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Role of inflammatory response in liver diseases: Therapeutic strategies

World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 1-7页

作者： José A Del Campo paloma gallego Lourdes Grande Department of Digestive Diseases Valme University Hospital and CIBERehd

Inflammation and tumorigenesis are tightly linked pathways impacting cancer development. Inflammasomes are key signalling platforms that detect pathogenic microorganisms, including hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection, and sterile stressors(oxidative stress, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity) able to activate pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and IL-18. Most of the inflammasome complexes that have been described to date contain a NOD-like receptor sensor molecule. Redox state and autophagy can regulate inflammasome complex and, depending on the conditions, can be either pro-or antiapoptotic. Acute and chronic liver diseases are cytokinedriven diseases as several proinflammatory cytokines(IL-1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6) are critically involved in inflammation, steatosis, fibrosis, and cancer development. NLRP3 inflammasome gain of function aggravates liver disease, resulting in severe liver fibrosis and highlighting this pathway in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. On the other hand, HCV infection is the primary catalyst for progressive liver disease and development of liver cancer. It is well established that HCV-induced IL-1β production by hepatic macrophages plays a critical and central process that promotes liver inflammation and disease. In this review, we aim to clarify the role of the inflammasome in the aggravation of liver disease, and how selective blockade of this main pathway may be a useful strategy to delay fibrosis progression in liver diseases.

关键词： Caspase-1 Fibrosis Hepatitis C virus Inflammasome Interleukin-1α Interleukin-1β Liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NLRP3 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

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Differential response of injured and healthy retinas to syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation of a clonal cell line of immortalized olfactory ensheathing glia:a double-edged sword

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2395-2407页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz María Portela-Lomba paloma Sobrado-Calvo Diana Simón Johnny Di Pierdomenico Alejandro gallego-Ortega Mar Pérez JoséMCabrera-Maqueda Javier Sierra Manuel Vidal-Sanz María Teresa Moreno-Flores Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaSpain Experimental Sciences Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain Anatomy Histology and Neuroscience DepartmentMedicine FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Center of Neuroimmunology Service of NeurologyLaboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological DiseasesHospital Clínic of BarcelonaInstitut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)and Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Medicine Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain

Olfactory ensheathing glia promote axonal regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system,including retinal ganglion cell axonal growth through the injured optic ***,it is unknown whether olfactory ensheathing glia also have neuroprotective *** ensheathing glia express brain-derived neurotrophic factor,one of the best neuroprotectants for axotomized retinal ganglion ***,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective capacity of olfactory ensheating glia after optic nerve *** ensheathing glia cells from an established rat immortalized clonal cell line,TEG3,were intravitreally injected in intact and axotomized retinas in syngeneic and allogeneic mode with or without microglial inhibition or immunosuppressive *** and gene expression analyses were *** bulb-derived primary olfactory ensheathing glia and TEG3 express major histocompatibility complex classⅡ*** and syngenically transplanted TEG3 cells survived in the vitreous for up to 21 days,forming an *** axotomized retinas,only the allogeneic TEG3 transplant rescued retinal ganglion cells at 7 days but not at 21 *** these retinas,microglial anatomical activation was higher than after optic nerve crush *** intact retinas,both transplants activated microglial cells and caused retinal ganglion cell death at 21 days,a loss that was higher after allotransplantation,triggered by pyroptosis and partially rescued by microglial inhibition or ***,neuroprotection of axotomized retinal ganglion cells did not improve with these *** different neuroprotective properties,different toxic effects,and different responses to microglial inhibitory treatments of olfactory ensheathing glia in the retina depending on the type of transplant highlight the importance of thorough preclinical studies to explore these variables.

关键词： cell therapy immune recognition major histocompatibility complex class II(MHCII) neuroprotection olfactory ensheathing glia retinal ganglion cells

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Hydrogels for neuroprotection and functional rewiring: a new era for brain engineering

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 783-789页

作者： Rocío Fernández-Serra Rebeca gallego paloma Lozano Daniel González-Nieto Center for Biomedical Technology Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. MadridSpain Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería ETSI TelecomunicacionesUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) MadridSpain

The neurological devastation of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases reinforces our perseverance to find advanced treatments to deal with these fatal ***-performance preclinical results have failed at clinical level,as it has been the case for a wide variety of neuroprotective agents and cell-based therapies employed to treat high prevalent brain pathologies such as stroke,Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** unquestionable reality is the current absence of effective therapies to neuroprotect the brain,to arrest neurodegeneration and rewire the impaired brain *** of the problem might arise from the lack of adequate in vitro and in vivo models and that most of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet *** contributing factor is the lack of efficient systems to sustain drug release at therapeutic concentrations and enhance the survival and function of grafted cells in transplantation *** medical applications the use of biomaterials of different compositions and formats has experienced a boom in the last *** the greater complexity of central nervous system has probably conditioned their extensive use with respect to other organs,the number of biomaterials-based applications to treat the injured brain or in the process of being damaged has grown ***-based biomaterials have constituted a turning point in the treatment of cerebral disorders using a new form of advanced *** show mechanical properties in the range of cerebral tissue resulting very suitable for local implantation of drugs and *** is also possible to fabricate three-dimensional hydrogel constructs with adaptable mesh size to facilitate axonal guidance and *** this article,we review the current trends in this area highlighting the positive impact of hydrogel-based biomaterials over the exhaustive control of drug delivery,cell engraftment and axonal reinnervation in brain p

关键词： advanced therapies Alzheimer’s disease biomaterials brain hydrogels neurological diseases Parkinson’s disease polymers stroke

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