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Identification of herbal medicinal materials using DNA barcodes

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 271-283页

作者： Paul Pui-Hay BUT pang-chui shaw School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(CUHK) Institute of Chinese MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongChina

Herbal medicinal materials have been used worldwide for centuries to maintain health and to treat ***,adulteration of herbal medicines remains a major concern of users and industry for reasons of safety and *** of herbal medicinal materials by DNA technology has been widely applied,started from the *** recent years,DNA barcoding of global plant species using four standard barcodes(rbcL,matK,trnH-psbA and ITS) has been a major focus in the fields of biodiversity and *** DNA barcodes can also be used as reliable tools to facilitate the identification of herbal medicinal materials for the safe use of herbs,quality control,and forensic *** studies have applied these DNA barcodes for the identification of herbal medicinal species and their *** present article reviews efforts in the identification of herbal medicinal materials using the standard DNA barcodes and other DNA sequence-based markers.

关键词： DNA barcode herbal medicinal materials internal transcribed spacer(ITS) matK molecular identification rbcL trnH-psbA.

Application of DNA barcodes in Hedyotis L.(Spermacoceae,Rubiaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 203-212页

作者： Mark P.SIMMONS Paul Pui-Hay BUT pang-chui shaw Department of Biology Colorado State University School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The potential application of DNA barcodes of plastid(matK,trnH-psbA,petD,and rbcL) and nuclear(internal transcribed spacer(ITS) of rDNA) DNA regions was investigated for 25 Hedyotis *** ITS showed the best species discrimination by resolving 23 of the species as exclusive lineages with no shared alleles between any of the 24 distinct species(*** and *** are not supported as distinct species based on our molecular and morphological data).Conversely,rbcL performed the worst and only resolved 10 of the species as exclusive lineages,and 10 species with shared *** ITS has the advantage of high PCR amplification success and it provides good intra-and interspecific variation distribution *** most powerful plastid markers were petD and trnH-psbA,but we could amplify and sequence trnH-psbA for only 83% of the accessions *** of ITS and petD performed extremely well,with all 24 of the distinct species resolved as exclusive lineages and no shared alleles between any of the distinct *** therefore recommend ITS,or a combination of ITS and petD,as the standard DNA barcode in Hedyotis,but acknowledge that there are no shared alleles between distinct species for matK and rbcL combined.

关键词： DNA barcode Hedyotis molecular identification Rubiaceae taxonomy.

Contribution of molecular cladistics to the taxonomy of Rutaceae in China

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第2期47卷 144-150页

作者： Paul Pui-Hay BUT Alice Wing-Sem POON pang-chui shaw Mark P.SIMMONS Harald GREGER Department of Biology Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Biochemistry Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort Collins Comparative and Ecological Phytochemistry Faculty Center of BotanyUniversity of Vienna

The treatment of Rutaceae in the Chinese flora chose to follow Engler in recognizing Rutoideae and Toddalioideae as two separate *** and chemical comparisons,however,suggested group-ing those two subfamilies in one subfamily,*** move has received support from molecular phyloge-netic analyses,which also showed that the Chinese taxa in Euodia should be placed in Tetradium and Melicope following *** into the chemistry and molecular phylogeny of Murraya also indicated that the species in the section Bergera without yuehchukene should be removed from *** findings clearly show the value of molecular cladistics to the taxonomy of Rutaceae in China and also directions for further inves-tigations.

关键词： Bergera Euodia Melicope Murraya Rutaceae Rutoideae Tetradium Toddalioideae

Sheng Jiang San, traditional multi-herb formulation, exerts anti-influenza effects in vitro and in vivo via neuraminidaseinhibition and immune regulation

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2019年第9期33卷 738-739页

作者： ZHANG Tian-bo XIAO Meng-jie Chun-Kwok WONG Ka-Pun CHRIS MOK ZHAO Xin TI Hui-hui pang-chui shaw State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target&Clinical PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina The School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

OBJECTIVE Sheng Jiang San(SJS),a multi-herb formulation,is used in treating high fever,thirsty and anxiety in ancient China and it is sometimes used to treat seasonal influenza in ***,there is no evidencebased investigation and mechanism research to support SJS′s anti-influenza *** study aims to investigate the anti-influenza effect of SJS and its possible *** In this study,we examined the inhibitory effect of SJS against different influenza viruses on Madin-Darby canine kidney *** virus infected BALB/c mice were employed as in vivo model to evaluate the *** challenged with A/PR/8/34(H1N1)were orally administrated SJS 1 g·kg^-1 daily for seven days and monitored for 14 *** survival rate,body mass changes,lung index,lung viral load,histopathologic changes and immune-regulation of the mice were *** underlying anti-influenza virus mechanisms were studied by a series of biological assays in vitro to determine if hemagglutinin,ribonucleoprotein complex or nerauminidase were targets of *** SJS exerted a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on multiple influenza strains in a dose-dependent *** IC50 of SJS against A/WSN/33(H1N1)was lower than 35 mg·L^-*** also protected 50%of mice from influenza virus PR8 *** lung index and the lung viral load of SJS treated mice were signifi⁃cantly decrease compared with untreated *** 2 g·L^-1 inhibited 80%of neuraminidase enzymatic *** also up-regulated TNF-αand IFN-αand down-regulated IL-2 of influenza virus induced *** SJS is a useful formulation for treating influenza virus infection.

关键词： Sheng Jiang San anti-influenza activity neuraminidase inhibition immuno-regulation

A Review of the Potential Issues of Pollution Caused by the Mineral Elements, Mercury, Lead and Arsenic, Its Possible Impacts on the Human Beings and the Suggested Solutions

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Chinese Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 167-178页

作者： Yau Lam Cho Wing Sze Yao Tong Tzi Bun Ng pang chui shaw Yanbo Zhang School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China The School of Biochemistry and Faculty of Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China The School of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Objective: This paper mainly discusses and summarises the potential issues of pollution caused by the Mineral elements, Mercury, Lead and Arsenic, its possible impacts on the human beings and the suggested solutions. Methods: This paper is prepared by reviewing the latest academic literatures. Result: First, this article discusses two aspects including the effects of Mercury, Lead and Arsenic on the Chinese herbal medicine and the potential issues of causing the environmental pollution. And then further study its toxicity effects and the side impacts on the human bodies in order to realize the actual circumstances people are encountering nowadays. This paper will also the corresponding its treatment method of reviews. Hope this will provide a valuable reference. Conclusion: Theses issues caused by the Mineral elements are prominent nowadays, thus the ongoing researches on the impacts of pollution and the possible solutions are regarded as highly valued in order to conserve the natural environment and meanwhile safeguard the well beings of people and the future offspring.

关键词： Mineral Elements Arsenic Lead Mercury

Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress scoring system for predicting complications following abdominal surgery: A metaanalysis spanning 2004 to 2022

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 215-227页

作者： Tian-Shu pang Li-Ping Cao Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Postoperative complications remain a paramount concern for surgeons and healthcare *** To present a comprehensive analysis of the Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress(E-PASS)scoring system’s efficacy in predicting postoperative complications following abdominal *** A systematic search of published studies was conducted,yielding 17 studies with pertinent *** such as preoperative risk score(PRS),surgical stress score(SSS),comprehensive risk score(CRS),postoperative complications,post-operative mortality,and other clinical data were collected for *** plots were employed for continuous and binary variables,withχ2 tests assessing heterogeneity(P value).RESULTS Patients experiencing complications after abdominal surgery exhibited significantly higher E-PASS scores compared to those without complications[mean difference and 95%confidence interval(CI)of PRS:0.10(0.05-0.15);SSS:0.04(0.001-0.08);CRS:0.19(0.07-0.31)].Following the exclusion of low-quality studies,results remained valid with no discernible *** analysis indicated that variations in sample size and age may contribute to hetero-geneity in CRS *** variable meta-analysis demonstrated a correlation between high CRS and increased postoperative complication rates[odds ratio(OR)(95%CI):3.01(1.83-4.95)],with a significant association observed between high CRS and postoperative mortality[OR(95%CI):15.49(3.75-64.01)].CONCLUSION In summary,postoperative complications in abdominal surgery,as assessed by the E-PASS scoring system,are consistently linked to elevated PRS,SSS,and CRS *** CRS scores emerge as risk factors for heightened morbidity and *** study establishes the accuracy of the E-PASS scoring system in predicting postoperative morbidity and mortality in abdominal surgery,underscoring its potential for widespread adoption in effective risk assessment.

关键词： Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress scoring system Preoperative risk score Surgical stress score Comprehensive risk score Complications

Structure and sequence analysis of influenza A virus nucleoprotein

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 439-449页

作者： NG Andy Ka-Leung shaw pang-chui Molecular Biotechnology Programme Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography The Chi-nese University of Hong Kong

Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) forms homo-oligomers and multiple copies of NP wrap around genomic RNA, along with a trimeric polymerase making up ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Sequence comparison of more than 2500 influenza A NP showed that this protein contains 30.1 % of polymorphic residues. NP is composed of a head and a body domain and a tail loop/ linker region. The head domain is more conserved than the body domain, as revealed from the structure-based sequence alignment. NP oligomerization is mediated by the insertion of the non-polymorphic and structurally conserved tail loop of one NP molecule to a groove of another NP. The different form of NP oligomers is due to the flexibility of the polymorphic linkers that join the tail loop to the rest of the protein. The RNA binding property of NP is known to involve the protruding element and the flexible basic loop between the head and body domains, both having high degree of primary sequence conservation. To bind RNA, NP may first capture the RNA by the flexible basic loop and then the RNA is clamped by the protruding element.

关键词： Influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein oligomerization RNA binding

Chemical and molecular characterization of Hong Dangshen,a unique medicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2007年第3期16卷 202-207页

作者：张艳波江仁望李松林乔春峰韩全斌徐宏喜黄家乐毕培曦邵鹏柱香港中文大学中医中药研究所香港赛马会中药研究院

Aim To investigate the plant origin and the identity of the red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen, a unique medicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong. Methods The HPLC fingerprints and 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences of Hong Dangshen were obtained and compared with those of genuine species of Radix Codonopsis. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was analyzed and compared with that of Halloysitum fingerprints to the Codonopsis species and the highest similarity to Rubrum. Results Hong Dangshen showed very similar HPLC Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta in terms of 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was consistent with that of Halloysitum Rubrum. Conclusion The source plant of Hong Dangshen was suggested to be Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta, one of the genuine original plants of Radix Codonopsis （Dangshen） in the China Pharmacopoeia （2005 edition）. The red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen was indicated to be Halloysitum Rubrum, a traditional medicinal mineral for chronic diarrhea. Our data suggest that Hong Dangshen is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta which has been processed with Halloysitum Rubrum, and the name is suggested to be Radix Codonopsis Praeparata Halloysita Rubra.

关键词： Radix Codonopsis Praeparata Halloysita Rubra Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta HPLC 5S rRNA gene spacer X- ray Halloysitum Rubrum lobetyolin

尺度重组视角下英国大都市区治理实践及启示——基于英格兰6个大都市区研究

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城市规划学刊 2024年第4期 41-50页

作者：张栩晨 David shaw 赵民张艺帅同济大学建筑与城市规划学院利物浦大学规划系自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术重点实验室香港大学建筑学院

全球化语境下，大都市区等区域空间已经成为参与全球竞争的主要载体，其治理问题亦成为区域空间研究的热点议题。从尺度重组视角出发，在梳理大都市区治理发展历程与研究内容的基础上，聚焦英格兰大都市区，从治理主体、治理工具和治理... 详细信息

全球化语境下，大都市区等区域空间已经成为参与全球竞争的主要载体，其治理问题亦成为区域空间研究的热点议题。从尺度重组视角出发，在梳理大都市区治理发展历程与研究内容的基础上，聚焦英格兰大都市区，从治理主体、治理工具和治理机制等三方面解析英国区域治理演进特征和运作模式。研究发现，在英国大都市区的治理过程中，治理主体从单一走向多元、治理工具从独立走向协作、治理机制从科层走向网络。基于英国经验的启示，针对我国区域治理尺度建构滞后于区域空间尺度重组的问题，从建立都市圈治理架构并界定主体权责、复合使用各类治理工具、完善区域网络治理体制机制等三方面作若干探讨。

关键词：尺度重组大都市区区域治理英格兰