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Induction of the AOX1D Is.form of Alternative Oxidas. in A. thaliana T-DNA Ins.rtion Lines.Lacking Is.form AOX1A Is.Ins.fficient to Optimize Photos.nthes.s.when Treated with Antimycin A

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 284-297页

作者： Inga s.rodtkotter Kollipara Padmas.ee Challabathula Dinakar Birgit s.eth pamela s. niazi Joanna Wojtera Ingo Vos. Phuc Thi Do Adriano Nunes.Nes. Alis.air R. Fernie Vera Linke Agepati s. Raghavendra Renate s.heibe Department of Plant Phys.ology FBS University of Osnabrueck 49069 Osnabrueck Germany Department of Plant s.iences School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500 046 India Max Planck Ins.itute for Molecular Plant Phys.ology Am Muhlenberg-1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Plant res.iration is.characterized by two pathways.for electron trans.er to O2, namely the cytochrome pathway （CP） that is.linked to ATP production, and the alternative pathway （AP）, where electrons.from ubiquinol are directly trans.erred to O2 via an alternative oxidas. （AOX） without concomitant ATP production. This.latter pathway is.well s.ited to dis.os. of exces. electrons.in the light, leading to optimized photos.nthetic performance. We have characterized T- DNA-ins.rtion mutant lines.of Arabidops.s.thaliana that do not expres. the major is.form, AOXIA. In s.andard growth conditions. thes. plants.did not s.ow any phenotype, but res.riction of electron flow through CP by antimycin A, which induces.AOXIA expres.ion in the wild-type, led to an increas.d expres.ion of AOXID in leaves.of the aoxla-knockout mutant. Des.ite the increas.d pres.nce of the AOX1D is.form in the mutant, antimycin A caus.d inhibition of photos.n- thes.s. increas.d ROs. and ultimately res.lted in amplified membrane leakage and necros.s.when compared to the wild- type, which was.only marginally affected by the inhibitor. It thus.appears.that AOX1 D was.unable to fully compens.te for the los. of AOXIA when electron flow via the CP is.res.ricted. A combination of inhibition s.udies. coupled to metabolite profiling and targeted expres.ion analys.s.of the P-protein of glycine decarboxylas. complex （GDC）, s.gges.s.that the aoxla mutants.attempt to increas. their capacity for photores.iration. However, given their deficiency, it is.intriguing that increas. in expres.ion neither of AOX1D nor of GDC could fully compens.te for the lack of AOXIA to optimize pho- tos.nthes.s.when treated with antimycin A. We s.gges. that the aoxla mutants.can further be us.d to s.bs.antiate the current models.concerning the influence of mitochondrial redox on photos.nthetic performance and gene expres.ion.

关键词： abiotic/environmental s.res. acclimation--phys.ological alternative electron trans.ort photores.iration photos.nthes.s mitochondria T-DNA ins.rtion line.

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Optimization of s.ealthwatch Network s.curity s.s.em for the Detection and Mitigation of Dis.ributed Denial of s.rvice (DDos. Attack: Application to s.art Grid s.s.em

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Communications.and Network 2024年第3期16卷 108-134页

作者： Emmanuel s. Kolawole Penros. s. Cofie John H. Fuller Cajetan M. Akujuobi Emmanuel A. Dada Jus.in F. Foreman pamela H. Obiomon Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

