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Root and leaf functional trait relations in Poaceae species: implications of differing resource- acquisition strategies

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第3期6卷 211-219页

作者： Florian Fort Claire Jouany pablo cruz INRA UMR 1248 AGIRCentre de recherche de ToulouseCS 5262731326 Castanet-TolosanCedexFrance

Aims root systems play an essential role in grassland functioning in both acquisition and storage of ***,root functional traits have not received as much attention as those measured on above-ground organs,and little is known about their *** objec-tives were to test whether morphological and root system traits allowed identification of grass species’functional strategies and to determine whether a relation exists between above-and below-ground *** Functional traits of root tissues(specific root length,diameter,tissue density and nitrogen concentration),whole root systems(root mass,root length density,root mass percentage below a depth of 20 cm and fine root%)and two major leaf traits(specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content)were determined under field conditions and their rela-tions were analysed in eleven perennial temperate Poaceae *** Findings Canonical correspondence analysis along axis 1 revealed a gra-dient of species,from those with deep,dense and coarse root systems with a large root mass to those with shallow root sys-tems,thin roots and high specific root length;this suggests strong correlations among root *** between specific root length and specific leaf area reveal two groups of species,which probably indicates different drought-tolerance *** trait syndromes enable ranking grasses along a gradient from conservative-strategy species(from stressful habitats),which display a deep and coarse root system,to acquisitive species(from rich and moist meadows),which display a shallow and thin root *** both types display similar above-ground strategies,drought-tolerant species have lower specific root lengths than drought-sensitive species,revealing more conservative root strategies.

关键词： root functional trait functional group grasses root ecology below-ground strategy

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Navigating medial patellotibial ligament reconstruction:Clinical perspectives and surgical strategies

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 6-10页

作者： Juan pablo Zicaro Ignacio Garcia-Mansilla Division of Knee Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires 1109Argentina

The surgical approach for patellar instability usually refers to reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament associated with an osteotomy of the tibial tuberosity or a trochleoplasty when *** medial patellotibial ligament and the medial patellomeniscal ligament are secondary stabilizers of the *** this,both the medial patellotibial and patellofemoral ligaments aid in patellar rotation and tilt when the knee is flexed beyond 45°.The medial patellotibial ligament plays a particularly important role in the final stages of stretching in extension and between 40 degrees to 90 degrees of *** clinical relevance and surgical indications for medial patellotibial ligament reconstruction associated with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction are still *** editorial explores the surgical indications and clinical results for medial patellotibial ligament reconstruction to improve readers’understanding of this technique,especially because reported clinical outcomes have remained sparse.

关键词： Medial patellotibial ligament Patellar instability Reconstruction Surgical

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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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Morphological and genetic differentiation in isolated populations of Mexican beech Fagus grandifolia ***

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2169-2179页

作者： Dulce María Galván-Hernández pablo Octavio-Aguilar Luis Lazcano-cruz Arturo Sánchez-González Population Ecology Laboratory of the Biological Research Center Autonomous University of HidalgoKm 4.5 Pachuca-Tulancingo HighwayCP 42184 Mineral de La ReformaHidalgoMexico Genetic Laboratory of the Biological Research Center Autonomous University of HidalgoKm 4.5 Pachuca-Tulancingo HighwayCP 42184 Mineral de La ReformaHidalgoMexico

Mexican beech[Fagus grandifolia ***(Martinez)***]is a subspecies endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains and considered endangered due to the low density of its populations and high degree of habitat fragmentation and environmental *** its morphological and genetic variation is associated with its ability to adapt to changes in environmental conditions,the objective of this study was to determine whether phenotypic and genotypic variation exist,and it relationships with population reduction *** four beech populations in the states of Hidalgo and Veracruz,we analyzed 11 morphological variables for leaves and 6 micros atellite *** morphological variables that to discriminate between populations were related to the size of the leaf,but a robust differentiation pattern was not found,given that independent groups of leaves were *** populations located closest to each other,had greater genetic variation and less genetic distance;populations in the extreme north and south had the lowest genetic *** differentiation among populations was associated with reduction in population *** the 3 localities in Hidalgo,recent bottlenecks were identified,and in Veracruz,an old bottleneck was *** in leaf morphology and genetic structure of Mexican beech populations could be the result of a combination of various geographical,climate and ecological factors.

