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NADPH Thioredoxin Reductase C Controls the Redox Status of Chloroplast 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 298-307页

作者： Kerstin Kirchsteiger pablo pulido Maricruz Gonzalez Francisco Javier Cejudo Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC Avda Americo Vespucio 49 41092-Sevilla Spain

Chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxins （2-Cys Prxs） are efficiently reduced by NADPH Thioredoxin reductase C （NTRC）. To investigate the effect of light/darkness on NTRC function, the content of abundant plastidial enzymes, Rubisco, glutamine synthetase （GS）, and 2-Cys Prxs was analyzed during two consecutive days in Arabidopsis wild-type and ntrc mutant plants. No significant difference of the content of these proteins was observed during the day or the night in wildtype and mutant plants. NTRC deficiency caused a lower content of fully reduced 2-Cys Prxs, which was undetectable in darkness, suggesting that NTRC is the most important pathway for 2-Cys Prx reduction, probably the only one during the night. Arabidopsis contains two plastidial 2-Cys Prxs, A and B, for which T-DNA insertion lines were characterized showing the same phenotype as wild-type plants. Two-dimensional gel analysis of leaf extracts from these mutants allowed the identification of basic and acidic isoforms of 2-Cys Prx A and B. In-vitro assays and mass spectrometry analysis showed that the acidic isoform of both proteins is produced by overoxidation of the peroxidatic Cys residue to sulfinic acid. 2-Cys Prx overoxidation was lower in the NTRC mutant. These results show the important function of NTRC to maintain the redox equilibrium of chloroplast 2-Cys Prxs.

关键词： Chloroplast peroxiredoxin NADPH thioredoxin reductase C overoxidation thioredoxin Arabidopsis.

SNOWY COTYLEDON 2 Promotes Chloroplast Development and Has a Role in Leaf Variegation in Both Lotus japonicus and Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2017年第5期10卷 721-734页

作者： Nicola Zagari Omar Sandoval-lbanez Niels Sandal Junyi Su Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion Jens Stougaard Mathias Pribil Dario Leister pablo pulido Plant Molecular Biology Department of Biology I Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Copenhagen Plant Science Center University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark Research and Innovation Center Fondazione Edmund Mach via E. Mach 1 38010 San Michele all'Adige Italy Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 8000 Aarhus C Denmark Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain

Plants contain various factors that transiently interact with subunits or intermediates of the thylakoid multiprotein complexes, promoting their stable association and integration. Hence, assembly factors are essential for chloroplast development and the transition from heterotrophic to phototrophic growth. Snowy cotyledon 2 （SCO2） is a DNAJ-like protein involved in thylakoid membrane biogenesis and interacts with the light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding protein LHCBI. In Arabidopsis thaliana, SCO2 function was previ- ously reported to be restricted to cotyledons. Here we show that disruption of SC02 in Lotus japonicus results not only in paler cotyledons but also in variegated true leaves. Furthermore, smaller and pale- green true leaves can also be observed in A. thaliana sco2 （atsco2） mutants under short-day conditions. In both species, SCO2 is required for proper accumulation of PSlI-LHCll complexes. In contrast to other variegated mutants, inhibition of chloroplastic translation strongly affects L. japonicus sco2 mutant devel- opment and fails to suppress their variegated phenotype. Moreover, inactivation of the suppressor of variegation AtClpR1 in the atsco2 background results in an additive double-mutant phenotype with variegated true leaves. Taken together, our results indicate that SCO2 plays a distinct role in PSll assembly or repair and constitutes a novel factor involved in leaf variegation.

关键词： SCO2 DNAJ-like photosynthesis assembly factor variegation chloroplast development

The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第4期32卷 398-420页

作者： Philippe Leff-Gelman Ismael Mancilla-Herrera Monica Flores-Ramos Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Juan pablo Reyes-Grajeda maría del pilar garcía-cuétara Marielle Danitza Bugnot-Perez David Ellioth pulido-Ascencio National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Psychology Anahuac University HuixquilucanMexico National Council of Science and Technology Mexico CityMexico

Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and mul- tifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neu- roimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neu- ropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during preg- nancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Thl/Th2 bias towards a predominant Thl/Thl7 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

关键词： Depression Pregnancy Immune systemInflammation Cytokine Serotonin Indoleamine dioxygenase Glucocorticoid Brain Placenta

The Use of Coffee Pulp as a Potential Alternative Supplement in Ruminant Diets

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第3期5卷 214-217页

作者： Amalia Cabrera Nunez Iliana Del Carmen Daniel Renteria Miguel Angel Lammoglia Villagomez pablo Elorza Martinez Cesar Enrique Martinez Sainchez Sara Aida Alarcon pulido Rebeca Rojas-Ronquillo School of Biological and Agricultural Science University of Veracruz Tuxpan Veracruz 92860 Mexico

The study was conducted to evaluate the use of dried industrial coffee pulp in diets as supplement for ruminants. Two diets were formulated： A and B with 30% coffee pulp content each and different concentrations of carbohydrates （milled corn, corn bran, molasses, alfalfa hay） and fibrous residues （corn stubble, sugar cane mash） as ingredients. The dried coffee pulp was subjected to proximate analyses, whilst the two diets were subjected to nutritional and microbiological analyses. The results of the proximate analyses showed that the dried coffee pulp has 18% crude protein （CP）, 33.6% crude fibre （CF） and total digestible nutrients （TDN） content of 63.8%. Diets A and B had the similar mean values for CP, CF and TDN （17%, 4.3% and 75.6%, respectively）. The microbiological results showed that the two diets had the same minimal values for Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and coliform bacteria, which were all within the normal allowed values. The results indicate that dry coffee pulp in diets could be supplemented to ruminants for supporting milk and meat production without any adverse effect on their health.

关键词： Coffee pulp ruminants supplement.