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The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua pan Hao Huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

Defect Engineering:Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg^(2+)in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 135-159页

作者： Zhengqing Fan Ruimin Li Xin Zhang Wanyu Zhao Zhenghui pan Xiaowei Yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have been considered a promising“post lithium-ion battery”system to meet the rapidly increasing demand of the emerging electric vehicle and grid energy storage ***,the sluggish diffusion kinetics of bivalent Mg^(2+)in the host material,related to the strong Coulomb effect between Mg^(2+)and host anion lattices,hinders their further development toward practical *** engineering,regarded as an effective strategy to break through the slow migration puzzle,has been validated in various cathode materials for *** this review,we first thoroughly understand the intrinsic mechanism of Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials,from which the key factors affecting ion diffusion are further ***,the positive effects of purposely introduced defects,including vacancy and doping,and the corresponding strategies for introducing various defects are *** applications of defect engineering in cathode materials for RMBs with advanced electrochemical properties are also ***,the existing challenges and future perspectives of defect engineering in cathode materials for the overall high-performance RMBs are described.

关键词： Rechargeable magnesium battery Sluggish diffusion kinetic Defect engineering Cathode materials Ion migration

Systematic comparison of Kawasaki disease Z-score formulas:Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability across populations

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 63-68页

作者： Yan pan Fu-Yong Jiao Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000Hubei ProvinceChina Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Children's HospitalShaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'anJiaotong UniveristyXi'an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

This study aims to evaluate the performance of six distinct Z-score formulas in diagnosing coronary artery dilation in Kawasaki disease(KD)patients,with a focus on their clinical applicability across diverse populations.A retrospective analysis was conducted using comparative statistical methods to assess the sensitivity and specificity of each *** Kobayashi and Dallaire formulas demonstrated the highest sensitivity in China,particularly in younger patients with prolonged fever *** findings provide evidence-based recommend-ations for selecting Z-score formulas to optimize diagnostic precision in KD patients.

关键词： Kawasaki disease Early diagnosis Z-score Children

Imperative for long-term management and surveillance in Kawasaki disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第4期13卷 61-63页

作者： Yan pan Fu-Yong Jiao Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434000Hubei ProvinceChina Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Children’s HospitalShaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery *** the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical *** editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such *** drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.

关键词： Kawasaki disease Long-term management Coronary artery aneurysm Surveillance Preventive care

Stiffness-tunable biomaterials provide a good extracellular matrix environment for axon growth and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1364-1376页

作者： Ronglin Han Lanxin Luo Caiyan Wei Yaru Qiao Jiming Xie Xianchao pan Juan Xing Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina

Neuronal growth, extension, branching, and formation of neural networks are markedly influenced by the extracellular matrix—a complex network composed of proteins and carbohydrates secreted by cells. In addition to providing physical support for cells, the extracellular matrix also conveys critical mechanical stiffness cues. During the development of the nervous system, extracellular matrix stiffness plays a central role in guiding neuronal growth, particularly in the context of axonal extension, which is crucial for the formation of neural networks. In neural tissue engineering, manipulation of biomaterial stiffness is a promising strategy to provide a permissive environment for the repair and regeneration of injured nervous tissue. Recent research has fine-tuned synthetic biomaterials to fabricate scaffolds that closely replicate the stiffness profiles observed in the nervous system. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms by which extracellular matrix stiffness regulates axonal growth and regeneration. We highlight the progress made in the development of stiffness-tunable biomaterials to emulate in vivo extracellular matrix environments, with an emphasis on their application in neural repair and regeneration, along with a discussion of the current limitations and future prospects. The exploration and optimization of the stiffness-tunable biomaterials has the potential to markedly advance the development of neural tissue engineering.

关键词： alginate axon growth biomaterials extracellular matrix neural repair neurons neuroregeneration polyacrylamide polydimethylsiloxane stiffness

Construction of 3D porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for ultrafast and long-cycle life sodium-ion storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 191-200页

作者： Chen Chen Hongyu Xue Qilin Hu Mengfan Wang pan Shang Ziyan Liu Tao Peng Deyang Zhang Yongsong Luo Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage TechnologyCollege of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China

Transition metal sulfides have great potential as anode mterials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical specific ***,the inferior intrinsic conductivity and large volume variation during sodiation-desodiation processes seriously affect its high-rate and long-cyde performance,unbeneficial for the application as fast-charging and long-cycling SIBs ***,the three-dimensional porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks(Cu_(1.81)S/NC)are synthesized by the simple and facile sol-gel and annealing processes,which can accommodate the volumetric expansion of Cu_(1.81)S nanoparticles and accelerate the transmission of ions and electrons during Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes,exhibiting the excellent rate capability(250.6 mA·g^(-1)at 20.0 A·g^(-1))and outstanding cycling stability(70% capacity retention for 6000 cycles at 10.0 A·g^(-1))for ***,the Na-ion full cells coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode also demonstrate the satisfactory reversible specific capacity of 330.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0 A·g^(-1)and long-cycle performance with the 86.9% capacity retention at 2.0 A·g^(-1)after 750 *** work proposes a promising way for the conversionbased metal sulfides for the applications as fast-charging sodium-ion battery anode.