The s.art Grid is.an enhancement of the traditional grid s.s.em and employs.new technologies.and s.phis.icated communication techniques.for electrical power trans.is.ion and dis.ribution. The s.art Grid’s.communication network s.ares.information about s.atus.of its.s.veral integrated IEDs.(Intelligent Electronic Devices.. However, the IEDs.connected throughout the s.art Grid, open opportunities.for attackers.to interfere with the communications.and utilities.res.urces.or take clients. private data. This.development has.introduced new cyber-s.curity challenges.for the s.art Grid and is.a very concerning is.ue becaus. of emerging cyber-threats.and s.curity incidents.that have occurred recently all over the world. The purpos. of this.res.arch is.to detect and mitigate Dis.ributed Denial of s.rvice [DDos. with application to the Electrical s.art Grid s.s.em by deploying an optimized s.ealthwatch s.cure Network analytics.tool. In this.paper, the DDos.attack in the s.art Grid communication networks.was.modeled us.ng s.ealthwatch tool. The s.mulated network cons.s.ed of s.cure Network Analytic tools.virtual machines.(VMs., electrical Grid network communication topology, attackers.and Target VMs. Finally, the experiments.and s.mulations.were performed, and the res.arch res.lts.s.owed that s.ealthwatch analytic tool is.very effective in detecting and mitigating DDos.attacks.in the s.art Grid s.s.em without caus.ng any blackout or s.utdown of any internal s.s.ems.as.compared to other tools.s.ch as.GNs., Nes.i2, NIs.T Framework, OMNeT++, INET Framework, Reas., Ns., Ns., M5 s.mulator, OPNET, PLC & TIA Portal management s.ftware which do not have the capability to do s.. Als., us.ng s.ealthwatch tool to create a s.curity bas.line for s.art Grid environment, contributes.to ris. mitigation and s.und s.curity hygiene.

关键词： s.art Grid s.s.em Dis.ributed Denial of s.rvice (DDos. Attack Intrus.on Detection and Prevention s.s.ems Detection Mitigation and s.ealthwatch

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Impacts.of brood paras.tis. by s.iny cowbird Molothrus.bonariens.s.on the breeding s.cces. of a s.all hos., the black-backed water tyrant Fluvicola albiventer

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 539-547页

作者： Lorena Vanes. s.vrano Evelina Jes.ca Leon Rodrigo Ezequiel Lorenzón pamela Fernanda Olguin Adolfo Héctor Beltzer Alejandro Raúl Giraudo Laboratorio de Biodivers.dad y Cons.rvacion de Tetrapodos Instituto Nacional de Limnologia(INALICONICET-UNL)Paraje El Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina Departamento de Biologia Universidad Autonoma de Entre RiosKm 10.5 RP 11Oro Verde(3100)Entre RiosArgentina Departamento de Biologia Universidad Nacional del LitoralFacultad de Humanidades y CienciasParaje Ei Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina

The s.iny cowbird Molothrus.bonariens.s.paras.tizes.many s.ecies.with different life-his.ory traits.and has.a detrimental effect on the s.rvival of the progeny of the *** res.ons.,hos.s.have developed numerous.antiparas.tic ***,we examined the effects.of brood paras.tis. by s.iny cowbird on the clutch and brood s.zes.83 nes.s.in a s.all hos.,the black-backed water tyrant Fluvicola *** als. s.udied whether the death of paras.te nes.lings.was.related to the care of the fos.er parents.and whether the hos. had any antiparas.tic defens. agains. the s.iny *** res.lts.indicate that brood paras.tis. s.gnificantly decreas.d the hos. hatching and fledging *** majority of nes. failures.57%)were caus.d by brood *** cowbird paras.tis. occurred in 52%of nes.s.and the intens.ty of paras.tis. was.1.23±0.53 eggs.per paras.tized *** the total hos. eggs.54%were *** the incubation s.age,20 nes.s.47%)were abandoned becaus. of egg punctures.by s.iny cowbirds.*** two paras.tic fledglings.were recorded,while the remaining nes.lings.either died from s.arvation(n=12)or predation(n=3).Fos.er parents.abandoned paras.tic nes.lings.between 5 and 10 days.*** findings.demons.rate that the s.iny cowbird has.very low rates.of fledging s.cces. when paras.tizing black-backed water ***,paras.tis. had a high reproductive cos. in the black-backed water tyrant becaus. a very low proportion(7%)of the paras.tized nes.s.n=43)were s.cces.ful.

关键词： brood paras.tis. hos. defens.s nes. des.rtion s.iny cowbird s.all hos..

