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On predicting and improving the quality of Volunteer Geographic Information projects

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 134-155页

作者： Gloria Bordogna paola Carrara Laura Criscuolo Monica Pepe Anna Rampini CNR IREANational Research Council of ItalyInstitute for Environmental Remote SensingMilanoItaly

Initiatives that rely upon the contributions of volunteers to reach a specific goal are growing more and more with the success of Web 2.0–interactive *** scientific projects are testing and exploiting volunteers’collaboration,but the quality of information obtained with this approach is often *** paper offers a rich overview of many scientific projects where geographic contributions are committed to volunteers,to the aim of defining strategies to improve information *** describing real examples of Volunteer Geographic Information(VGI),the contribution establishes a categorization based on the characteristics of the information,tasks,and scopes of the *** a discussion on the relationships of categories and VGI quality,the paper analyses techniques to improve the quality of volunteered information according to the moment of its assessment(i.e.,ex ante,ex post,or both with respect to information creation).The paper outlines the main limitations of the different approaches and indicates some guidelines for future developments.

关键词： Volunteered Geographic Information Citizen science information quality quality improvement

Climate change projections for the Middle EasteNorth Africa domain with COsMO-CLM at different spatial resolutions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第1期9卷 66-80页

作者： Edoardo BUCCHIGNANI paola MERCOGLIANO Hans-Ju¨rgen PANITZ Myriam MONTEsARCHIO Euro Mediterranean Center on Climate Change(CMCC) Capua CE 81043Italy Italian Aerospace Research Center(CIRA) Capua CE 81043Italy Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Department Troposphere Research(IMK-TRO) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe 76131Germany

In this study,projected changes in the future climate conditions for the Middle EasteNorth Africa domain over the 21st century have been *** simulations with the COsMO-CLM model have been conducted respectively,at a spatial resolution of 0.44 and 0.22,over the period 1979e2100,employing the IPCC RCP4.5 *** and boundary conditions have been derived by the global model *** main aim of the work is to provide regional climate projections for this area,widening the range of the data already available,yet with higher resolution,useful for many applications,especially as an input for the impact *** two different resolutions have been employed in order to quantify the differences due to the spatial scale effects,comparing the results also with the driving global *** projections show a significant warming expected over the whole area considered at the end of the 21st century,along with a reduction in precipitation,which is particularly evident over the western part of the *** projections depend on the horizontal resolution,suggesting the need for additional simulations at higher resolution,especially for a proper representation of extreme weather events.

关键词： COsMO-CLM Middle EasteNorth IPCC RCP4.5

A Clustering Algorithm for Planning the Integration Process of a Large Number of Conceptual schemas

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2015年第1期30卷 214-224页

作者： Carlo Batini: paola Bonizzoni Marco Comerio Riccardo Dondi Yuri Pirola Prancesco salandra Department of Informatics Systems and Communication University of Milano-Bicocca Milan 20126 Italy Department of Human and social sciences University of Bergamo Bergamo 24129 Italy

When tens and even hundreds of schemas are involved in the integration process, criteria are needed for choosing clusters of schemas to be integrated, so as to deal with the integration problem through an efficient iterative process. schemas in clusters should be chosen according to cohesion and coupling criteria that are based on similarities and dissimilarities among schemas. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for a novel variant of the correlation clustering approach that addresses the problem of assisting a designer in integrating a large number of conceptual schemas. The novel variant introduces upper and lower bounds to the number of schemas in each cluster, in order to avoid too complex and too simple integration contexts respectively. We give a heuristic for solving the problem, being an NP hard combinatorial problem. An experimental activity demonstrates an appreciable increment in the effectiveness of the schema integration process when clusters are computed by means of the proposed algorithm w.r.t, the ones manually defined by an expert.

关键词： conceptual schema schema integration clustering

The translational revolution in atopic dermatitis:the paradigm shift from pathogenesis to treatment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第5期20卷 448-474页

作者： paola Facheris Jane Jeffery Ester Del Duca Emma Guttman-Yassky Laboratory of Inflammatory skin Diseases Department of DermatologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Department of DermatologyRozzanoMilanoItaly Duke University school of Medicine DurhamNCUSA Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.

Atopic dermatitis(AD)is the most common inflammatory skin disease,and it is considered a complex and heterogeneous *** phenotypes of AD,defined according to the patient age at onset,race,and ethnic background;disease duration;and other disease characteristics,have been recently described,underlying the need for a personalized treatment *** advancements in understanding AD pathogenesis resulted in a real translational revolution and led to the exponential expansion of the therapeutic *** study of biomarkers in clinical studies of emerging treatments is helping clarify the role of each cytokine and immune pathway in AD and will allow addressing the unique immune fingerprints of each AD *** medicine will be the ultimate goal of this targeted translational *** this review,we discuss the changes in the concepts of both the pathogenesis of and treatment approach to AD,highlight the scientific rationale behind each targeted treatment and report the most recent clinical efficacy data.