关键词： copper sulfide nanoparticles porous carbon framework fast charging long-cycle performance sodium-ion full batteries

前期东北大西洋-地中海西部海温异常影响河南省干热风的可能途径

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高原气象 2025年第1期44卷 150-162页

作者：竹磊磊苏晓乐潘攀吴璐杨婷中国气象局•河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室河南郑州450003 河南省气候中心河南郑州450003

河南省是中国冬小麦的主产区,也是较易受干热风影响的地区。目前对干热风的研究和预报多在天气尺度,从气候的角度研究干热风是否具有可预报性,具有非常重要的意义。本文基于河南省干热风资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和哈得莱环流中心海温... 详细信息

河南省是中国冬小麦的主产区,也是较易受干热风影响的地区。目前对干热风的研究和预报多在天气尺度,从气候的角度研究干热风是否具有可预报性,具有非常重要的意义。本文基于河南省干热风资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和哈得莱环流中心海温资料,分析了1980-2022年前期海温异常与河南省干热风日数的关系,及其可能影响途径。结果表明:(1)豫北、豫西北和豫中多年平均干热风日数较多,其他地区则相对较少。日干热风出现的概率由南向北、由5月下旬至6月上旬逐渐增加。全省平均干热风日数有显著增加趋势。(2)河南省干热风日数与当年3-4月东北大西洋-地中海西部(关键区)海温在年代际和年际尺度上均存在着密切相关,两者与干热风发生时段500 hPa高度场在去趋势前和去趋势后的显著正相关区在东亚中纬度地区位于新疆北部至贝加尔湖尔湖北部,显著负相关区位于我国东北至日本群岛附近,与850 hPa风场在去趋势前和去趋势后的相关在上述正、负显著相关区分别呈反气旋和气旋分布,气旋后部呈偏北风的显著相关,即3-4月关键区高海温年,出现的蒙古高压脊和东亚大槽造成了河南省的干热风天气。海温与环流场的相关在去趋势前和去趋势后在中纬度地区呈现出一个更明显的由东北大西洋经欧亚大陆至东北亚的纬向遥相关波列。(3)西太平洋副热带高压(以下简称副高)偏南(北)时,干热风日数易偏多(少),而3-4月关键区高(低)海温则可以导致副高偏南(北)。(4)干热风偏多年和偏少年、3-4月关键区高海温年和低海温的干热风发生时段30°N-55°N经向平均的涡度差值,及高、低海温年的干热风发生时段500 hPa准地转流函数距平和波作用通量均显示在中纬度地区存在自东北大西洋至东北亚的纬向波列。也即表明,3-4月关键区海温可以激发出一个后期干热风发生时段的类似波列,经欧亚大陆传至东北亚,而高海温年在东亚中纬度地区的环流分布造成了河南省的干热风天气。

关键词：干热风东北大西洋地中海西部海温遥相关波列

Bullous pemphigoid associated with acquired hemophilia A: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第4期13卷 28-33页

作者： Su-Ye Hu Meng-Can Li Zi-Jia Hao Xu-Ya Chai Pei-Sai Li Yang Liu Li-Xia Liu Ying Xu pan-pan Yang Ling-E Li Department of Dermatology Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina Graduate School Hebei University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare and potentially severe bleeding disordercaused by circulating autoantibodies against factor Ⅷ (FⅧ). In approximately50% of the patients, the condition is associated with autoimmune diseases,cancers, medication use, pregnancy, and the post-partum period. Bullous pemphigoid(BP) is a chronic autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease associatedwith tissue-bound and circulating autoantibodies against BP antigens 180 (BP180)and 230 (BP230). AHA-associated BP has a high mortality rate;hence, the understandingof this disease must *** SUMMARY A 69-year-old man presented with erythema, blisters, blood blisters, and crustsaccompanied by severe pruritus for more than 20 days, and ecchymosis andswelling on his left upper arm for 3 days. Pathological examination revealed asubepidermal blister that contained eosinophils. Laboratory tests showed that theBP180 autoantibody levels had increased, isolated activated partial thromboplastintime was notably prolonged (115.6 s), and coagulation FⅧ activity wasextremely low (< 1.0%). Furthermore, the FⅧ inhibitor titer had greatlyincreased (59.2 Bethesda units). Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as having BP associated with AHA, prescribed 0.05% topical halometasone cream, and transferred to a higher-level hospitalfor effective treatment;however, he died after 2 *** AHA associated BP is rare, dangerous, and has a high mortality rate. Therefore, its timely diagnosis and effectivetreatment are necessary.

关键词： Bullous pemphigoid Acquired hemophilia A Acquired hemophilia A FactorⅧ Case report

Unlocking the future:Mitochondrial genes and neural networks in predicting ovarian cancer prognosis and immunotherapy response

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 43-52页

作者： Zhi-Jian Tang Yuan-Ming pan Wei Li Rui-Qiong Ma Jian-Liu Wang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Cancer Research Center Beijing Chest HospitalBeijing 101149China Department of Thoracic Surgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Mitochondrial genes are involved in tumor metabolism in ovarian cancer(OC)and affect immune cell infiltration and treatment *** To predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients diagnosed with OC using mitochondrial genes and neural *** Prognosis,immunotherapy efficacy,and next-generation sequencing data of patients with OC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression *** genes were sourced from the MitoCarta3.0 *** discovery cohort for model construction was created from 70% of the patients,whereas the remaining 30% constituted the validation *** the expression of mitochondrial genes as the predictor variable and based on neural network algorithm,the overall survival time and immunotherapy efficacy(complete or partial response)of patients were *** In total,375 patients with OC were included to construct the prognostic model,and 26 patients were included to construct the immune efficacy *** average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prognostic model was 0.7268[95% confidence interval(CI):0.7258-0.7278]in the discovery cohort and 0.6475(95%CI:0.6466-0.6484)in the validation *** average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the immunotherapy efficacy model was 0.9444(95%CI:0.8333-1.0000)in the discovery cohort and 0.9167(95%CI:0.6667-1.0000)in the validation *** The application of mitochondrial genes and neural networks has the potential to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with OC,providing valuable insights into personalized treatment strategies.

关键词： Ovarian cancer Mitochondria Prognosis Immunotherapy Neural network