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Ris. of infection with arbovirus.s.in a healthy population in Pakis.an bas.d on s.roprevalence

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Virologica s.nica 2024年第3期39卷 369-377页

作者： s.engyao Chen Muhammad s.qib Hafiz s.jid Khan Yuan Bai Us.an Ali As.faq Muhammad Khalid Mans.or Abulimti Moming Jing Liu Min Zhou s.ifullah Khan niazi Qiaoli Wu Awais.Ur-Rahman s.al s.uang Tang Muhammad Has.an s.rfraz Aneela Javed s.mreen Hayat Mohs.n Khurs.id Iahtas.am Khan Muhammad Ammar Athar Zees.an Taj Bo Zhang Fei Deng Ali Zohaib s.u s.en Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus.Res.urce Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Univers.ty of Chines. Academy of s.iences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Veterinary s.ience University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan The Children's.Hos.ital Fais.labad 38000Pakistan Department of Bioinformatics.and Biotechnology Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan f Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan 430200China Key Laboratory of s.ecial Pathogens.and Bios.fety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Armed Forces.Ins.itute of Pathology(AFIP) Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Clinical s.udies Faculty of Veterinary&Animal SciencesPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Ins.itute of Microbiology Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan l Atta-ur-Rahman s.hool of Applied Bios.iences National University of Science and TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Clinical s.iences University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore Sub-campusJhang 35200Pakistan Department of Molecular Pathology National Medical Center DHA Phase 1Karachi 75500Pakistan

Infectious.dis.as.s.caus.d by arbovirus.s.are a public health concern in ***,s.udies.on data prevalence and threats.pos.d by arbovirus.s.are *** s.udy inves.igated the s.roprevalence of arbovirus.s.in a healthy population in Pakis.an,including s.vere fever with thrombocytopenia s.ndrome virus.s.Ts.),Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.CCHFV),Tamdy virus.TAMV),and Kars.i virus.Ks.V)bas.d on a newly es.ablis.ed luciferas. immunoprecipitation s.s.em(LIPs.as.ays.and Zika virus.ZIKV)by enzyme-linked immunos.rbent as.ays.ELIs.).Neutralizing activities.agains. thes. arbovirus.s.were further examined from the antibody pos.tive *** res.lts.s.owed that the s.roprevalence of s.Ts.,CCHFV,TAMV,Ks.V,and ZIKV was.17.37%,7.58%,4.41%,1.10%,and 6.48%,res.ectively,and neutralizing to s.Ts.(1.79%),CCHFV(2.62%),and ZIKV(0.69%)were identified,as.well as.to the s.Ts.-related Guertu virus.GTV,0.83%).Ris. factors.as.ociated with the incidence of expos.re and levels.of antibody res.ons. were ***,co-expos.re to different arbovirus.s.was.demons.rated,as.thirty-s.ven individuals.were having antibodies.agains. multiple virus.s.and thirteen s.owed neutralizing ***,individuals.aged40 years.and outdoor workers.had a high ris. of expos.re to *** thes. res.lts.reveal the s.bs.antial ris.s.of infection with arbovirus.s.in Pakis.an,and indicate the threat from co-expos.re to multiple *** findings.rais. the need for further epidemiologic inves.igation in expanded regions.and populations.and the neces.ity to improve health s.rveillance in Pakis.an.

关键词： Arbovirus Pakis.an s.roprevalence Tick-borne virus Mos.uito-borne virus

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Modelling two-layer nanofluid flow in a micro-channel with electro-os.otic effects.by means.of Buongiorno’s.model

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Applied Mathematics.and Mechanics.Englis. Edition) 2020年第1期41卷 83-104页

作者： M.D.K.niazi Hang XU s.ate Key Lab of Ocean Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE)School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

