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Response of Seasonal Vegetation Dynamics to Climatic Constraints in Northeastern Burundi

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第9期8卷 151-181页

作者： pacifique batungwanayo Marnik Vanclooster Alan F. Koropitan Departement of Mathematics Institute of Applied Pedagogy University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Research Center for Mathematical and Physical Sciences Doctoral School University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Earth and Life Institute Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences IPB University Bogor Indonesia

The climate crises in East Africa (EA), particularly in Burundi, have affected vegetation which, in turn, plays a key role in the climate system by modifying the terrestrial water and energy balance. Consequently, it is vital to understand vegetation dynamics and its response to current and projected climate conditions to support the design of climate resilient land management strategies. The objective of this study was to study the dynamics of vegetation cover over the Northeastern Burundi (NEB) in response to climatic constraints. The methodology used consisted of the interpretation of satellite images along with the analysis of data collected through rain-gauge stations. The data sets used include time series composite moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data collected between February 2000 and December 2017;long term (1986-2017) rainfall data acquired from two meteorological stations throughout the Northeastern provinces in Burundi and precipitation and mean temperature data (1986-2017) from Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and ERA5 Daily aggregates for the study area. The study provides an assessment of the vegetation trends in NEB using the NDVI time series. In addition, regression analysis is applied to assess the relations between NDVI and precipitation, air temperature, potential evapotranspiration, as well as with growing season characteristics (onset, cessation, and length). Results show that the rate in vegetation productivity is persistently gradual between 2000 and 2011 despite fluctuations from the mean position, followed by a lower growth rate over the period 2011-2017. There has been trend variation in precipitation, neither the temperature was constant. The temperature over the region has increased while the precipitation has decreased. The onset of the growing season and air temperature also show a significant influence on seasonal vegetation dynamics in the region. Drought-induced plant stres

关键词： Rainfall Variability Onset Dry Spell NDVI Remote Sensing Northeastern Burundi

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普惠金融对卢旺达经济增长的影响

普惠金融对卢旺达经济增长的影响

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作者： Mudacumura pacifique 江西财经大学

学位级别：硕士

本文的研究重点是金融普惠在卢旺达经济增长所发挥的作用。在该研究中,我们采用量化的方法收集和分析数据,选取普通最小二乘法(OLS)分析多元线性回归模型。调查数据显示,金融包容性对支持经济增长具有重要意义。具体体现在金融设施公平... 详细信息

本文的研究重点是金融普惠在卢旺达经济增长所发挥的作用。在该研究中,我们采用量化的方法收集和分析数据,选取普通最小二乘法(OLS)分析多元线性回归模型。调查数据显示,金融包容性对支持经济增长具有重要意义。具体体现在金融设施公平分配的促进,人们生活方式的改变,资本创造能力的增强以及人们寻求贴合自身需求的金融服务的能力提升。研究结果表明这项政策使人们获得金融服务的门槛变得更低,诸如Umurenge储蓄、信贷合作社(U-SACCO)以及逐步发展的小额信贷机构等。同时研究结果也表明货币供应量的增加与以下因素有着密切的相关关系,包括私营部门的国内信贷数目,自动柜员机(ATM)的数量,商业银行的分支机构数量以及商业银行的借款人数量。出乎意料的是商业银行存款人和贷款利率在统计数据上作用甚微,对卢旺达的经济增长也没有什么重大影响。因此卢旺达政府被建议通过拓展用于信用卡和借记卡,自动柜员机(ATM)和销售终端(POS)的电子支付系统来建立完善的基础设施,深化相关政策用于支持银行和小额信贷机构向私营部门中的中小型企业提供更多贷款并培养合格的毕业生和经验丰富的金融服务专业人员。

关键词：金融包容性经济增长最小二乘法卢旺达

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An African Winter Olympic Volunteer

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Beijing Review 2022年第15期65卷 48-48页

作者： pacifique Nizeyimana the Beijing University of Science and Technology

It was an opportunity to wholly immerse myself in cultural exchanges,whilst at the same time enjoying a spot of athletic competition.I arrived in China from Rwanda in 2018 to study civil engineering at the Beijing University of Science and Technology.One of the biggest things that happened to me during my stay in China was the opportunity to volunteer at the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022.