关键词： Adaptation Bottleneck Genetic structure Leaf morphology Mexico Sierra madre oriental

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Scale dependency of Liolaemus lizards＇ home range in response to different environmental variables

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 521-530页

作者： Oscar Anibal STELLATELLI Carolina BLOCK Debora Lina MORENO-AZOCAR Laura Estela VEGA Juan pablo ISACCH Felix Benjamin cruz Laboratorio de Vertebrados Departamento de Biologia Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Defin Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Quintral 1250 (8400) San Carlos de Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina.

Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus constitutes the world＇s second most speciose lizard genus. In this study, we assessed the relationships between home range size and environmental variables at 3 different spatial scales. The study at a local and regional scale was focused on the habitat specialist Liolaemus multimaculatus. The lizard＇s home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method in populations from grassland sites of the coastal sand dunes of the Argentinean Pampas under 2 different conditions, with or without forestations of Acacia Iongifolia. On the other hand, at a geographical scale we considered the evolutionary implications of 20 species of Liolaemus. Home range size, phylogeny, ecological, environmental, and climatic data were ob- tained from the literature and remote sensing. L. multimaculatus home range varied from 12.66 to 570.00 m. Regionally, this species had smaller home ranges in forested habitats （X： 94.02 m2） com- pared with the non-forested sites （X： 219.78m2）. Habitat structure, vegetation types, and food availability would explain the space use at finer scales. When the 20 species of Liolaernus were considered, high mean air temperature and broad thermal amplitudes showed an inverse relationship with home range size. Neither net primary productivity nor phylogeny was good predictors for home range variation at geographical scale. This study highlights the scale dependence of the explicative capability of a set of environmental and intrinsic variables on home range patterns.

关键词： environmental factors home range Liolaemus lizard scales

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Sexual behavior and male volatile compounds in wild and mass-reared strains of the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens （Diptera： Tephritidae） held under different colony management regimes

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 105-116页

作者： Carlos Felipe Bosa Leopoldo cruz-Lopez Cristina Silvia Zepeda-Cisneros Javier Valle-Mora Karina Guillen-Navarro pablo Liedo El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto km 2.5 Chiapas 30700 Mexico Campana Nacional Moscas de laFruta Programa Moscafrut SAGARPA-IICA Metapa de Dominguez Chiapas Mexico

We compared the calling and mating behavior and volatile release of wild males Anastrepha ludens （Loew） with males from 4 mass-reared strains：（i） a stan- dard mass-reared colony （control）, （ii） a genetic sexing strain （Tap-7）, （iii） a colony started from males selected on their survival and mating competitiveness abilities （selected）, and （iv） a hybrid colony started by crossing wild males with control females. Selected and wild males were more competitive, achieving more matings under field cage conditions. Mass-reared strains showed higher percentages of pheromone calling males under field conditions except for Tap-7 males, which showed the highest percentages of pheromone calling males under laboratory cage conditions. For mature males of all strains, field-cage calling behavior increased during the last hour before sunset, with almost a 2 fold increase exhibited by wild males during the last half hour. The highest peak mating activity of the 4 mass-reared strains occurred 30 rain earlier than for wild males. By means of solid phase microextraction （SPME） plus gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC- MS）, the composition of volatiles released by males was analyzed and quantified, Wild males emitted significantly less amounts of （E,E）-α-farnesene but emitted significantly more amounts of （E,E）-suspensolide as they aged than mass-reared males. Within the 4 mass-reared strains, Tap-7 released significantly more amounts of （E,E）-α-farnesene and hybrid more of （E,E）-suspensolide. