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Top Five Stories of the Cellular Landscape and Therapies of Atherosclerosis:Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 1-27页

作者： Qi pan Cheng CHEN Yue-jin yang State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China

Atherosclerosis(AS)is characterized by impairment and apoptosis of endothelial cells,continuous systemic and focal inflammation and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells,which is documented as the traditional cellular paradigm.However,the mechanisms appear much more complicated than we thought since a bulk of studies on efferocytosis,transdifferentiation and novel cell death forms such as ferroptosis,pyroptosis,and extracellular trap were reported.Discovery of novel pathological cellular landscapes provides a large number of therapeutic targets.On the other side,the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current treatment with lipid-lowering drugs as the cornerstone also restricts the efforts to reduce global AS burden.Stem cell-or nanoparticle-based strategies spurred a lot of attention due to the attractive therapeutic effects and minimized adverse effects.Given the complexity of pathological changes of AS,attempts to develop an almighty medicine based on single mechanisms could be theoretically challenging.In this review,the top stories in the cellular landscapes during the initiation and progression of AS and the therapies were summarized in an integrated perspective to facilitate efforts to develop a multi-targets strategy and fill the gap between mechanism research and clinical translation.The future challenges and improvements were also discussed.

关键词： atherosclerosis transdifferentiation extracellular traps efferocytosis stem cell nanoparticles

On Leray's problem in an infinitely long pipe with the Navier-slip boundary condition

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第4期67卷 819-854页

作者： Zijin Li Xinghong pan Jiaqi yang School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Mathematics and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China

The original Leray’s problem concerns the well-posedness of weak solutions to the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a distorted pipe,which approach the Poiseuille flow subject to the no-slip boundary condition at spatial infinity.In this paper,the same problem with the Navier-slip boundary condition instead of the no-slip boundary condition,is addressed.Due to the complexity of the boundary condition,some new ideas,presented as follows,are introduced to handle the extra difficulties caused by boundary terms.First,the Poiseuille flow in the semi-infinite straight pipe with the Navier-slip boundary condition will be introduced,which will serve as the asymptotic profile of the solution to the generalized Leray’s problem at spatial infinity.Second,a solenoidal vector function defined in the whole pipe,satisfying the Navierslip boundary condition,having the designated flux and equalling the Poiseuille flow at a large distance,will be carefully constructed.This plays an important role in reformulating our problem.Third,the energy estimates depend on a combined L2-estimate of the gradient and the stress tensor of the velocity.

关键词： stationary Navier-Stokes system Navier-slip boundary condition Leray's problem

A module based modeling framework for estimating lunar dust deposition due to human activities

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 501-510页

作者： Chunjian pan College of Automation Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China

Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities will inevitably produce a significant amount of dust.Therefore,it is important to estimate the potential range and intensity of dust deposition caused by these activities to minimize dust accumulation over time and for maintenance planning and execution.A modular model that correlates the dust deposition distribution with initial mean dust particle velocity,its mean ejected angle and the total amount of ejected mass is developed for an elementary mechanical movement.This modular model is further employed to form a modeling framework to estimate dust deposition of a trajectory based activity of similar repeated movements such as the landing process of a lander,walking and rover operation.The model forms a unified modeling framework for different trajectory-based activities and is shown to predict consistent and physically meaningful ranges and intensities of dust deposition provided reliable data to calibrate the model parameters.

关键词： Lunar dust Dust deposition Lunar lander Lunar construction Model calibration

A blockchain-based data auditing scheme with key-exposure resistance for IIoT

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 327-328页

作者： pan yang Jingli REN Henan Academy of Big Data Zhengzhou University

The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT) enables enterprises to collect data from end devices and outsource the data to cloud servers for flexible data sharing. Public auditing plays an important role in ensuring the integrity of the data.There are blockchain-based public auditing schemes that utilize smart contracts to achieve decentralized verification(such as [1]),

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Lactate metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 69-74页

作者： Chaoguang yang Rui-Yuan pan Fangxia Guan Zengqiang Yuan The Brain Science Center Beijing Institute of Basic Medical SciencesBeijingChina School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina

Lactate,a byproduct of glycolysis,was thought to be a metabolic waste until the discovery of the Warburg effect.Lactate not only functions as a metabolic substrate to provide energy but can also function as a signaling molecule to modulate cellular functions under pathophysiological conditions.The Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle has cla rified that lactate plays a pivotal role in the central nervous system.Moreover,protein lactylation highlights the novel role of lactate in regulating transcription,cellular functions,and disease development.This review summarizes the recent advances in lactate metabolism and its role in neurodegenerative diseases,thus providing optimal pers pectives for future research.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle brain central nervous system glucose metabolism glycolysis neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease protein lactylation signaling molecule

Role of Oncostatin M in the prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 228-238页

作者： Yue yang Kan-Zuo Fu Gu pan Department of Gastroenterology III Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 150036Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Nursing The Second Hospital of HarbinHarbin 150056Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Oncostatin M(OSM)is a pleiotropic cytokine which is implicated in the path-ogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).AIM To evaluate the prognostic role of OSM in IBD patients.METHODS Literature search was conducted in electronic databases(Google Scholar,Embase,PubMed,Science Direct,Springer,and Wiley).Studies were selected if they reported prognostic information about OSM in IBD patients.Outcome data were synthesized,and meta-analyses were performed to estimate standardized mean differences(SMDs)in OSM levels between treatment responders and non-res-ponders and to seek overall correlations of OSM with other inflammatory bio-markers.RESULTS Sixteen studies(818 Crohn’s disease and 686 ulcerative colitis patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-based therapies)were included.OSM levels were associated with IBD severity.A meta-analysis found significantly higher OSM levels in non-responders than in responders to therapy[SMD 0.80(0.33,1.27);P=0.001],in non-remitters than in remitters[SMD 0.75(95%CI:0.35 to 1.16);P<0.0001]and in patients with no mucosal healing than in those with mucosal heal-ing[SMD 0.63(0.30,0.95);P<0.0001].Area under receiver operator curve values showed considerable variability between studies but in general higher OSM levels were associated with poor prognosis.OSM had significant correlations with Simple Endoscopic Score of Crohn’s disease[r=0.47(95%CI:0.25 to 0.64);P<0.0001],Mayo Endoscopic Score[r=0.35(95%CI:0.28 to 0.41);P<0.0001],fecal calprotectin[r=0.19(95%CI:0.08 to 0.3);P=0.001],C-reactive protein[r=0.25(95%CI:0.11 to 0.39);P<0.0001],and platelet count[r=0.28(95%CI:0.17 to 0.39);P<0.0001].CONCLUSION OSM is a potential candidate for determining the severity of disease and predicting the outcomes of anti-tumor necrosis factor-based therapies in IBD patients.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Oncostatin M Prognosis

Present-day Upper-crustal Strain Rate Field in Southeastern Tibet and its Geodynamic Implications:Constraints from GPS Measurements with ABIC Method

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 265-275页

作者： yang Shaohua pan Jiawei LI Haibing SHI Yaolin Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole Crustal Activity National Observation and Research Station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Earth’s surface kinematics and deformation are fundamental to understanding crustal evolution.An effective research approach is to estimate regional motion field and deformation fields based on modern geodetic networks.If the discrete observed velocity field is obtained,the velocity related fields,such as dilatation rate and maximum shear strain rate,can be estimated by applying varied mathematical approaches.This study applied Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion(ABIC)method to calculate strain rate fields constrained by GPS observations in the southeast Tibetan Plateau.Comparison with results derived from other three methods revealed that our ABIC-derived strain rate fields were more precise.The maximum shear strain rate highlighted the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system as the main boundary for the outward migration of material in southeastern Tibet,indicating rotation of eastern Tibet material around the eastern Himalaya rather than whole extrusion along a fixed channel.Additionally,distinct dilatation rate patterns in the northeast and southwest regions of the fault system were observed.The northeast region,represented by the Longmenshan area,exhibited negative dilatational anomalies;while the southwest region,represented by the Jinsha River area north of 29°N,displayed positive dilatational anomalies.This indicates compression in the former and extension in the latter.Combined with deep geophysical observations,we believe that the upper and lower crusts of the Jinsha River area north of 29°N are in an entire expanding state,probably caused by the escape-drag effect of material.The presence of a large,low-viscosity region south of 29°N may not enable the entire escape of the crust,but instead result in a differential escape of the lower crust faster than the upper crust.

关键词： strain rate differential escape ABIC GPS southeastern Tibet

Robot trajectory planning for autonomous 3D reconstruction of cockpit in aircraft final assembly testing

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 332-350页

作者： Yanzhe WANG Zemin pan Qian yang Changxi DENG Yanding WEI The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Information Science and Engineering NingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100China AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry(Group)Company Ltd. Xi’an 710089China Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The trend towards automation and intelligence in aircraft final assembly testing has led to a new demand for autonomous perception of unknown cockpit operation scenes in robotic collaborative airborne system testing.To address this demand,a robotic automated 3D reconstruction cell which enables to autonomously plan the robot end-camera’s trajectory is developed for image acquisition and 3D modeling of the cockpit operation scene.A continuous viewpoint path planning algorithm is proposed that incorporates both 3D reconstruction quality and robot path quality into optimization process.Smoothness metrics for viewpoint position paths and orientation paths are introduced together for the first time in 3D reconstruction.To ensure safe and effective movement,two spatial constraints,Domain of View Admissible Position(DVAP)and Domain of View Admissible Orientation(DVAO),are implemented to account for robot reachability and collision avoidance.By using diffeomorphism mapping,the orientation path is transformed into 3D,consistent with the position path.Both orientation and position paths can be optimized in a unified framework to maximize the gain of reconstruction quality and path smoothness within DVAP and DVAO.The reconstruction cell is capable of automatic data acquisition and fine scene modeling,using the generated robot C-space trajectory.Simulation and physical scene experiments have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method to achieve highprecision 3D reconstruction while optimizing robot motion quality.

关键词： Aircraft assembly testing Aircraft cockpit 3D modeling Camera viewpoint Robot trajectory planning

Significant contribution of carbonyls to atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)during the winter haze pollution over North China Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 377-388页

作者： Xue yang Gen Zhang Guang pan Guolan Fan Houyong Zhang Xuan Ge Mingyue Du School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJi’nan 250101China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Shandong Jinan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Ji’nan 250101China

Atmospheric carbonyl compounds play significant roles in the cycling of radicals and have exhibited surprisingly high levels in winter that were well correlated to particulate matter,for which the reason have not been clearly elucidated.Here we measured carbonyl compounds and other trace gasses together with PM_(2.5)over urban Jinan in North China Plain during the winter.Markedly higher carbonyl concentrations(average:14.63±4.21 ppbv)were found during wintertime haze pollution,about one to three-times relative to those on nonhaze days,with slight difference in chemical composition except formaldehyde(HCHO).HCHO(3.68 ppbv),acetone(3.17 ppbv),and acetaldehyde(CH_3CHO)(2.83 ppbv)were the three most abundant species,accounting for~75% of the total carbonylson both haze and non-haze days.Results from observational-based model(OBM)with atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)indicated that AOC significantly increased with the increasing carbonyls during the winter haze events.Carbonyl photolysis have supplied key oxidants such as RO_(2) and HO_(2),and thereby enhancing the formation of fine particles and secondary organic aerosols,elucidating the observed haze-carbonyls inter-correlation.Diurnal variation with carbonyls exhibiting peak values at early-noon and night highlighted the combined contribution of both secondary formation and primary diesel-fuel sources.1-butene was further confirmed to be the major precursor for HCHO.This study confirms the great contribution of carbonyls to AOC,and also suggests that reducing the emissions of carbonyls would be an effective way to mitigate haze pollution in urban area of the NCP region.

关键词： Carbonyls Haze Observation-based model Source apportionment Atmospheric oxidation capacity