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On the formation and use of calibration equations in nutritionalepidemiology–Discussion of the Paper by *** and ***

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2018年第1期2卷 11-13页

作者： Laurence S.Freedman pamela A.Shaw Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research Tel HashomerIsrael Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Prentice and Huang(2018)provide an interesting review of the current and future challenges facing the field of nutritional *** fully concur with their stress on the importance of statistical concepts and methods in meeting these *** welcome the opportunity here to expand in two directions on the approaches suggested in their review:first,to show that in implementing their approach extra statistical steps may be required;and second to highlight some dangers of misuse of the estimator,^(-)x(t),of true dietary intake that is central to their approach.

关键词： steps directions estimator

Enterolithiasis-associated ileus in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第42期18卷 6160-6163页

作者： Alexander Perathoner pamela Kogler Christian Denecke Johann Pratschke Reinhold Kafka-Ritsch Matthias Zitt Department of Visceral Transplant and Thoracic SurgeryCenter of Operative MedicineMedical University of Innsbruck6020 InnsbruckAustria

Stasis of the flow of the intestinal contents,ingested material and unfavorable composition of the chylus can lead to the formation of enteroliths inside the *** represents a rare disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that can be associated with intermittent abdominal pain or more serious complications such as bleeding or *** in Crohn' s disease represents an extremely rare condition and usually occurs only in patients with a long symptomatic history of Crohn's *** report an unusual case of enterolithiasis-related intestinal obstruction in a young male patient with Crohn's disease(A2L3B1 Montreal Classification for Crohn's disease 2005) undergoing emergency laparotomy and ileocoecal *** addition,we present an overview of the relevant characteristics of enterolithiasis on the basis of the corresponding literature.

关键词： Crohn's disease Enterolithiasis Ileus Inflammatory bowel disease Obstruction

Art making and expressive art therapy in adult health and nursing care:A scoping review

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 102-119,I0007页

作者： Heli Vaartio-Rajalin Regina Santamaki-Fischer pamela Jokisalo Lisbeth Fagerstrom Health Sciences Åbo Akademi UniversityVasaFinland Bachelor of Healthcare/Nursing Novia University of Applied SciencesÅboFinland Health Sciences University of South-Eastern NorwayKongsbergNorway

Objectives:While receptive art engagement is known to promote health and wellbeing,active art engagement has not been fully explored in health and nursing *** review is to describe the existing knowledge on art making and expressive art therapy in adult health and nursing care between 2010 and ***:Relevant studies and grey literature were searched and identified between March 17 and April 10,2020 from EBSCO,CINAHL,Medline and ERIC databases and a general Internet *** data charting and extraction,the data(n=42 papers)were summarized and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR ***:In the included papers,both art making and expressive art therapy were seen in different health care and nursing contexts:yet not the home care *** emphasis of art activities were group activities for chronically or terminally ill residents,adults aged 65 years or older.A focus on personal narrative was often seen,which may explain why art activities appear to be linked to acknowledging and building new strengths and skills,making meaning of experiences,personal growth,symptom alleviation,and communication;all used to foster collaboration between patients,patients’near-ones and health care ***:Art activities appear to be suitable for every context and can promote personcenteredness and the measurement of nursing outcomes,and they should be considered an essential part of health and nursing care,nursing education and care for health care personnel.

关键词： Adult Aged Art making Art therapy Health care Nursing care Person-centered care

The role of extracellular matrix in age-related conduction disorders： a forgotten player？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第1期12卷 76-82页

作者： Cristiano Spadaccio Alberto Rainer pamela Mozetic Marcella Trombetta Robert A Dion RaffaeleBarbato Francesco Nappi Massimo Chello Department of Cardiac Surgery Zieken Huis Oost-Limburg (ZOL) Campus' St. Jan 6 Schiepse Bos Genk 3600 Belgium Tissue Engineering Laboratory Center for Integrated Research Universith Campus Bio-Medico di Roma Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome 00128 Italy Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery Center for integrated Research Universita Campus Bio-Medico di Roma Via Alvaro del Portillo 200 Rome 00128 Italy Cardiac Surgery Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint-Denis 36 Rue des Moulins Gemeaux Saint-Denis Paris 93200 France

Cardiovascular aging is a physiological process gradually leading to structural degeneration and functional loss of all the cardiac and vascular components. Conduction system is also deeply influenced by the aging process with relevant reflexes in the clinical side. Age-related arrhythmias carry significant morbidity and mortality and represent a clinical and economical burden. An important and unjustly unrecognized actor in the pathophysiology of aging is represented by the extracellular matrix （ECM） that not only structurally supports the heart determining its mechanical and functional properties, but also sends a biological signaling regulating cellular function and maintaining tissue homeostasis. At the biophysical level, cardiac ECM exhibits a peculiar degree of anisotropy, which is among the main determinants of the conductive properties of the specialized electrical conduction system. Age-associated alterations of cardiac ECM are therefore able to profoundly affect the function of the conduction system with striking impact on the patient clinical conditions. This review will focus on the ECM changes that occur during aging in the heart conduction system and on their translation to the clinical scenario. Potential diagnostic and therapeutical perspectives arising from the knowledge on ECM age-associated alterations are further discussed.

关键词： Ageing Arrhythmia Cardiac Conduction system Extracellular matrix

Relationship between oxidative stress and hepatic glutathione levels in ethanol-mediated apoptosis of polarized hepatic cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2609-2616页

作者： Benita L McVicker pamela L Tuma Kusum K Kharbanda Serene ML Lee Dean J Tuma Liver Study Unit Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Biology The Catholic University of America Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center

AIM： To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in ethanol-mediated cell death of polarized hepatic （WlF-B） cells.METHODS： In this work, WIF-B cultures were treated with pyrazole （inducer of cytochrome P4502E1, CYP2E1） and/or L-buthionine sulfoximine （BSO）, a known inhibitor of hepatic glutathione （GSH）, followed by evaluation of ROS production, antioxidant levels, and measures of cell injury （apoptosis and necrosis）.RESULTS： The results revealed that ethanol treatment alone caused a significant two-fold increase in the activation of caspase-3 as well as a similar doubling in ROS. When the activity of the CYP2E1 was increased by pyrazole pretreatment, an additional two-fold elevation in ROS was detected. However, the CYP2EIrelated ROS elevation was not accompanied with a correlative increase in apoptotic cell injury, but rather was found to be associated with an increase in necrotic cell death. Interestingly, when the thiol status of the cells was manipulated using BSO, the ethanol-induced activation of caspase-3 was abrogated. Additionally, ethanol-treated cells displayed enhanced susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis that was blocked by GSH depletion as a result of diminished caspase-8 activity.CONCLUSION： Apoptotic cell death induced as a consequence of ethanol metabolism is not completely dependent upon ROS status but is dependent on sustained GSH levels,

关键词： WIF-B cells Alcohol Fas/CD95 Glutathi-one Caspase

Down-regulation of IL-8 expression in human airway epithelial cells through helper-dependent adenoviral-mediated RNA interference

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Cell Research 2005年第2期15卷 111-119页

作者： Bernard MARTIN,David R.KOEHLER,pamela L.ZEITLIN,A.Keith TANAWELL,Jim HU Programme in Lung Biology Research and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Lung Development Hospitalfor Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8 Programme in Lung Biology Research and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Lung Development Hospitalfor Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8 Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada M5S 1A1 Departments of Pediatrics The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA. Programme in Lung Biology Research and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Lung Development Hospitalfor Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8Department of Paediatrics University of Toronto Toronto Canada M5S 1A1 Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada M5S 1A1 Programme in Lung Biology Research and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Lung Development Hospitalfor Sick Children Toronto Canada M5G 1X8Department of Paediatrics University of Toronto Toronto Canada M5S 1A1 Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada M5S 1A1

Interleukin (IL)-8 is a potent neutrophil chemotactic factor and a crucial mediator in neutrophil-dependent *** cell types produce IL-8, either in response to external stimuli such as cytokines or bacterial infection, or aftermalignant transformation. Anti-IL-8 strategies have been considered for anti-inflammatory therapy. In this paper wedemonstrate that the RNA interference technique can be used to efficiently down-regulate IL-8 protein expression inairway epithelial cells. We used a helper-dependent adenoviral vector to express a small hairpin (sh)RNA targetinghuman IL-8 in cultured airway epithelial cells (IB3-1, Cftr-/-; C38, Cftr-corrected) stimulated with TNF-α, IL-1β orheat-inactivated Burkholderia cenocepacia. Stimulated IL-8 expression in IB3-1 and C38 cells was significantly reducedby shRNA expression. The shRNA targeting IL-8 had no effect on the activation of NF-κB, or on the protein levels ofIκB or IL-6, suggesting that this anti-IL-8 strategy was highly specific, and therefore may offer potential for thetreatment of inflammatory diseases.

关键词： Interleukin-8 RNA interference helper-dependent adenoviral vector inflammation chemokine neutrophil cystic fibrosis.

Anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oils of Cymbopogon validus(Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy from Eastern Cape, South Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第5期9卷 415-419页

作者： pamela Rungqu Opeoluwa Oyedeji Benedicta Nkeh-Chungag Sandile Songca Oluwatobi Oluwafemi Adebola Oyedeji Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Agriculture University of Fort Hare Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Walter Sisulu University Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Walter Sisulu University Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Johannesburg

Objective: To evaluate the essential oil composition and the anti-inflammatory activity of Cymbopogon validus(C. validus) leaves and flowers. Methods: A total of 300 g of fresh or dry(leaves and flowers) of C. validus were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydro-distillation method for approximately 5 h using the Clevenger apparatus. The extracted essential oils were then used for testing the anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by using egg-albumin induced paw edema. Results: The extracted oils had the following yields 2.2% for fresh leaves, 2.0% for dry leaves and 2.4% v/w for dry flowers. GCMS results revealed that the oils contained artemisia ketone(37.5%), linalool(3.2%-29.6%), northujane(4.4%-16.8%), verbenone(13.5%), naphthalene(1.7%-9.6%), δ-cadinene(0.5%-8.1%), hedycaryol(5.4%-7.6%) and α-eudesmol(6.5%-6.7%) as the major constituents. C. validus essential oils showed significant(P<0.05) anti-inflammatory effects from the first 30 min after albumin injection compared to aspirin which had a later onset of effect. Conclusions: The findings of this study show that the essential oil extracted from C. validus fresh or dry leaves and flowers have anti-inflammatory properties; that might be associated with the major components and the minor components found in the essential oils.

关键词： Cymbopogon validus Essential oils Anti-inflammation Artemisia ketone Linalool Egg albumin-induced edema

The role of Smad7 in oral mucositis

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Protein & Cell 2015年第3期6卷 160-169页

作者： Li Bian Gangwen Han Carolyn W. Zhao pamela J. Garl Xiao-Jing Wang Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 650032 China Department of Pathology University of Colorado Anschutz. Medical Campus Aurora CO 80203 USA Department of Dermatology The Second Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250033 China

Oral mucositis, a severe oral ulceration, is a common toxic effect of radioor chemoradio-therapy and a limiting factor to using the maximum dose of radiation for effective cancer treatment. Among cancer patients, at least 40% and up to 70%, of individuals treated with standard chemotherapy regimens or upper-body radiation, develop oral mucositis. To date, there is no FDA approved drug to treat oral mucositis in cancer patients. The key challenges for oral mucositis treatment are to repair and protect ulcerated oral mucosa without promoting cancer cell growth. Oral mucositis is the result of complex, multifaceted pathobiology, involving a series of signaling pathways and a chain of interactions between the epithelium and submucosa. Among those pathways and interactions, the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） is critical to the inflamma- tion process of oral mucositis. We recently found that activation of TGFβ （transforming growth factor β） signaling is associated with the development of oral mucositis. Smad7, the negative regulator of TGFβ signaling, inhibits both NF-KB and TGFβ activation and thus plays a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis by attenuating growth inhibition, apoptosis, and inflammation while promoting epithelial migration. The major objective of this review is to evaluate the known functions of Smad7, with a particular focus on its molecular mechanisms and its function in blocking multiple pathological processes in oral mucositis.

关键词： Smad7 oral mucositis cancer TGFβ,NF-κB

Erythropoietin modulates bone marrow stromal cell differentiation

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 272-285页

作者： Sukanya Suresh Luis Fernandez de Castro Soumyadeep Dey pamela G. Robey Constance Tom Noguchi Molecular Medicine Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Skeletal Biology Section National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

Erythropoietin is essential for bone marrow erythropoiesis and erythropoietin receptor on non-erythroid cells including bone marrow stromal cells suggests systemic effects of erythropoietin. Tg6 mice with chronic erythropoietin overexpression have a high hematocrit, reduced trabecular and cortical bone and bone marrow adipocytes, and decreased bone morphogenic protein 2 driven ectopic bone and adipocyte formation. Erythropoietin treatment(1 200 IU·kg–1) for 10 days similarly exhibit increased hematocrit,reduced bone and bone marrow adipocytes without increased osteoclasts, and reduced bone morphogenic protein signaling in the bone marrow. Interestingly, endogenous erythropoietin is required for normal differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells to osteoblasts and bone marrow adipocytes.ΔEpoR_E mice with erythroid restricted erythropoietin receptor exhibit reduced trabecular bone, increased bone marrow adipocytes, and decreased bone morphogenic protein 2 ectopic bone formation. Erythropoietin treated ΔEpoR_E mice achieved hematocrit similar to wild-type mice without reduced bone, suggesting that bone reduction with erythropoietin treatment is associated with non-erythropoietic erythropoietin response. Bone marrow stromal cells from wild-type,Tg6, and ΔEpoR_E-mice were transplanted into immunodeficient mice to assess development into a bone/marrow organ. Like endogenous bone formation, Tg6 bone marrow cells exhibited reduced differentiation to bone and adipocytes indicating that high erythropoietin inhibits osteogenesis and adipogenesis, while ΔEpoR_E bone marrow cells formed ectopic bones with reduced trabecular regions and increased adipocytes, indicating that loss of erythropoietin signaling favors adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenesis. In summary, endogenous erythropoietin signaling regulates bone marrow stromal cell fate and aberrant erythropoietin levels result in their impaired differentiation.

关键词： bone marrow adipocyte normal differentiation