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Bone mineral density and disorders of mineral metabolism in chronic liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3516-3522页

作者： Joe George Hosahithlu K Ganesh shrikrishna Acharya Tushar R Bandgar Vyankatesh shivane Anjana Karvat shobna J Bhatia samir shah padmavathy s menon Nalini shah Department of Endocrinology Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Seth G.S Medical College and KEM Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Jaslok Hospital

AIM:To estimate the prevalence and identify the risk factors for metabolic bone disease in patients with ***:The study was performed on 72 Indian patients with cirrhosis(63 male, 9 female;aged s).Etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholism(n = 37), hepatitis B(n = 25) and hepatitis C(n = 10).Twenty-three patients belonged to Child class A, while 39 were in class B and 10 in class *** causes for metabolic bone disease and osteoporosis were ruled *** exposure, physical activity and dietary constituents were *** metabolic profiles were derived, and bone mineral density(BMD) was measured using dual energy X ray *** BMD was defined as a Z score ***:Low BMD was found in 68% of *** spine was the most frequently and severely affected *** factors for low BMD included low physical activity, decreased sunlight exposure, and low lean body *** intake was adequate, with unfavorable calcium:protein ratio and calcium:phosphorus *** D deficiency was highly prevalent(92%).There was a high incidence of hypogonadism(41%).serum estradiol level was elevated significantly in patients with normal ***-like growth factor(IGF) 1 and IGF binding protein 3 levels were below the age-related normal range in both ***-1 was signiflcantly lower in patients with low *** osteocalcin level was low(68%) and urinary deoxypyridinoline to creatinine ratio was high(79%), which demonstrated low bone formation with high ***:Patients with cirrhosis have low *** factors are reduced physical activity, low lean body mass, vitamin D def iciency and hypogonadism and low IGF-1 level.

关键词：代谢紊乱矿物质骨密度肝病慢性

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Circum-Indian Holocene sea-level database:A repository of distinct relative sea-level plots across the Indian Peninsula

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 1-17页

作者： shradha menon Pankaj Khanna santanu Banerjee REEFs Lab Department of Earth SciencesIIT GandhinagarPalajGandhinagarGujarat382355India Department of Earth sciences IIT BombayPowaiMumbai400076India

The Indian Peninsula is one of the most well-studied regions for Holocene sea-level fluctuations in the world, however, standardized relative sea-level datasets are missing. This study provides an archive of sealevel indicators(n = 162, 20 locations) along the western and the eastern sides of the peninsula, that have been used to develop Relative sea Level(RsL) plots. Each dated sea-level indicator is recalibrated for its elevation based on tidal and tectonic correction, as well as age with reservoir correction, and have been separated into six zones based on coastal geomorphology and number of datasets. The database spans throughout the Holocene and covers sea-level depth/elevations from-45 m to +5 m from mean sea-level(MsL). Approximately 90 % of the dataset range from 8 ka to the present day. The first transgression is highly variable and identified between 8.5-8 ka BP in Gujarat(Zone 1), ~ 5.5 ka BP in Maharashtra(Zone 2), between 8 and 7 ka BP in Tamil Nadu(Zone 4) and between 8 and 7.5 ka BP in the Bengal coasts(Zone 6). No transgression above present sea-level is observed along Andhra Pradesh(Zone 5)(no data for Kerala-Zone 3).Further, Zones 1, 2, 4 and 6 show a strong uplift component(tectonic), whereas Zone 5 exhibits subsidence during the Holocene(Zone 3-insufficient data). Based on these findings, and given the region's coastal topography and tidal components, Zones 6 and 1 will likely undergo the largest coastal inundation, followed by Zones 5, 4, 2, and 3. These insights are critical in planning future coastal inundation measures across the Indian Peninsula.