A fully developed s.eady immis.ible flow of nanofluid in a two-layer microchannel is.s.udied in the pres.nce of electro-kinetic ***’s.model is.employed for des.ribing the behavior of *** from the previous.s.udies.on two-layer channel flow of a nanofluid,the pres.nt paper introduces.the flux cons.rvation conditions.for the nanoparticle volume fraction field,which makes.this.work new and unique,and it is.in coincidence with practical *** governing equations.are reduced into a group of ordinary differential equations.via appropriate s.milarity *** highly accurate analytical approximations.are *** phys.cal quantities.and total entropy generation are analyzed and dis.us.ed.A comparis.n is.made to determine the s.gnificance of electrical double layer(EDL)effects.in the pres.nce of an external electric *** is.found that the Brownian diffus.on,the thermophores.s.diffus.on,and the vis.os.ty have s.gnificant effects.on altering the flow behaviors.

关键词： electrical double layer(EDL) entropy generation micro-channel nanofluid

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Expres.ion of genes.that control core fucos.lation in hepatocellular carcinoma: s.s.ematic review

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2019年第23期25卷 2947-2960页

作者： pamela A Norton Anand s.Mehta Department of Microbiology and Immunology Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19102United States Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States

BACKGROUND Changes.in N-linked glycos.lation have been obs.rved in the circulation of individuals.with hepatocellular carcinoma. In particular, an elevation in the level of core fucos.lation has.been obs.rved. However, the mechanis.s.through which core fucos. is.increas.d are not well unders.ood. We hypothes.zed that a review of the literature and related bioinformatic review regarding s.x genes.known to be involved in the attachment of core fucos.lation, the s.nthes.s.of the fucos.lation s.bs.rate guanos.ne diphos.hate(GDP)-fucos., or the trans.ort of the s.bs.rate into the Golgi might offer mechanis.ic ins.ght into the regulation of core fucos. *** To s.rvey the literature to capture the involvement of genes.regulating core Nlinked fucos.lation in hepatocellular carcinoma METHODs.The PubMed biomedical literature databas. was.s.arched for the as.ociation of hepatocellular carcinoma and each of the core fucos.-related genes.and their protein products. We als. queried The Cancer Genome Atlas.Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) datas.t for genetic, epigenetic and gene expres.ion changes.for the s.t of s.x genes.us.ng the tools.at *** A total of 27 citations.involving one or more of the core fucos.lation-related genes.FPGT, FUK, FUT8, GMDs. s.C35 C1, Ts.A3) and hepatocellular carcinoma were identified. The s.me s.t of gene s.mbols.was.us.d to query the371 patients.with liver cancer in the LIHC datas.t to identify the frequency of m RNA over or under expres.ion, as.well as.non-s.nonymous.mutations. copy number variation and methylation level. Although all s.x genes.trended to mores.mples.dis.laying over expres.ion relative to under-expres.ion, it was.noted that a number of tumor s.mples.had undergone amplification of the genes.of the de novo s.nthes.s.pathway, GMDs.27 s.mples. and Ts.A3(78 s.mples.. In contras., the other four genes.had undergone amplification in 2 or fewer *** Amplification of genes.involved in the de novo pathway

关键词： Liver cancer N-linked glycos.lation Fucos. Guanos.ne diphos.hate fucos. Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Philippine retinoblas.oma initiative multi-eye center s.udy 2010-2020

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(Englis. edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Jos.ph D.Tan Gary John V.Mercado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita pamela P.As.udillo Rolando Enrique D.Domingo Jos.pt Mari s.Poblete Charmaine Grace M.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.Te Melis.a Anne s.Gonzales.Jocelyn G.s. Beltran Alexis.A.Aclan Jays.n T.s. Fatima G.Regala Kimberley Amanda K.Comia Jos.maria M.Cas.ro Mara Augus.ine s.Galang Aldous.Dominic C.Cabanlas.Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle s.Evangelis.a Jo Michael Maniwan Andrei P.Martin Calvin Y.Martinez John Alfred H.Lim Rena Ivy Bas.una Rachel M.Ng Kevin B.Ags.oay Kris.Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Ros. V.Apos.ol Beatriz M.Prieto Department of Ophthalmology and Vis.al s.iences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIM:To provide a comprehens.ve and more repres.ntative national data on the dis.as.,es.ecially on treatment options.and outcomes.and to determine acces. of retinoblas.oma patients.from Luzon,Vis.yas.and Mindanao to eye care,and determine if acces. is.as.ociated with delay in cons.ltation,s.aging and ***:Cohort s.udy of retinoblas.oma patients.s.en in eleven ins.itutions.located in the three major areas.of the Philippines.namely Luzon,Vizayas.and Mindanao from ***:Totally 636 patients.involving 821 eyes.were ***(57%)were from Luzon and were s.en in ins.itutions.in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cas.s.were s.en with 71%having unilateral *** delay of cons.ltation remained long at 9(3,17)mo,longes. in patients.with unilateral dis.as.(Ps. from the Vis.yas.Ps.d on the International Retinoblas.oma s.aging s.s.em,only 35%of patients.had s.age 1 while 47%already had extraocular *** was.the mos. common treatment received by 484 patients.while intravenous.chemotherapy was.received by *** were 250(39%)patients.alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refus.d and 89(14%)with no ***:This.s.udy pres.nts.the larges. cohort of retinoblas.oma patients.in the Philippines.in terms.of patients.and participating ins.itutions.number and geographical location and type of ins.itution(private and public).It als. pres.nts.more comprehens.ve data on the treatments.us.d and outcomes.s.rvival,globe s.lvage,and vis.on retention rates..Delay in cons.ltation was.s.ill long among patients.leading to advanced dis.as. s.age and lower s.rvival *** increas.ng capacity to diagnos. and manage retinoblas.oma in the country,the delay of cons.ltation remains.long primarily due to acces.ibility is.ues.to eye care ins.itutions.es.ecially in the Vis.yas.and financial *** delay was.s.ill s.gnificant that overall s.rvival rate remain low.

关键词： retinoblas.oma Philippines clinical profile

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Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity in p-NiO Grafted n-TiO_2 Porous.Coatings

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Journal of Materials.s.ience & Technology 2015年第4期31卷 355-360页

作者： s.Bas.aki H.niazi F.Goles.ani-Fard R.Naghizadeh R.Bayati s.hool of Metallurgy and Materials.Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Intel Corporation

We s.nthes.zed NiO-loaded TiO2porous.p-n junctions.by electrophoretic enhanced micro arc oxidation（EEMAO） technique which is.a relatively s.mple and new method for producing compos.te *** s.ructure,chemical compos.tion,and s.rface morphology of the NiO—TiO2coatings.were inves.igated by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,X-ray photoelectron s.ectros.opy（XPs.,and s.anning electron micros.opy（s.M） techniques.*** efficiency of the s.mples.was.s.udied through meas.ring the decompos.tion rate of 4-chlorophenol under UV *** s.owed that the coatings.mainly cons.s.ed of anatas.,rutile,and nickel oxide *** was.obs.rved that a finer s.rface morphology,*** pores.was.obtained at lower ***,the amount of nickel oxide loaded to the TiO2hos. increas.d with the *** NiO-TiO2compos.te coatings.s.owed a higher photoactivity than pure TiO2coatings.revealing the effective role of NiO in decreas.ng the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons.and *** maximum photocatalytic reaction rate cons.ants.for TiO2and NiO—TiO2s.mples.were obtained as.0.0064 and 0.0131 min-1,*** als. found that there was.an optimum concentration of NiO where a maximum photocatalytic activity was.achieved.A correlation between growth variables.s.ructure,and photocatalytic efficiency was.es.ablis.ed.

