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Monascus purpureus M-32 fermented soybean meal improves the growth, immunity parameters, intestinal morphology, disease resistance, intestinal microbiota and metabolome in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 283-296页

作者： pan Wang Shanshan Wang Chuanzhong Zhu Yunzhang Sun Qingpi yan Ganfeng Yi Fisheries College Jimei University Key Laboratory of Aquatic Functional Feed and Environmental Regulation of Fujian Province Fujian DBN Aquatic Sci.&Tech. Co. Ltd. Fantastic Victory(Shenzhen)Technological Innovation Group Co. Ltd.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Monascus purpureus M-32 fermented soybean meal（MFSM） on growth, immunity, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal metabolome of Pacific white shrimp（Litopenaeus vannamei）. Four groups of diets were formulated, including control group（30% fish meal and 30% soybean meal [SBM] included in the basal diet） and three experimental groups which MFSM replaced 20%（MFSM20）, 40%（MFSM40）, and 60%（MFSM60） of SBM in control group, respectively. Results showed that the soluble proteins larger than 49 k Da in MFSM were almost completely degraded. Meanwhile, the crude protein, acid-soluble protein, and amino acid in MFSM were increased. The results of shrimp culture experiment showed that the replacement of SBM with MFSM decreased FCR（P < 0.001） and content of malondialdehyde（P = 0.007） in the experimental groups, and increased weight gain rate（P = 0.006）, specific growth rate（P = 0.002）, survival rate（P = 0.005）, intestinal villus height（P < 0.001）, myenteric thickness（P = 0.002）, the activities of superoxide dismutase（P = 0.002）, and lysozyme（P = 0.006） in experimental groups, as well as increased content of calcium(Ca2+) and phosphorus（■） in blood and muscle, and enhanced resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. The gut microbiota of MFSM groups was significantly different from that of the control group,and the abundance of Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased significantly in the MFSM60 group,whereas Proteobacteria and Firmicutes decreased. Compared with the control group, there were significant changes in the levels of several intestinal metabolites in the MFSM60 group, including leukotriene C5, prostaglandin A1, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, carnosine, and itaconic acid. The fermentation of SBM by the strain M. purpureus M-32 has the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of SBM,promote the growth of L. vannamei, boost immune response, improve intestinal morphology and microbiota compos

关键词： Monascus purpureus Fermented soybean meal Litopenaeus vannamei Intestinal microbiota Metabolome

Recent advances in Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2891-2912页

作者： Zhi-Qi Jiang Cheng-Zhen Fan Jun-Yu pan Li Shao Hao Chen Erum Pervaiz yan Dong Tong-Zhou Wang Xue-Rong Zheng Ji-hong Li Yi-Da Deng School of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou570228Chin Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME)National University of Sciences&Technology(NUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071Chin

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is a kinetically harsh four-electron anode reaction that requires a large overpotential to provide current and is of great importance in renewable electrochemical ***/Rubased perovskite oxides hold great significance for application as OER electrocatalysts,due to that their multimetal-oxide forms can reduce the use of noble metals,and their compositional tunability can modulate the electronic structure and optimize OER ***,high operating potentials and corrosive environments pose a serious challenge to the development of durable Ir-based and Ru-based perovskite *** efforts have been dedicated to improving the Ir/Ru-based perovskite activity to enhance the efficiency;however,progress in improving the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts has been rather *** this review,the recent research progress of Ir/Ru-based perovskites is reviewed from the perspective of heteroatom doping,structural modulation,and formation of *** dissolution mechanism studies of Ir/Ru and experimental attempts to improve the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts are *** and outlooks for further developing Ru-and Irbased perovskite oxygen electrocatalysts are also presented.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Ir/Ru-based perovskites Stability Electrocatalysts

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苯酚在改性活性炭上的脱附活化能

华南理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2006年第12期34卷 72-77页

作者：潘红艳李忠夏启斌奚红霞华南理工大学传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室广东广州510640

探讨了金属离子改性活性炭对苯酚脱附活化能的影响.通过浸渍法分别将6种金属离子负载在活性炭表面,应用程序升温脱附技术测定了苯酚在系列改性活性炭上的脱附活化能,应用软硬酸碱理论分析和讨论了活性炭表面负载不同金属离子对苯酚脱附... 详细信息

探讨了金属离子改性活性炭对苯酚脱附活化能的影响.通过浸渍法分别将6种金属离子负载在活性炭表面,应用程序升温脱附技术测定了苯酚在系列改性活性炭上的脱附活化能,应用软硬酸碱理论分析和讨论了活性炭表面负载不同金属离子对苯酚脱附活化能的影响.结果表明,苯酚在A l(Ⅲ)/AC、Mg(Ⅱ)/AC、Fe(Ⅲ)/AC、Ca(Ⅱ)/AC上的脱附活化能高于其在原始活性炭上的脱附活化能,而它在Ag(Ⅰ)/AC、Cu(Ⅱ)/AC上的脱附活化能低于其在原始活性炭上的脱附活化能.根据软硬酸碱理论分类,苯酚属硬碱.在活性炭表面分别负载硬酸类金属离子Al3+、Mg2+、Fe3+和Ca2+,会增大活性炭表面的局部硬酸度,提高对苯酚的吸附能力;Ag+属软酸,负载Ag+离子降低了活性炭表面的局部硬酸度,从而降低了其对苯酚的吸附能力;Cu2+离子属交界酸,负载Cu2+离子降低了活性炭表面的交界酸度,也在一定程度上减少了表面对苯酚的吸附能力.

关键词：活性炭苯酚负载金属离子程序升温脱附软硬酸碱理论

Mechanism of local solidification time variations with melt rate during vacuum arc remelting process of 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 377-388页

作者： Tao pan hong-chun Zhu Zhou-hua Jiang Hua-bing Li Rui Zhang Hao Feng School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina

A 2D axisymmetric numerical model was established to investigate the variations of molten pool with different melt rates during the vacuum arc remelting of 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel,and the ingot growth was simulated by dynamic mesh *** results show that as the ingot grows,the molten pool profile changes from shallow and flat to V-shaped,and both the molten pool depth and the mushy width ***,the variation of both the molten pool shape and the mushy width melt rate is clarified by the thermal equilibrium *** melt rate increases,both the molten pool depth and the mushy width *** is caused by the increment in sensible heat stored in the ingot due to the limitation of the cooling capacity of the *** nonlinear increment in sensible heat leads to a nonlinear increase in the mushy *** addition,as melt rate increases,the local solidification time(LST)of ingot decreases obviously at first and then *** melt rate is controlled in a suitable range,LST is the lowest and the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the ingot is the smallest,which can effectively improve the compactness degree of 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel.

关键词： 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel Vacuum arc remelting process Melt rate Molten pool Local solidification time

Strategies for flame-retardant polymer electrolytes for safe lithiumbased batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8754-8771页

作者： Xiao Ma yang Lu Yu Ou Shuaishuai yan Wenhui Hou pan Zhou Kai Liu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The advancement of lithium-based batteries has spurred anticipation for enhanced energy density,extended cycle life and reduced capacity ***,these benefits are accompanied by potential risks,such as thermal runaway and explosions due to higher energy ***,liquid organic electrolytes are the predominant choice for lithium batteries,despite their limitations in terms of mechanical strength and vulnerability to *** development of polymer electrolytes,with their high Young’s modulus and enhanced safety features,offers a potential solution to the drawbacks of traditional liquid *** these advantages,polymer electrolytes are still susceptible to burning and *** address this issue,researchers have conducted extensive studies to improve their flame-retardant properties from various *** review provides a concise overview of the thermal runaway mechanisms,flame-retardant mechanisms and electrochemical performance of polymer *** also outlines the advancements in flame-retardant polymer electrolytes through the incorporation of various additives and the selection of inherently flame-retardant *** review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of flame-retardant polymer electrolytes and serve as a guide for future research in this field.

关键词： lithium batteries polymer electrolyte thermal runaway flame-retardant additives energy storage materials

以胶原蛋白为例浅述古蛋白质组学研究现状与未来

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古生物学报 2023年第2期62卷 321-332页

作者：李鑫泮燕红南京大学地球科学与工程学院关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心南京210023

蛋白质作为参与构建生物体的重要生物大分子,是生物功能与代谢的物质基础,同时蛋白质的序列信息又源自生物的遗传编码信息,因此是认识生物演化本质的重要研究对象。近年来,随着质谱技术的发展,获取生物化石中的古蛋白质序列信息不再遥... 详细信息

蛋白质作为参与构建生物体的重要生物大分子,是生物功能与代谢的物质基础,同时蛋白质的序列信息又源自生物的遗传编码信息,因此是认识生物演化本质的重要研究对象。近年来,随着质谱技术的发展,获取生物化石中的古蛋白质序列信息不再遥不可及,这为在形态学与DNA序列信息缺乏的条件下对古生物的认识提供了一条新途径。胶原蛋白(Collagen)在动物骨骼中极为丰富,又因为其特殊的结构,易于在化石中保存,故已成为古蛋白质组学研究的重要对象。本文将以胶原蛋白为例,对古蛋白质组学现有的研究方法与已经取得的研究成果进行总结,并对古蛋白质组学目前面临的挑战与困难及未来研究趋势进行讨论,旨在展示古蛋白质组学的应用潜力,并探讨其在生物演化研究中的意义。

关键词：古蛋白质组学胶原蛋白生物演化 ZooMS 鸟枪法

A passive wireless surface acoustic wave(SAW)sensor system for detecting warfare agents based on fluoroalcohol polysiloxane film

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 67-78页

作者： Yong pan Cancan yan Xu Gao Junchao yang Tengxiao Guo Lin Zhang Wen Wang State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civil Beijing 102205China Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The School of Electronic Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Long-term monitoring of environmental warfare agengts is a challenge for chemical gas *** address this issue,we developed a 433 MHz passive wireless surface acoustic wave(WSAW)gas sensor for dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)*** WSAW gas sensor includes a YZ lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3))substrate with metallic interdigital transducers(IDTs)etched on it,and an antenna was placed near the IDT.A DMMP-sensitive viscoelastic polymer fluoroalcoholpolysiloxane(SXFA)film was prepared on a LiNbO_(3) substrate,and mode modeling coupling was used to optimize the design *** sensor can function properly in an environments between−30℃ and 100℃ with humidity less than 60%*** the wireless transmission distance was within the range of 0-90 cm,the sensor noise increased with distance,and the stability was less than 32°/*** optimizing the film thickness of SXFA,a relationship was observed between sensor sensitivity and film *** the film thickness of SXFA reached 450 nm,the optimal value was *** a distance of 20 cm between the transmitting and receiving antennas,DMMP was detected at different concentrations with the developed WSAW gas *** lower detection limit of DMMP was 0.48 mg/m^(3),the sensitivity of the sensor was 4.63°/(mg/m^(3)),and repeatable performance of the sensor was confirmed.

关键词： film alcohol passive

SpikingMiniLM: energy-efficient spiking transformer for natural language understanding

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 115-128页

作者： Jiayu ZHANG Jiangrong SHEN Zeke WANG Qinghai GUO Rui yan Gang pan Huajin TANG College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence Zhejiang University Collaborative Innovation Center of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang University Advanced Computing and Storage Laboratory Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration Zhejiang University

In the era of large-scale pretrained models, artificial neural networks（ANNs） have excelled in natural language understanding（NLU） tasks. However, their success often necessitates substantial computational resources and energy consumption. To address this, we explore the potential of spiking neural networks（SNNs） in NLU——a promising avenue with demonstrated advantages, including reduced power consumption and improved efficiency due to their event-driven characteristics. We propose the SpikingMiniLM,a novel spiking Transformer model tailored for natural language understanding. We first introduce a multi-step encoding method to convert text embeddings into spike trains. Subsequently, we redesign the attention mechanism and residual connections to make our model operate on the pure spike-based paradigm without any normalization technique. To facilitate stable and fast convergence, we propose a general parameter initialization method grounded in the stable firing rate principle. Furthermore, we apply an ANN-to-SNN knowledge distillation to overcome the challenges of pretraining SNNs. Our approach achieves a macro-average score of 75.5 on the dev sets of the GLUE benchmark, retaining 98% of the performance exhibited by the teacher model MiniLMv2. Our smaller model also achieves similar performance to BERTMINIwith fewer parameters and much lower energy consumption, underscoring its competitiveness and resource efficiency in NLU tasks.

关键词： spiking neural networks natural language understanding spiking Transformer spike-based attention multi-step encoding ANN-to-SNN distillation

Fabricating a smart clothing system based on strain-sensing yarn and novel stitching technology for health monitoring

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 587-596页

作者： TANG Jian WU YuTing MA ShiDong ZHANG YuMin XU RuoJie yan Tao pan ZhiJuan College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Suzhou 215123China

Various yarn-shaped flexible strain sensors have recently been ***,research is lacking on additive manufacturing for smart clothing for integrating yarn sensors with commercial ***,a strain-sensing yarn is sewn into a piece of fabric through a novel stitching technique,and the influence of the stitching method and needle pitch on the sensing performance is investigated using finite element analysis(FEA).The sensing performance could be improved when the sensing yarn is self-locked in the fabric at the needle eyes,and the needle pitch was reduced to 0.5 cm,which is attributed to the enhanced stress and strain ***,the composite sensing fabric featured outstanding performance,including a low detection limit(0.1%),rapid response(280 ms),excellent durability(10000 cycles),and high stability(negligible drift and frequency independence).In addition,the remarkable wear resistance,washability,and anti-interference to ambient humidity and perspiration were ***,the optimal stitch trace lengths of sensing yarn for detecting elbow motion,breathing,and heartbeats are ***,a smart clothing system composed of smart clothing,data acquisition unit,and mobile APP was developed to simultaneously detect human movement and physiological *** work provides a reference to produce intelligent garments based on yarn sensors for health monitoring.

关键词： strain-sensing yarn composite sensing fabric smart clothing system stitching technology health monitoring