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Gradient descent decomposition of force-field motor primitives optogenetically elicited for motor mapping of the murine lumbosacral spinal cord

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 604-619页

作者： paola salmas Vincent C.K Cheung School of Biomedical Sciences and Gerald Choa Neuroscience InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Kunming Institute of Zoology-The Chinese University of Hong Kong(KIZ-CUHK)Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases Hong Kong SARChina

Generating diverse motor behaviors critical for survival is a challenge that confronts the central nervous system(CNS)of all animals.During movement execution,the CNS performs complex calculations to control a large number of neuromusculoskeletal elements.The theory of modular motor control proposes that spinal interneurons are organized in discrete modules that can be linearly combined to generate a variety of behavioral patterns.These modules have been previously represented as stimulus-evoked force fields(FFs)comprising isometric limb-endpoint forces across workspace locations.Here,we ask whether FFs elicited by different stimulations indeed represent the most elementary units of motor control or are themselves the combination of a limited number of even more fundamental motor modules.To probe for potentially more elementary modules,we optogenetically stimulated the lumbosacral spinal cord of intact and spinalized Thy1-ChR2 transgenic mice(n=21),eliciting FFs from as many single stimulation loci as possible(20-70 loci per mouse)at minimally necessary power.We found that the resulting varieties of FFs defied simple categorization with just a few clusters.We used gradient descent to further decompose the FFs into their underlying basic force fields(BFFs),whose linear combination explained FF variability.Across mice,we identified 4-5 BFFs with partially localizable but overlapping representations along the spinal cord.The BFFs were structured and topographically distributed in such a way that a rostral-to-caudal traveling wave of activity across the lumbosacral spinal cord may generate a swing-to-stance gait cycle.These BFFs may represent more rudimentary submodules that can be flexibly merged to produce a library of motor modules for building different motor behaviors.

关键词： Motor mapping Optogenetics Spinal cord Motor primitives Traveling wave

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