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Climate change and infectious disease: a review of evidence and research trends

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第3期12卷 89-89页

作者： paige Van de Vuurst Luis E.Escobar Virginia Tech Graduate School Translational BiologyMedicineand Health ProgramBlacksburgVAUSA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens Virginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA Global Change Center Virginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad de La SalleBogotáColombia

Background Climate change presents an imminent threat to almost all biological systems across the globe.In recent years there have been a series of studies showing how changes in climate can impact infectious disease transmission.Many of these publications focus on simulations based on in silico data,shadowing empirical research based on feld and laboratory data.A synthesis work of empirical climate change and infectious disease research is still lacking.Methods We conducted a systemic review of research from 2015 to 2020 period on climate change and infectious diseases to identify major trends and current gaps of research.Literature was sourced from Web of Science and PubMed literary repositories using a key word search,and was reviewed using a delineated inclusion criteria by a team of reviewers.Results Our review revealed that both taxonomic and geographic biases are present in climate and infectious disease research,specifcally with regard to types of disease transmission and localities studied.Empirical investigations on vector-borne diseases associated with mosquitoes comprised the majority of research on the climate change and infectious disease literature.Furthermore,demographic trends in the institutions and individuals published revealed research bias towards research conducted across temperate,high-income countries.We also identifed key trends in funding sources for most resent literature and a discrepancy in the gender identities of publishing authors which may refect current systemic inequities in the scientifc feld.Conclusions Future research lines on climate change and infectious diseases should considered diseases of direct transmission(non-vector-borne)and more research efort in the tropics.Inclusion of local research in low-and middle-income countries was generally neglected.Research on climate change and infectious disease has failed to be socially inclusive,geographically balanced,and broad in terms of the disease systems studied,limiting our capacities to better understand the actual efects o

关键词： Climate change Infectious disease Research trend Systematic review

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Reconstructing landscapes of ungulate parturition and predation using vegetation phenology

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 275-283页

作者： paige VAN DE VUURST Seth A.MOORE Edmund J.ISAAC Yvette CHENAUX-IBRAHIM Tiffany M.WOLF Luis E.ESCOBAR Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Biology and Environment Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior ChippewaGrand PortageMN 55605USA Veterinary Population Medicine University of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Enhanced vegetation index(EVI)data can be used to identify and define the space in which ungulates practice parturition and encounter predation.This study explores the use of EVI data to identify landscapes linked to ungulate parturition and predation events across space,time,and environmental conditions.As a case study,we used the moose population(Alces alces)of northern Minnesota in the USA.Using remotely sensed EVI data rasters and global positioning system collar data,we quantified how vegetation phenology and moose movement shaped the births and predation of 52 moose calves from 2013 to 2020 on or adjacent to the Grand Portage Indian Reservation.The known sources of predation were American black bears(Ursus americanus,n=22)and gray wolves(Canis lupus,n=28).Satellite-derived data summarizing seasonal landscape features at the local level revealed that landscape heterogeneity use by moose can help to quantitatively identify landscapes of parturition and predation in space and time across large areas.Vegetation phenology proved to be differentiable between adult moose ranges,sites of cow parturition,and sites of calf predation.Landscape characteristics of each moose group were consistent and tractable based on environment,suggesting that sites of parturition and predation of moose are predictable in space and time.It is possible that moose selected specific landscapes for parturition despite risk of increased predation of their calves,which could be an example of an"ecological trap."This analytical framework can be employed to identify areas for future ungulate research on the impacts of landscape on parturition and predation dynamics.

关键词： bear EVI moose parturition predation prey vegetation phenology

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Pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 33-40页

作者： Justyna Fydrych Amanda paige Hughes Said Abuhasna Endale Mekonen Department of Pharmacy Advocate Trinity HospitalChicagoIL 60617United States Department of Pharmacy Advocate Aurora HealthChicagoIL 60617United States Department of Critical Care Advocate Trinity HospitalChicagoIL 60617United States Department of Infectious Disease Advocate Trinity HospitalChicagoIL 60617United States

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly contagious viral illness which conventionally manifests with primarily respiratory symptoms and less commonly with cardiac involvement in various forms,such as pericarditis.Myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported in a variety of live and attenuated vaccines,such as smallpox and influenza.As of October 2021,no cases of pericarditis associated with COVID-19 vaccination have been published.We present two healthy male patients who present post COVID-19 vaccination with pericarditis diagnoses.CASE SUMMARY A 21-year-old male with no significant past medical history presented with myalgia,chills,mild headache,and chest pain for two days.Patient received the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine the day prior to symptom onset.On presentation,electrocardiogram(ECG)revealed sinus rhythm with ST elevation,and troponin was elevated.Emergent cardiac catheterization was not significant for abnormalities.The primary diagnosis was acute pericarditis,and the patient was discharged on colchicine and indomethacin.Additionally,a 35-year-old male with no pertinent past medical history presented with fever,chills,weakness,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,and retrosternal chest pain for three days.He received the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine four days prior to symptom onset.On presentation,troponin was elevated,and ECG revealed mild ST elevation.Left ventricular dysfunction with ejection fraction of 41%was reported on transthoracic echocardiogram.Patient was started on ibuprofen and colchicine for diagnosis of myopericarditis.CONCLUSION These case reports highlight a potential unintended consequence,pericarditis,associated with COVID-19 vaccination that may not warrant invasive cardiac intervention.