关键词： Winter happen opportunity

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Volunteering at Winter Olympics

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ChinAfrica 2022年第4期14卷 57-57页

作者： pacifique NIZEYIMANA Beijing University of Science and Technology

It was an opportunity to immerse in cultural exchanges while also enjoying the sports I arrived in China from Rwanda in 2018 as a student to study civil engineering at the Beijing University of Science and Technology. One of the biggest things that happened to me during my stay in China was a chance to volunteer at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.

关键词： Winter happen exchanges

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Solid Waste Management Challenges and Its Impacts on People’s Livelihood, Case of Kinyinya in Kigali City

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第6期8卷 82-96页

作者： Akimanizanye Victoire Nsanzumukiza Vincent Martin Maniragaba Abias Uwayo pacifique Mucyo Jean Claude Department of Environmental Information System Faculty of Environment Studies University of Lay Adventists of Kigali Kigali Rwanda

The main intention of this study was to assess the solid waste management challenges and their impacts on people’s livelihood. Specifically, the study evaluated the methods and techniques used for waste collection, transportation and deposit to the landfill by households, and companies in Kinyinya sector. A survey was conducted to collect data from household, waste collection company and field. Household waste collection, transportation and deposit illustrated different challenges which impede the sustainable treatment and disposal of waste. Findings pointed out poor deposit of wastes, failure to pay waste collection fees, poor assessment before selecting waste landfill and poor working condition of companies in charge of waste collection, transportation as the major challenges toward waste management in Kinyinya. The findings illustrated that only 33.25% of households separated decay from undecayed waste and 66.75% couldn’t perform such activities. The findings indicated that members of some households suffered waste borne diseases from poor waste management. The linear correlation coefficient has shown 84.5% of correlation level between waste management challenges and people’s livelihood (r = 0.845) and this correlation is statistically significant. Thus, poor waste management is one among factors of poor people’s livelihood. The adaptation of segregation of waste at the household, strengthening company capacity and training workers at the landfill would save life and reduce exposure of both household and landfill workers.

关键词： Solid Waste Management Challenges Waste Borne Disease People’s Liveli-hood

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Contribution of Former Poachers for Wildlife Conservation in Rwanda Volcanoes National Park

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第4期8卷 47-56页

作者： pacifique Uwayo Vincent Martin Nsanzumukiza Abias Maniragaba Alexandre Prince Nsabimana Victoire Akimanizanye Department of Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Management Faculty of Environmental Studies University of Lay Adventists of Kigali Kigali Rwanda

This study assessed the contribution of former poachers to wildlife conservation in Volcanoes National Park, the main causes of poaching activities in Volcanoes National Park. The results indicated that the main causes of poaching and other illegal activities are associated with poverty, ignorance and culture and commercial purposes. The results further illustrated that poaching cases decreased in the Volcanoes National Park where, from 2018, the snares removed from the park reduced from above 1000 to 600 snares. In the same year, only 3 poachers from Kinigi and Shingiro Sectors were arrested. The findings illustrated that introducing of revenue sharing scheme where, 10% of the park’s revenues are shared to the local communities living adjacent to the park, and constructing a buffalo wall stone around the Volcanoes National Park are of the important measures which contributed to solve completely the problems of poaching and human-wildlife conflicts in the volcanic area. However, some respondents reported that the construction of buffalo wall did not prevent animal from escaping the park, they have proposed the construction of strong fence such as electrically fenced wall.

关键词： Poaching Activities Former Poachers Wildlife Conservation Ecosystem Stability

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Quality Control of Quinine in Pharmaceutical Forms Tablets Find East of the Democratic Republic of Congo

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第9期10卷 415-422页

作者： Lucien Murhula Namegabe Mireille Tumusifu Kadhesi pacifique Murhula Hamuli Aladdin Ombeni Mahano Paul Brioen Department of galenic Pharmacy Official University of Bukavu Bukavu DRC Analytical Chemistry and Food Sciences Laboratory Official University of Bukavu Bukavu DRC Medicinal Plant Research and Drug Development at PAU-UI University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Official University of Bukavu Bukavu DRC

The present study focuses on the quality control of quinine in the compressed pharmaceutical forms circulating in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The analyses performed on the collected samples included disintegration of the tablets, identification of quinine in the formulations by color reaction methods and thin-layer chromatography. The quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometric and volumetric methods. The most significantly observed findings were abnormalities of release;underdosing, overdosing and absence of the active ingredient, Which brings us to the conclusion that more than 30% of the samples analyzed are of inferior quality and adulterated.