关键词： Indian ocean Terraces Relative sea level curve Holocene Arabian sea Bay of Bengal

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Does topical vancomycin prevent fracture-related infections in closed fractures undergoing open reduction and internal fixation?A randomised controlled trial

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 71-76页

作者： Mohit Gandhi Gopisankar Balaji Jagdish menon Ruben Raj Thomas Department of Orthopaedics Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherryIndia Department of Preventive and social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherryIndia

Purpose:The role of topical vancomycin in fracture-related infection(FRI)is *** few studies have reported their efficacy in open and high-risk extremity *** study aimed to assess topical vancomycin's role in reducing FRI in closed fractures undergoing open surgical intervention with an ***:This prospective randomized cohort study was carried out between February 2021 to January *** with isolated closed fractures,who were planned for open reduction and internal fixation within 2 weeks from the time of injury were included for this *** data collected included age,gender,socioeconomic status,mechanism of injury,diagnosis,Tscherne classification,and time interval to take up for *** were randomized into the intervention and control groups using the block randomization *** control group received only systemic antibiotic prophylaxis,whereas the intervention group received topical application of vancomycin powder in the surgical wound alongside systemic antibiotic *** primary outcome measure was the incidence of FRI among these *** and radiological findings and culture reports(in cases with infection)were recorded during the post-operative period and at 6 weeks of *** relevant statistical calculations were done using sTATA statistical/data analysis-parallel edition version 16.0(stataCorp LLC).The quantitative variables like age and duration of the surgery were assessed for normalcy by shapiro-Wilk W *** independent samples t-test with equal variances was applied to the age ***'s exact test was used for the analysis of the primary outcome measure(presence of FRI following surgery),and"Risk of FRI"and"Risk difference"between the 2 groups was *** strength of the association between qualitative variables was assessed using the Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests,***:There were 88 patients included in this *** statistical si

关键词： Infections Antibiotics Vancomycin Fractures

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Design of a Biomedical Device to Reduce Anxiety Experienced by Patients Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Biomedical science and Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 57-71页

作者： Madhini Vigneswaran Anjali menon Research Department MEDIC Foundation Vancouver Canada

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that occurs due to loss of nerve cells that produce dopamine in the brain, affecting approximately 4 million people worldwide. PD patients often feel an increase in anxiety levels daily. While there are medications/exercises to help relieve anxiety, there are limited methods to reduce anxiety without the help of a caretaker. As a result, MEDIC Foundation, a non-profit organization in British Columbia, Canada, is designing an automated system that consists of a wristband and an application which uses vi-bration therapy to help reduce anxiety of PD patients. Literature reviews were conducted to document the project’s needs. Phase I of the project focused on de-veloping a prototype for the application and phase II on developing the wrist-band. The team developed prototypes of a wristband that automatically applies vibration near the median nerve as the heart rate variability (HRV) deviates away from the normal threshold of the user, and an application that displays real-time heart rate variability signals as well as provides for relaxation. The development of the prototype is still in early progress. By creating this automated system, we aim to provide a solution to senior PD patients to relieve anxiety independently. .

关键词： Vibration Therapy Healthcare Application Parkinson’s Disease Anxiety Wristband Heart Rate Variability

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Mid-infrared quasi-BIC resonances with sub-wavelength slot mode profiles in germanium-based coupled guided-mode resonance structures

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Photonics Research 2022年第1期10卷 68-75页

作者： A.s.LAL KRIsHNA sRUTI menon AsIsH PROsAD VARUN RAGHUNATHAN Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India

We experimentally demonstrate a novel quasi-bound state in the continuum(BIC) resonance in the mid-infrared wavelength region with the resonant electric field confined as a slot mode within a low-refractive-index medium sandwiched between high-index *** structures studied here comprise coupled amorphous germanium guided-mode resonance(GMR) structures with a top one-dimensional grating layer and bottom uniform layer separated by a low-index silicon nitride *** slot-mode profile within the silicon nitride layer with mode field confinement >30% is achieved as a solution to the electromagnetic wave propagation through the coupled GMR structure with the dominant field component being perpendicular to the *** quasi-BIC resonance in symmetric 1D grating structures can be observed even at normal incidence when considering a realistic excitation beam with finite angular *** measured transmission peak is found to redshift(remain almost unchanged)under classical(full-conical) mounting *** highest quality factor of ~400 is experimentally extracted at normal incidence under a classical mounting condition with a resonance peak at 3.41 μm *** slot-mode GMR structures with appropriately chosen low-index intermediate layers can find applications in resonantly enhanced sensing and active photonic devices.