关键词： Pericarditis Myocarditis COVID-19 COVID-19 vaccine Myopericarditis Case report

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Understanding Durability Problems with Dolerite in Roads in South Africa

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第3期10卷 574-592页

作者： Akhona Futshane Philip paige-Green Joseph K. Anochie-Boateng Smart Mobility Royal HaskoningDHV East London South Africa Department of Civil Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Department of Civil Engineering University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

Dolerite is one of the most widely used road pavement construction materials in South Africa and is classified as a basic crystalline rock. The variable performance of road pavements constructed with such rocks in South Africa has frequently been linked to the durability of the freshly crushed dolerite which can undergo rapid deterioration in service. This poor durability affects the life cycle of the road as they can fail prematurely. The prevailing conditions under which rapid deterioration of dolerite occurred on the road are somewhat contradictory. The objective of this study was to provide insight into what influences rapid deterioration in dolerite when used in the base course of road pavements. The evaluation was completed by conducting surveys, field investigations and laboratory experiments comprising mineralogical analyses and engineering tests. Surveys were done to identify the investigation sites. Field investigations comprise visual condition assessment of road pavement surface and pavement structure using test pits. Field investigations were followed by a sampling of material from the identified investigation sites for laboratory material testing. Laboratory testing included standard engineering soil tests and specialised techniques for mineralogical analysis. Two approaches for durability investigations were followed. For each approach, two samples were used (control sample and investigated sample), and the results of the sample investigated were compared with the control sample results. Findings from both approaches were compared. An interesting finding was that, contrary to conventional wisdom, not all of the dolerites investigated contained discernible smectite contents.

关键词： Dolerite Crushed Stone Road Pavement Climate Deterioration Performance

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In Memoriam:Dr.John M.Laflen

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 485-489页

作者： Dennis C.Flanagan Richard M.Cruse James L.Baker paige Chyu USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Agricultural&Biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation BeijingChina

The soil erosion research and soil and water conservation global community lost a treasured member on November 20,2020,when Dr.John Matthew Laflen(Fig.1)died.Always one with a friendly welcoming smile,John had hundreds of friends,both personally and professionally throughout the world.This article includes many of his professional and scientific contributions,and impacts from his research and outreach activities.

关键词： soil hundreds professional

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The gothic romance wave

The gothic romance wave

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作者： Lori A. paige.

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3D convolutional selective autoencoder for instability detection in combustion systems

能源与人工智能(英文)

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 80-90页

作者： Tryambak Gangopadhyay Vikram Ramanan Adedotun Akintayo paige K Boor Soumalya Sarkar Satyanarayanan R Chakravarthy Soumik Sarkar Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Indian Institute of Technology Madras ChennaiIndia Intel Corporation FolsomCAUSA Raytheon Technologies East HartfordCTUSA

While analytical solutions of critical(phase)transitions in dynamical systems are abundant for simple nonlinear systems,such analysis remains intractable for real-life dynamical systems.A key example is thermoacoustic insta-bility in combustion,where prediction or early detection of the onset of instability is a hard technical challenge,which needs to be addressed to build safer and more energy-efficient gas turbine engines powering aerospace and energy industries.The instabilities arising in combustion chambers of engines are mathematically too complex to model.To address this issue in a data-driven manner instead,we propose a novel deep learning architecture called 3D convolutional selective autoencoder(3D-CSAE)to detect the evolution of self-excited oscillations using spatiotemporal data,i.e.,hi-speed videos taken from a swirl-stabilized combustor(laboratory surrogate of gas turbine engine combustor).3D-CSAE consists of filters to learn,in a hierarchical fashion,the complex visual and dynamic features related to combustion instability from the training videos(i.e.,two spatial dimensions for the image frames and the third dimension for time).We train the 3D-CSAE on frames of videos obtained from a limited set of operating conditions.We select the 3D-CSAE hyper-parameters that are effective for characterizing hierarchical and multiscale instability structure evolution by utilizing the dynamic information available in the video.The proposed model clearly shows performance improvement in detecting the precursors and the onset of instability.The machine learning-driven results are verified with physics-based off-line measures.Advanced active control mechanisms can directly leverage the proposed online detection capability of 3D-CSAE to mitigate the adverse effects of combustion instabilities on the engine operating under various stringent requirements and conditions.