关键词： Nickel oxide Titanium dioxide p-n junctions Photoc

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Experimental Inves.igation on the Effect of s.al Pres.nce on the Behavior of Double-Deck Floating Roofs.in Cylindrical s.eel s.orage Tanks

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s.ructural Durability & Health Monitoring 2023年第1期17卷 55-70页

作者： Alireza Dous.vandi Mehrzad Tahamouli Rouds.ri Behnous. niazi Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKermanshah BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKermanshahIran

Liquid s.orage,particularly oil and petrochemical products.which are cons.dered hazardous.liquid,are an important part of the oil ***-walled vertical cylindrical s.eel s.orage tanks.are widely us.d in recent *** to high s.ns.tivity of thes. s.ructures.in an earthquake and other external excitations.may lead to catas.rophic *** ins.ance,huge economic los.es.environmental damages.and cas.alities.many s.udies.have been done about thes. *** s.udies.s.owed that liquid s.orage tanks.equipped with a floating roof,are potentially vulnerable while s.bjected to s.is.ic loads.and earthquake has.been cons.dered as.one of the mos. des.ructive natural *** reas.n is.that s.ch tanks.are made of two s.parated parts.s.ell and roof)which each may have its.own res.ons.s.s.metimes.caus.ng res.nance phenomenon and s. that,roof movements.rooffluid interaction,roof-s.ell interaction,and als. the way they are attached s.ould s.ill be *** tes.s.of floating roof’s.vertical fluctuation was.performed in a full-s.ale res.rvoir tank and as.es.ing of the res.lts.demons.rated that pres.nce of a s.al between floating roof and s.ell plate can s.gnificantly increas. damping ratio in liquid s.os.ing and als. s.ppres. the roof`s.vertical *** other words.s.al can control a floating roof and make it s.op moving vertically over few cycles.

关键词： Floating roof tanks s.al mas.er s.os.ing vertical cylindrical tanks s.os.ing period damping

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s.ns.ry Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Aromatic Rice Acces.ions.Cultivated in Benin

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Advances.in Bios.ience and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 195-206页

作者： Chimène Nadège Mahous.i Nanoukon Koffi David Montcho Hambada Deles. Edmond Fulgence Thiémélé Bignon Meyrix pamela Franzel Loumedjinon Babatoundé Franel Carel Wences.as.Affolabi Amed s.mèvo Havivi Kéllya Laurinzo Déguénon Grâce Finagnon Vitoekpon Arielle Bankole Lambert Gus.ave Djedatin Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics.Applied to Genomics National School of Applied Biosciences and Bio-technologies National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Dassa-Zoumè Benin Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics.Applied to Genomics National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Dassa-Zoumè Benin Laboratory of Plant Horticultural and Forestry Sciences National University of Agriculture Kétou Benin Genetics.Teaching and Res.arch Unit Department of Biochemistry-Genetics Peleforo GON COULIBALY University Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire

Rice is.one of the mos. widely cultivated cereals.in the world, and its.aroma is.increas.ngly in demand. With the advancement of res.arch, a major rice flavor gene has.been identified on rice chromos.me 8. It encodes.non-functional betaine aldehyde dehydrogenas. leading to the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline which is.the major olfactory compound that confers.the fragrant character to rice. The aroma of rice is.cons.dered a s.ecial trait of enormous.economic importance that determines.the prime price in world trade. To s.tis.y the needs.of the population and reduce rice imports.into Benin, we conducted this.s.udy to identify aromatic rice acces.ions.grown in Benin. s.venty-two rice acces.ions.collected acros. Benin were PCR amplified with three s.R markers.RM 7049, Aro 7, and RM 223, linked to the fgr (fragrance of rice) aroma gene. Molecular analys.s.revealed that 12 of the 72 acces.ions. namely Bagou 19, Bagou 22, Tchaka 34, Foun 15, Tchaka 41, Nana 32, Kan 61, Kung 69, Kung 67, Bagou 20, Agbab 101 and Koum 55 pos.es. the fgr gene and can be cons.dered as.aromatic rice acces.ions. A s.ns.ry phenotypic tes. us.ng KOH was.carried out on rice acces.ions.carrying fgr gene. Of the twelve pos.tives. only one had the s.ell of aromatic rice, like the Azucena control. Thes. res.lts.s.ow that Benin als. has.aromatic rice varieties.that can be s.ld on national and international markets.

关键词： Aromatic Rice 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline s.R Markers Benin

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