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The Comparative Performance of Nutrient-Film Technique and Deep-Water Culture Method of Hydroponics for GREENBOX Technology

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 1108-1120页

作者： Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith George Paul Buss paige Ann Carroll Xiusheng Yang John L. Griffis Jr. Galen Papkov Sarah Bauer Kathryn Jackson Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Marine and Earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA Independent Researcher Alexandria VA USA

With the rising pressures on food security, GREENBOX technology was developed as an avenue for fresh leafy vegetable crop production in urban settings. GREENBOX units were designed to be thermally insulated and climate controlled, with an artificial lighting source that utilized soilless cultivation techniques. Previous studies conducted on GREENBOX technology used the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT);however, various hydroponic methods exist, such as the Deep-Water Culture (DWC) method being the most used. The APS Laboratory for Sustainable Food at Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) compared the crop growth performance between DWC and NFT systems using GREENBOX technology. The following study monitored environmental conditions and compared productivity and biomass data of Rex Butterhead Lettuce crops between DWC and NFT systems. We assembled two GREENBOX units using commercially available materials and the standard nutrient solution for fertigation. The crops grown in DWC and NFT were in a 4 × 6 configuration. The DWC and NFT systems were used to grow Lettuce Lactuca sativa “Rex Butterhead” over 30 days to full bloom from prepared plugs grown for 14 days. We collected environmental data including Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD, μmol/m2∙s), Daily Light Integral (DLI, mol/ m2∙d), temperature (˚C), relative humidity (%), and Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD, kPa). We collected lettuce crop growth data, which included wet weight (g), dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and chlorophyll concentration (μmol/m2). We derived data, including the Specific Leaf Area (SLA, cm2/g) and biomass productivity (kg/m2), from previously collected data. We used descriptive statistics to present the collected data. A paired t-test was performed to understand the differences in biomass and productivity parameters between the DWC and NFT-grown lettuce crops. Both the DWC and NFT-grown crops could grow lettuce crops to harvest weight at full bloom. Observed data demonstra

关键词： Controlled Environment Agriculture Food Insecurity GREENBOX Hydroponics Lettuce

The Comparative Performance of Soil-Based Systems with Hydroponics

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 1087-1097页

作者： paige Ann Carroll George Paul Buss Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith Xiusheng Yang John L. Griffis Jr. Galen Papkov Sarah Bauer Kathryn Jackson Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Marine and Earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA Independent Researcher Alexandria VA USA

Conventional soil-based agriculture is resource-intensive, utilizing large amounts of land and water, thereby placing a strain on Earth’s natural resources. Soil-based agricultural techniques create environmental issues such as soil degradation, deforestation, and groundwater pollution from the mass implementation of fertilizers and pesticides. Agricultural crop production using hydroponics has shown promise to be less resource intensive and provide a faster turnaround in crop production. Soilless cultivation using hydroponics promises to relieve some pressure on Earth’s ecosystems and resources by utilizing lesser land and water footprint. The APS Laboratory for Sustainable Food at Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) compared the growth of Lettuce Lactuca sativa “Rex Butterhead” crop grown using soil and soilless methods to analyze the growth performance in each setting. Crops grown in the soil-based medium were raised in the FGCU Food Forest, used a mix of soil and potting mix, watered regularly, and followed standard Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Crops grown hydroponically were grown in a thermally insulated grow tent with an artificial lighting source, ventilation, environmental controls, and the Deep-Water Culture (DWC) method. Lettuce plugs were grown for 15 days in controlled environments until two leaves after the cotyledons had developed and were ready for transplant. Plugs were transplanted into a 4 × 6 matrix at the FGCU Food Forest and the DWC growth system. Crops were grown to full bloom and ready for harvest in the soil (60 days) and soilless (30 days) based setups. We collected crop growth data, including wet weight (g), dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and chlorophyll concentration (μmol/m2). From the collected data, we derived the Specific Leaf Area (SLA, cm2/g) and biomass productivity (kg/m2). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the collected and derived data. We investigated the slopes of regression lines for each growth curve

关键词： Controlled Environment Agriculture Hydroponics Lettuce Soilless Agriculture Urban Agriculture

The Assessment of Growth Performance of Brassica rapa var. chinensis ‘Li Ren Choi’, Spinacia oleracea ‘Auroch’, Eruca sativa ‘Astro’, and Brassica rapa var. japonica Using GREENBOX Technology