关键词： 3D deep learning Convolutional autoencoder Hi-speed video analytics Combustion instability Gas turbine engines Early detection Instability precursors Physics-based validation

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Neglected tropical diseases risk correlates with poverty and early ecosystem destruction

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 129-129页

作者： Arthur Ramalho Magalhães Cláudia Torres Codeço Jens-Christian Svenning Luis E.Escobar paige Van de Vuurst Thiago Gonçalves-Souza Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation (ECOFUN) Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Scientific Computation Program (PROCC) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE) Department of Biology. Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech Blacksburg USA Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens Virginia Tech Blacksburg USA Translational Biology Medicine and Health Program Virginia Tech Graduate School Blacksburg USA

Background Neglected tropical diseases affect the most vulnerable populations and cause chronic and debilitating disorders.Socioeconomic vulnerability is a well-known and important determinant of neglected tropical diseases.For example,poverty and sanitation could influence parasite transmission.Nevertheless,the quantitative impact of socioeconomic conditions on disease transmission risk remains poorly explored.Methods This study investigated the role of socioeconomic variables in the predictive capacity of risk models of neglected tropical zoonoses using a decade of epidemiological data(2007–2018)from Brazil.Vector-borne diseases investigated in this study included dengue,malaria,Chagas disease,leishmaniasis,and Brazilian spotted fever,while directly-transmitted zoonotic diseases included schistosomiasis,leptospirosis,and hantaviruses.Environmental and socioeconomic predictors were combined with infectious disease data to build environmental and socioenvironmental sets of ecological niche models and their performances were compared.Results Socioeconomic variables were found to be as important as environmental variables in influencing the estimated likelihood of disease transmission across large spatial scales.The combination of socioeconomic and environmental variables improved overall model accuracy(or predictive power)by 10%on average(P<0.01),reaching a maximum of 18%in the case of dengue fever.Gross domestic product was the most important socioeconomic variable(37%relative variable importance,all individual models exhibited P<0.00),showing a decreasing relationship with disease indicating poverty as a major factor for disease transmission.Loss of natural vegetation cover between 2008 and 2018 was the most important environmental variable(42%relative variable importance,P<0.05)among environmental models,exhibiting a decreasing relationship with disease probability,showing that these diseases are especially prevalent in areas where natural ecosystem destruction is on its initial stages and lower when ecosystem

关键词： Disease ecology Ecological niche model Socioecological system Vector-borne diseases Zoonosis Brazil

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Combined Effect of Arsenic and Cadmium on the Transformation of Ferrihydrite into Crystalline Products

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1999年第3期13卷 168-172,713页

作者： Tichang Sun C R paige W J Snodgrass(Resources Engineering School. University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China)(Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7) Resources Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics McMaster University Hamilton Ont. L8S 4L7 Canada

Ferrihydrite, prepared in the presence of different amount of As and Cd in the solution, was used to study the combined effect of As and Cd coexisted in the same system on the transformation of ferrihydrite into crystalline products at pH & and pH 12. The data showed that there was apparent interaction between As and Cd in the transformation process. At pH 8, the transformation product was hematite with 1% As and different percent Cd (mole fraction, so as the follows), but the size of particles formed with different amount of Cd was different. At pH 12, the transformation products varied from sole hematite with 1% As and less than 2% Cd to a mixture of hematite and goethite with more than and equal to 2% Cd, and the percentage of goethite in the transformation products increased with the increasing level of Cd in the system. XRD (X-ray diffraction) and chemical analysis data showed that almost all As and part of Cd initially present in the system were retained in the crystalline products. The presence of As increased the amount of Cd retained in the structure of iron oxide. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) examination showed that the presence of As and Cd also altered the morphology of cry stalline products.

关键词： ferrihydrite arsenic cadmium transformation crystallization

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Nigral dopaminergic neuron replenishment in adult mice through VE-cadherin-expressing neural progenitor cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1865-1869页

作者： Abir A.Rahman Nathan K.Lai Joshua E.Albright paige E.Urquhart Abby R.Webb Brad E.Morrison Department of Biological Sciences Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA Biomolecular Ph.D.Program Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA Department of Biological Sciences Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA

The function of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra is of central importance to the coordination of movement by the brain＇s basal ganglia circuitry. This is evidenced by the loss of these neurons, resulting in the cardinal motor deficits associated with Parkinson＇s disease. In order to fully understand the physiology of these key neurons and develop potential therapies for their loss, it is essential to determine if and how dopaminergic neurons are replenished in the adult brain. Recent work has presented evidence for adult neurogenesis of these neurons by Nestin＋/Sox2 neural progenitor cells. We sought to further validate this finding and explore a potential atypical origin for these progenitor cells. Since neural progenitor cells have a proximal association with the vasculature of the brain and subsets of endothelial cells are Nestin＋, we hypothesized that dopaminergic neural progenitors might share a common cell lineage. Therefore, we employed a VE-cadherin promoter-driven CREERT2：TIlox/Tlox transgenic mouse line to ablate the tyrosine hydroxylase gene from endothelial cells in adult animals. After 26 weeks, but not 13 weeks, following the genetic blockade of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in VE-cadherin＋ cells, we observed a significant reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase＋ neurons in the substantia nigra. The results from this genetic lineage tracing study suggest that dopaminergic neurons are replenished in adult mice by a VE-cadherin＋ progenitor cell population potentially arising from an endothelial lineage.

关键词： nerve regeneration neural progenitor cells adult neurogenesis endothelial cells substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons Parkinson＇s disease mouse model

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