关键词： Quality-Control Quinine Tablets

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Effect of Farming Practices on Honey Production in Boundary of Gishwati Forest National Park

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第5期8卷 107-119页

作者： Nsabimana Prince Alexandre Nsanzumukiza Martin Vincent Uwayo pacifique Maniragaba Abias Segatashya Alexis Mukasekuru Francoise Ngirinshuti Henri Jacques Department of Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Management Faculty of Environmental Studies University of Lay Adventists of Kigali Kigali Rwanda

Pesticides and inorganic fertilizers applied in agriculture are key factors which affect biodiversity, especially bees, butterfly and other pollinators. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of farming practices on honey production in boundary of Gishwati Forest National Park in Rwanda. Survey was conducted to collect data from 2000 year to 2018 year from 51 members grouped in UNICOAPIGI beekeeping and 73 members of JYAMBERE agricultural cooperatives to establish the impact of agriculture practice on honey production. The results showed that the change in agricultural inputs from 2000 to 2018 (R2 = 0.901) resulted in high corn yield and consequently induced honey reduction (R2 = 0.75). The correlation coefficients for pesticides and inorganic fertilizers used in corn production had strong negative effects on honey production {γ3 = -0.06 for chemical fertilizers (X3) and γ4 = -0.42 for pesticides (X4)}. JYAMBERE Agricultural cooperative with 75.78% of farmers reported that they used pesticides and inorganic fertilizers in corn production. However, 51 beekeepers grouped in UNICOAPIGI cooperative reported a serious decline of honey production from 27 Kg to 6 Kg of honey per hive after the 2008 year, which is suspected to be mainly the effect from applications of pesticides and fertilizers in corn production. The findings illustrated that the roles of honeybees as pollinator exposed them to toxic, especially pesticides applied in agriculture in boundary of Gishwati national forest reserve, therefore, beekeepers proposed that protection of forests and park is not only sufficient to reach sustainable conservation of bee biodiversity but also requires determining the land use pattern and socio-political factors around the Gishwati forest reserve.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecosystem Agricultural System Gishwati Forest National Park Honey Production

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用于检测血清和尿液样品中葡萄糖的橙红色荧光碳点的合成及应用研究

用于检测血清和尿液样品中葡萄糖的橙红色荧光碳点的合成及应用研...

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中国化学会第十三届全国分析化学年会

作者： MUTUYIMANA FELICITE pacifique 刘娟娟纳敏陈兴国兰州大学化学化工学院

葡萄糖的定量检测对于糖尿病的监测和治疗至关重要。然而,低成本快速准确地检测生物样品中的葡萄糖仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。鉴于此,本工作通过简便的一锅法制备了发射橙红色荧光的碳点（O-R-CDs）,并将其作为新的荧光探针（Fl）用... 详细信息

葡萄糖的定量检测对于糖尿病的监测和治疗至关重要。然而,低成本快速准确地检测生物样品中的葡萄糖仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。鉴于此,本工作通过简便的一锅法制备了发射橙红色荧光的碳点（O-R-CDs）,并将其作为新的荧光探针（Fl）用于葡萄糖的灵敏和选择性检测。所制备的O-R-CDs具有良好的水溶性和抗光漂白性。基于葡萄糖氧化酶（Gox）可催化氧化葡萄糖产生过氧化氢（H2O2）且其可以猝灭O-R-CDs的荧光的现象,建立了测定葡萄糖的荧光新方法。在最佳条件下,线性范围为0.5～100μM,检出限为0.33μM。该法已成功应用于人血清和尿样中葡萄糖的测定。此外,由于在制备过程中O-R-CDs表面可直接被氨基和羧基功能化,因此不需要进行表面修饰,使得可以方便地制备用于检测葡萄糖的纳米探针。

关键词：碳点葡萄糖荧光

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