关键词： Atopic dermatitis translational revolution biomarkers eczema

L-2 and IL-15 dependent thymic development of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T lymphocytes

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Protein & Cell 2018年第4期9卷 322-332页

作者： Cecile Apert paola Romagnoli Joost P, M. van Meerwijk CPTP Universite de Toulouse CNRS Inserm UPS Toulouse France

Immunosuppressive regulatory T lymphocytes （Treg） expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 play a vital role in the maintenance of tolerance of the immune-system to self and innocuous non-self. Most Treg that are critical for the maintenance of tolerance to self, develop as an independent T-cell lineage from common T cell precursors in the thymus. In this organ, their differentiation requires signals from the T cell receptor for antigen, from co-stimulatory molecules, as well as from cytokine-receptors. Here we focus on the cytokines implicated in thymic development of Treg, with a particular emphasis on the roles of interleukin-2 （IL-2） and IL-15. The more recently appreciated involvement of TGF-β in thymic Treg development is also briefly discussed. Finally, we discuss how cytokine-dependence of Treg development allows for temporal, quantitative, and potentially qualitative modulation of this process.

关键词： regulatory T cells thymus differentiation,IL-2 IL-15

Tumor-associated myeloid cells:diversity and therapeutic targeting

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 566-578页

作者： Alberto Mantovani Federica Marchesi sebastien Jaillon Cecilia Garlanda paola Allavena Department of Immunology and Inflammation Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCSRozzanoItaly Department of Biomedical science Humanitas UniversityRozzanoItaly The William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly

Myeloid cells in tumor tissues constitute a dynamic immune population characterized by a non-uniform phenotype and diverse functional *** tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),which are more abundantly represented,and tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are known to sustain tumor cell growth and invasion,support neoangiogenesis and suppress anticancer adaptive immune *** recent decades,several therapeutic approaches have been implemented in preclinical cancer models to neutralize the tumor-promoting roles of both TAMs and *** of the most successful strategies have now reached the clinic and are being investigated in clinical *** this review,we provide an overview of the recent literature on the evergrowing complexity of the biology of TAMs and TANs and the development of the most promising approaches to target these populations therapeutically in cancer patients.

关键词： tumor-associated macrophages tumor microenvironment macrophage targeting

Volatile organic compounds emitted by Megaplatypus mutatus associated fungi: chemical identification and temperature-modulated responses by the ambrosial beetle

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 3-15页

作者： Esteban D.Ceriani-Nakamurakare Mariel slodowicz Cecilia Carmarán paola Gonzalez-Audino Instituto de Micología y Botánica (INMi Bo) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CIPEIN) Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico Para la Defensa (UNIDEF) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (DBBE) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEy N) Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)

Background In ambrosia and bark beetles–fungi interaction, volatile organic compounds(VOCs) play a central role in mediating various aspects of community dynamics of beetles and/or fungi. These functions include facilitating beetle habitat location, mate identification, and fungal partner differentiation. However, the understanding on this context remains limited, especially in the globally distributed subfamily Platypodinae, which comprises predomi-nantly ambrosia beetles. There is a lack of chemical data on ambrosia fungi from native south American species. This study addresses this gap by characterizing VOCs from twelve fungal species associated with Megaplatypus mutatus and assessing species-specific behavioral responses during *** Fungal VOCs were collected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with solid-phase microextraction and Y-olfactometry assays of males and females were performed at dispersal stage. statistical analyses involved: non-metric multidimensional scaling multivariate plot and PERMANOVA test, a cluster analysis through unweighted pair group method with Jaccard index, and finally, a chi-square goodness-of-fit test for beetle behavioral *** We identified 72 VOCs from the fungal species isolated from M. mutatus galleries, exocuticle, and gut. The olfactory behavior of M. mutatus demonstrated its capacity to discriminate between volatile profiles, showing a pref-erence for either the fungus or the control source. Our results also enhance the understanding in a chemotaxonomic context and in the behavioral responses of M. mutatus revealing the beetle's remarkable low temperature toler-ance and its capability to maintain mobility and orientation toward volatile sources even after zero-degree Celsius *** This study presents a comprehensive insight into fungal VOC profiles, emphasizing the sources of isola-tion within pest associated fungi, as well as its symbiotic species from the Raffaelea genus. In

关键词： Ambrosia Raffoelea Fusorium Volatiles Platypodinae Megaplatypus Olfactory behavior Chemotaxonomic Freezing condition

Cardiovascular dysfunction and vitamin D status in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第5期15卷 465-470页

作者： paola Muggeo Vito Michele Rosario Muggeo paola Giordano Maurizio Delvecchio Maria Altomare Chiara Novielli Marco Matteo Ciccone Gabriele D'Amato Maria Felicia Faienza Nicola santoro Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology University Hospital of PoliclinicoPiazza G.Cesare 1170124 BariItaly Department of Economical Business and Statistical SciencesUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Department of Biomedicine and Human Oncology Pediatric SectionUniversity"A.Moro"BariItaly Pediatric and Neonatology Unit Mother and Children Health Care Department"Madonna delle Grazie"HospitalASL MateraMateraItaly Cardiovascular Diseases section Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity"A.Moro"BariItaly Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Di Venere HospitalBariItaly

Background Vitamin D(25-OHD)has a role in bone health after treatment for cancer.25-OHD deficiency has been associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease,but no data focusing on this topic in childhood cancer survivors have been *** investigated the 25-OHD status in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),and evaluated its influence on vascular *** 25-OHD levels were evaluated in 52 ALL survivors and 40 matched healthy *** were grouped according to 25-OHD level(s,biochemical and hemostatic markers of endothelial function(AD,HMW-AD,ET-1,vWFAg,TAT,D-dimers,Fbg,and hs-CRP),ultrasound markers of vascular endothelial function(flow-mediated dilatation,FMD,common carotid intima-media thickness,C-IMT,and antero-posterior diameter of infra-renal abdominal aorta,APAO)were evaluated in the *** Cases showed higher prevalence of 25-OHD deficiency than controls(p=0.002).In univariate analysis via mean comparisons,25-OHD deficient(s showed higher C-IMT values compared to the 25-OHD non-deficient(≥20 ng/ml)group(P=0.023).significant differences were also found for ET-1(P=0.035)and AD-HMW(P=0.015).In the multiple regression models controlling for some confounders,25-OHD still was associated with C-IMT(P=0.0163),ET-1(P=0.0077),and AD-HMW(P=0.0008).Conclusions Childhood ALL survivors show higher prevalence of 25-OHD deficiency as compared to *** 25-OHD levels appear to be linked to indicators of endothelial and vascular *** monitoring of 25-OHD balance may help to prevent cardiovascular diseases in childhood ALL survivors,characterized by high cardiovascular risk.

关键词： Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Cardiovascular disease C-IMT Vascular ultrasound studies Vitamin D

Immortalized hippocampal astrocytes from 3xTg-AD mice,a new model to study disease-related astrocytic dysfunction:a comparative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1672-1678页

作者： Laura Tapella Giulia Dematteis Armando A Genazzani Massimiliano De paola Dmitry Lim Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Universitàdel Piemonte Orientale“Amedeo Avogadro”NovaraItaly Department of Neuroscience Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCSMilanoItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is characterized by complex etiology,long-lasting pathogenesis,and celltype-specific ***,there is no cure for AD,emphasizing the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of cell-specific ***,principal homeostatic cells of the central nervous system,are key players in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including *** models greatly facilitate the investigation of cell-specific pathological alterations and the dissection of molecular mechanisms and ***-derived and immortalized astrocytic cell lines,alongside the emerging technology of adult induced pluripotent stem cells,are widely used to study cellular dysfunction in ***,no stable cell lines were available from genetic mouse AD ***,we established immortalized hippocampal astroglial cell lines from amyloid-βprecursor protein/presenilin-1/Tau triple-transgenic(3xTg)-AD mice(denominated as wild type(WT)-and 3Tg-iAstro cells)using retrovirus-mediated transduction of simian virus 40 large T-antigen and propagation without clonal selection,thereby maintaining natural heterogeneity of primary *** groups have successfully used 3Tg-iAstro cells for single-cell and omics approaches to study astrocytic AD-related alterations of calcium signaling,mitochondrial dysfunctions,disproteostasis,altered homeostatic and signaling support to neurons,and blood-brain barrier *** we provide a comparative overview of the most used models to study astrocytes in vitro,such as primary culture,tumor-derived cell lines,immortalized astroglial cell lines,and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived *** conclude that immortalized WT-and 3Tg-iAstro cells provide a noncompetitive but complementary,low-cost,easy-to-handle,and versatile cellular model for dissection of astrocyte-specific AD-related alterations and preclinical drug discovery.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease astrocytes immortalization astroglial Alzheimers's disease model blood-brain barrier calcium signaling central nervous system homeostasis disproteostasis endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes protein synthesis