关键词： mode resonance resonant

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Formation of I1 stacking fault by deformation defect evolution from grain boundaries in Mg

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第10期10卷 2717-2729页

作者： Yong-Jie Hu Vaidehi menon Liang Qi Department of Materials science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA Department of Materials science and Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphia 19104USA

I_(1)stacking faults(sFs)in Mg alloys are regarded as the nucleation sites ofdislocations that are critical for these alloys to achieve high *** it was proposed that the formation of I_(1)sFs requires the accumulations of a large number of vacancies,which are difficult to achieve at low *** this study,molecular dynamics(MD)and molecular statics(Ms)simulations based on empirical interatomic potentials were applied to investigate the deformation defect evolutions from the symmetric tilt grain boundaries(GBs)in Mg and Mg-Y alloys under external loading along-*** results show the planar faults(PFs)on Pyramidal I planes first appear due to the nucleation and glide of(1/2 c+p)partial dislocations from GBs,where p=1/3(1010).These partial dislocations with pyramidal PFs interact with other defects,including pyramidal PFs themselves,GBs,and ppartial dislocations,generating a large amount of I_(1)*** analyses show the nucleation and growth of I_(1)sFs are achieved by atomic shuffle events and deformation defect reactions without the requirements of vacancy *** simulations also suggest the Y clusters at GBs can reduce the critical stress for the formation of pyramidal PFs and I_(1)sFs,which provide a possible reason for the experimental observations that Y promotes thedislocation activities.

关键词： Magnesium alloys I1 stacking faults dislocations Grain boundaries Defect nucleation and evolution Molecular dynamics simulations

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Efficacy of Kegel exercises in preventing incontinence after partial division of internal anal sphincter during anal fistula surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第20期10卷 6845-6854页

作者： Pankaj Garg Vipul D Yagnik Baljit Kaur Geetha R menon sushil Dawka Department of Colorectal surgery Garg Fistula Research InstitutePanchkula 134113HaryanaIndia Department of Colorectal surgery Indus International HospitalMohali 140507PunjabIndia Department of surgical Gastroenterology Nishtha Surgical Hospital and Research CenterPatan 384265GujaratIndia Department of Radiology SSRD Magnetic Resonance Imaging InstituteChandigarh 160011India Department of statistics Indian Council of Medical ResearchNew Delhi 110029India Department of surgery SSR Medical CollegeBelle Rive 744101Mauritius

BACKGROUND The transanal opening of intersphincteric space(TROPIs)procedure,performed to treat complex anal fistulas,preserves the external anal sphincter(EAs)but involves partial incision of the internal anal sphincter(IAs).AIM To ascertain the incidence of incontinence after the division of the IAs as is done in TROPIs and to evaluate whether regular Kegel exercises(KE)in the postoperative period can prevent incontinence due to IAs *** Patients operated on for high complex fistulas and having no preoperative continence problem(score=0)were included in the *** patients were operated on by the TROPIs procedure and were recommended KE(pelvic contraction exercises)50 times/*** were commenced on the 10^(th)postoperative day and continued for 1 *** was evaluated objectively(by modified Vaizey’s scores)in the immediate postoperative period(Pre-KE group)and on long-term follow-up(Post-KE group).The incontinence scores in both groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of *** Of 102 anal fistula patients operated on between July 2018 and July 2020 were included in this *** were 90 males,the mean age was 42.3±12.8,and the median follow-up was 30 mo(18-42 mo).Three patients were lost to *** were 65 recurrent fistulas,92 had multiple tracts,42 had associated abscess,46 had horseshoe fistula and 34 were supralevator *** were magnetic resonance imaging-documented high fistulas(>1/3 EAs involved).Overall incontinence occurred in 31%patients(Pre-KE group)with urge and gas incontinence accounting for the majority of cases(28.3%).The mean incontinence scores in the Pre-KE group were 1.19±1.96(in 31 patients,solid=0,liquid=7,gas=8,urge=24)and in the Post-KE group were 0.26±0.77(in 13 patients,solid=0,liquid=2,gas=3,urge=10)(P=0.00001,t-test).CONCLUsION Division of the IAs led to incontinence,mainly urge incontinence,and also to a mild degree of gas and liquid ***,regular KE led to a significa