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1222-1237页

作者： George Paul Buss paige Ann Carroll Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith Xiusheng Yang John L. Griffis Jr. Galen Papkov Sarah Bauer Kathryn Jackson Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Marine and Earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA Independent Researcher Alexandria VA USA

Obtaining nutritious food is becoming increasingly difficult due to the growing urban population and the degradation of soil, water, and air from mechanized and industrialized agricultural techniques. More than half the global population resides in urban areas, with not enough surrounding agricultural land to meet food requirements. Food traveling long distances, an average of 1020 miles, has resulted in increased food miles for the average food item in the United States of America, representing wasted resources. The novel GREENBOX technology was invented in response to increasing pressures on food security. Previous studies conducted on GREENBOX technology assessed the technical feasibility of utilizing Lettuce Lactuca sativa ‘Rex Butterhead’. We at the APS Laboratory for Sustainable Food at Florida Gulf Coast University assessed the technical feasibility of growing different leafy green vegetable crops. GREENBOX technology consists of thermally insulated climate-controlled enclosures, an artificial lighting source, a soilless cultivation method (hydroponics), and environmental control modules. We assembled two GREENBOX units to assess the environmental conditions and growth performance of Brassica rapa var. chinensis ‘Li Ren Choi’, Spinach Spinacia oleracea ‘Auroch’, Arugula Eruca sativa ‘Astro’, and Mizuna Brassica Brassica rapa var. japonica. Plugs were cultivated and then transplanted in a randomized manner to the nutrient film technique (NFT) channels, subsequently grown for 30 days to full bloom and ready for harvest. Fertigation was carried out using a standard concentration nutrient solution. Crops were arranged in twelve blocks of four species each. We collected environmental data including daily light integral (DLI, mol/m2∙d), temperature (˚C), relative humidity (%), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD, kPa). Collected biomass data included wet weight (g), dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and chlorophyll concentration (mg/cm2). We then derived the Specific Leaf Area (SLA, c

关键词： Controlled Environment Agriculture Food Insecurity GREENBOX Hydroponics Lettuce

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警报尚未解除美国小银行还在苦苦挣扎

商业周刊（中文版） 2023年第9期 28-29页

作者： paige Smith Max Reyes Jonnelle Marte 永年(译) 不详

2008年危机爆发后,政府从悬崖边缘拯救下来的金融巨头被认为“太大而不能倒”。政策制定者和监管机构专注于制定各种规则,以确保这些银行更安全地运营。与此同时,在人们的视线之外,另一个问题正在形成:如果一些银行因为规模太小而无法... 详细信息

2008年危机爆发后,政府从悬崖边缘拯救下来的金融巨头被认为“太大而不能倒”。政策制定者和监管机构专注于制定各种规则,以确保这些银行更安全地运营。与此同时,在人们的视线之外,另一个问题正在形成:如果一些银行因为规模太小而无法蓬勃发展,该怎么办?

关键词：金融巨头政策制定者太大而不能倒监管机构银行

Probing the subcellular nanostructure of engineered human cardiomyocytes in 3D tissue

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 133-140页

作者： Josh Javor Jourdan K.Ewoldt paige E.Cloonan Anant Chopra Rebeccah J.Luu Guillaume Freychet Mikhail Zhernenkov Karl Ludwig Jonathan G.Seidman Christine E.Seidman Christopher S.Chen David J.Bishop Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA SMI Beamline 12-ID Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

The structural and functional maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes(hiPSC-CMs)is essential for pharmaceutical testing,disease modeling,and ultimately therapeutic use.Multicellular 3D-tissue platforms have improved the functional maturation of hiPSC-CMs,but probing cardiac contractile properties in a 3D environment remains challenging,especially at depth and in live tissues.Using small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)imaging,we show that hiPSC-CMs matured and examined in a 3D environment exhibit a periodic spatial arrangement of the myofilament lattice,which has not been previously detected in hiPSC-CMs.The contractile force is found to correlate with both the scattering intensity(R^(2)=0.44)and lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.46).The scattering intensity also correlates with lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.81),suggestive of lower noise in our structural measurement than in the functional measurement.Notably,we observed decreased myofilament ordering in tissues with a myofilament mutation known to lead to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).Our results highlight the progress of human cardiac tissue engineering and enable unprecedented study of structural maturation in hiPSC-CMs.

关键词： cardiac cardiomyocytes spacing

A Proposed Framework for Optimised Utilisation of Materials for Low Volume Roads Using the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2021年第1期11卷 14-36页

作者： Michael Pinard Philip paige-Green Jon Hongve Estime Mukandila Infra Africa Consultants Gaborone Botswana Department of Civil Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Independent Consultant Tjome Norway Real Baobab (Pty) Ltd Pretoria South Africa

In order to minimise the cost of constructing low volume roads (LVRs), it is essential that optimum use is made of locally available, naturally occurring materials. However, conflicts often arise between material acceptability, as defined by conventional test methods and specifications, and material suitability in terms of actual engineering performance as a “fit-for-purpose” road construction material. To avoid such conflicts, it is crucial to adopt appropriate test methods and specifications for selecting construction materials. This paper presents a materials evaluation framework for optimizing the utilisation of materials in LVR pavements based on the use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). This approach enables materials to be selected on the basis of their “fitness-for-purpose”. It avoids suitable materials from being rejected based on one or other of the traditionally specified parameters not being complied with, even though their strength, as measured by the DCP penetration rate (DN value in mm/blow) of the soil, may be adequate. Investigations of the properties of a wide range of locally available materials that have been used successfully in the construction of LVRs have confirmed the validity of the materials evaluation framework.

关键词： Low Volume Roads Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Materials Fit-for-Purpose

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英国苏格兰天空岛的恐龙“大脚印”

化石 2022年第3期31卷 10-12页

作者：陈新宇 paige DePolo Steve Brusatte 张华川 Martin Qvarnstrom 自然资源实物地质资料中心英国爱丁堡大学地球科学学院瑞典乌普萨拉大学生物系进化生物学中心

从古脊椎动物学角度来说,英国苏格兰高地的天空岛恐龙脚印是非常特别的,它们是大约1.68-1.70亿年前中侏罗世在这里行走恐龙留下来的脚印化石。天空岛发现的众多恐龙脚印化石是目前英国已知的为数众多的恐龙足迹动物群之一,具有很高的国... 详细信息

从古脊椎动物学角度来说,英国苏格兰高地的天空岛恐龙脚印是非常特别的,它们是大约1.68-1.70亿年前中侏罗世在这里行走恐龙留下来的脚印化石。天空岛发现的众多恐龙脚印化石是目前英国已知的为数众多的恐龙足迹动物群之一,具有很高的国际知名度。

关键词：古脊椎动物学国际知名度英国苏格兰动物群中侏罗世恐龙脚印天空

The Role of a Pre-Fine Needle Aspiration Clinic in Improving the Quality of Thyroid Nodule Investigation in Saskatchewan

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Open Journal of Radiology 2020年第1期10卷 23-34页

作者： paige Baldwin Terra Arnason Niomi Singh Robert Otani Gary Groot College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Surgery University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Radiology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

Background: The Canadian province of Saskatchewan introduced a pre-fine needle aspiration (FNA) clinic to review adherence of referrals for thyroid biopsy based on the guidelines of the American College of Radiology’s (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) scoring system. The intention is to minimize low-yield biopsy rates by improving the quality of thyroid nodule investigation in Saskatchewan through this clinic. TI-RADS is a malignancy risk scoring system for thyroid nodules based on five sonographic characteristics: composition, echogenicity, shape, margin, and echogenic foci (calcium). Recommendations for intervention or clinical follow-up are further determined by the size of the nodule. Methods: Through a retrospective chart review of all thyroid biopsy referrals to the Royal University Hospital (RUH) in Saskatchewan between 22 March 2016 and 17 May 2018, the impact of the multidisciplinary pre-FNA clinic on appropriate thyroid biopsies in Saskatchewan was evaluated. Results: This study evaluated 252 referrals, 203 of which underwent FNA and 23 which received surgical biopsy. TI-RADS scores appended to thyroid biopsy referrals increased upon pre-FNA clinic initiation, yet score quality did not improve. Rates of malignant biopsies were lower than ACR-reporting suggesting inappropriate biopsy of low risk nodules perhaps by overcalling the TI-RADS score. The majority of FNA cytology matched final surgical pathology, with 78% of indeterminate FNAs being malignant, and all non-diagnostic FNAs being benign. Conclusions: The implementation of the pre-FNA clinic reduced the number of thyroid biopsies in Saskatchewan by 11% overall.

关键词： Thyroid Nodules Thyroid Cancer Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS)

Business driven information systems

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