10th June 2010 were reviewed. Metastases,recurrence and survival data were collected in relation to age,history,clinical presentation,location,size,resection margins and cellular features. RESULTS:Mean age was 63.7 years (range,40-90) and incidence was slightly higher in males (56%). R0 resection was performed in 90.7% of cases,R1 in 6.2% (2 cases) and R2 in 3.1% (one case). Using Fletcher's classification 8/32 (25%) had high risk,9/32 (28%) intermediate and 15/32 (47%) low risk tumors. Follow-up varied from 1 mo to 29 years,with a median of 8 years; overall survival was 75% (24/32),disease-free survival was 72% and tumor-related mortality was 9.3%. Three patients with high risk GIST were treated with imatinib mesylate:one developed a recurrence after 36 mo,and 2 are free from disease at 41 mo. CONCLUSION:Surgical treatment remains the gold standard therapy for resectable GISTs. Pathological and biological features of the neoplasm represent the most important factors predicting the prognosis.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Fletcher’s classification Resection margins Recurrence

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Occupational exposure to vinyl chloride and liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第33期25卷 4885-4891页

作者： Ugo Fedeli paolo Girardi Giuseppe Mastrangelo Epidemiological Department Azienda ZeroPadova 35131Italy Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadova 35128Italy

Portal hypertension,liver fibrosis,and angiosarcoma of the liver(ASL)have been reported among workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer(VCM)since the *** 2007,the International Agency for Research on Cancer established the association of VCM with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),though only on the basis of the few cases ***,recent reports from the United States cohort and a European sub-cohort of vinyl chloride workers provided compelling evidence of a strong association between cumulative VCM exposure and HCC *** areas of research include the risk of liver cancer at lower levels of exposure and different patterns of risk of ASL and HCC with the time since *** evidence of interaction between VCM exposure and other known liver carcinogens such as alcohol and chronic viral infection provides clues for the health surveillance of exposed ***,also the risk of VCM-associated chronic liver disease is modulated by alcohol consumption,viral infection,and genetic polymorphism.A counter-intuitive finding from cohort studies of exposed workers is the lower mortality from liver cirrhosis with respect to the general population;this can be attributed to the healthy worker effect and to the selection of liver cancer as the cause of death in the presence of concomitant chronic liver *** designed to overcome these intricacies confirmed an association between cumulative VCM exposure and the risk of liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Vinyl chloride Occupational exposure Epidemiology Liver cancer Angiosarcoma Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cirrhosis

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The effects of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides on the gastric transcriptome profile of 2-or 3-week-old cesarean delivered piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 196-207页

作者： paolo Trevisi Davide Priori Vincenzo Motta Diana Luise Alfons J.M.Jansman Sietse-Jan Koopmans paolo Bosi DISTAL University of Bologna Viale Fanin 46 40127 Bologna Italy Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands

Background： The stomach is an underestimated key interface between the ingesta and the digestive system, affecting the digestion and playing an important role in several endocrine functions. The quality of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides may affect porcine gastric maturation. Two trials（T1, T2） were carried out on 12 and 24 cesarean-delivered piglets（birth, d0）, divided over two microbiota treatments, but slaughtered and sampled at two or three weeks of age, respectively. All piglets were fed orally： sow serum（T1） or pasteurized sow colostrum（T2） on d0; simple starter microbiota（Lactobacillus amylovorus, Clostridium glycolicum and Parabacteroides spp.）（d1-d3）; complex microbiota inoculum（sow diluted feces, CA） or a placebo（simple association, SA）（d3-d4） and milk replacer ad libitum（d0-d4）. The The T1 piglets and half of the T2 piglets were then fed a moist diet（CTRL）; the remaining half of the T2 piglets were fed the CTRL diet fortified with medium chain triglycerides and 7% coconut oil（MCT）. Total m RNA from the oxyntic mucosa was analyzed using Affymetrix？Porcine Gene array strips. Exploratory functional analysis of the resulting values was carried out using Gene Set Enrichment ***： Complex microbiota upregulated 11 gene sets in piglets of each age group vs. SA. Of these sets, 6 were upregulated at both ages, including the set of gene markers of oxyntic mucosa. In comparison with the piglets receiving SA, the CA enriched the genes in the sets related to interferon response when the CTRL diet was given while the same sets were impoverished by CA with the MCT ***： Early colonization with a complex starter microbiota promoted the functional maturation of the oxyntic mucosa in an age-dependent manner. The dietary fatty acid source may have affected the recruitment and the maturation of the immune cells, particularly when the piglets were early associated with a simplified starter microbiota.

关键词： Development Microbiota Pig Stomach Transcriptome

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