关键词： Anal fistula Incontinence Urge Transanal opening of intersphincteric space Kegel exercises Manometry

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LEssER KNOWN MIRACLEs OF BURGERs EQUATION

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Acta Mathematica scientia 2012年第1期32卷 281-294页

作者： Govind menon Division of Applied Mathematics Box FBrown University

This article is a short introduction to the surprising appearance of Burgers equation in some basic probabilistic models.

关键词： Burgers equation random matrix theory kinetic theory Dyson's Brownianmotion Kerov's kinetic equation shock clustering integrable systems

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Validation of Foreground Emission Model using GALEX Medium Observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第6期23卷 228-237页

作者： Nimmi Narayanan shivashankar s.menon N.V.sujatha Department of Physics St.Xavier's College for WomenAluva 683101India Department of Physics Sree Sankara CollegeKaladyErnakulam 683574India CsIs BITS Pilani K.K.Birla Goa CampusZuarinagarGoa 403726India

The study of diffuse ultraviolet(UV)background radiation is vital in the investigation of stellar and galactic ***-based UV observations are comprised of both foreground and background *** foreground emission in an observation is a result of solar contamination in the direction of *** our previous work,we modeled airglow(one of the major constituents of the foreground emission)as a function of10.7 cm solar Flux and sun Angle with great accuracy using GALEX deep *** adopt a similar methodology to validate the obtained model and run equivalent experiments here using far-UV(FUV)and nearUV(NUV)GALEX medium imaging surveys(MIs)with a total exposure time greater than 3300 *** obtained a predictive model having excellent compatibility with the earlier *** analysis shows that the total foreground emission varies between 59 and 295 photon units in FUV whereas in NUV,it varies between 671 and1195 photon units depending upon the date and time of *** also noticed a strong correlation between the background emission and optical depth both in FUV and NUV,especially in the low density *** clearly indicates that the major contributor in diffuse background radiation is the starlight scattered by interstellar dust grains.

关键词： instrumentation:detectors sun:activity ultraviolet:IsM atmospheric effects

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Enhanced Compliant Adhesive Design and Fabrication with Dual-Level Hierarchical structure

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2010年第3期7卷 228-234页

作者： Dan sameoto Carlo menon Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alberta MENRVA Lab School of Engineering ScienceSimon Fraser University

synthetic dry adhesives inspired by the nano-and micro-scale hairs found on the feet of geckos and some spiders have beendeveloped for almost a decade. Elastomeric single level micro-scale mushroom shaped fibres are currently able to function evenbetter than natural dry adhesives on smooth surfaces under normal loading. However, the adhesion of these single level syntheticdry adhesives on rough surfaces is still not optimal because of the reduced contact surface area. In nature, contact area ismaximized by hierarchically structuring different scales of fibres capable of conforming surface roughness. In this paper, weadapt the nature’s solution arid propose a novel dual-level hierarchical adhesive design using Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMs),which is tested under peel loading at different orientations. A negative macro-scale mold is manufactured by using a laser cutterto define holes in a Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plate. After casting PDMs macro-scale fibres by using the obtainedPMMA mold, a previously prepared micro-fibre adhesive is bonded to the macro-scale fibre substrate. Once the bondingpolymer is cured, the micro-fibre adhesive is cut to form macro scale mushroom caps. Each macro-fibre of the resulting hierarchicaladhesive is able to conform to loads applied in different directions. The dual-level structure enhances the peel strengthon smooth surfaces compared to a single-level dry adhesive, but also weakens the shear strength of the adhesive for a given areain contact. The adhesive appears to be very performance sensitive to the specific size of the fibre tips, and experiments indicatethat designing hierarchical structures is not as simple as placing multiple scales of fibres on top of one another, but can requiresignificant design optimization to enhance the contact mechanics and adhesion strength.

关键词： biomimetics dry adhesive hierarchical dual-level adhesive silicone polymer

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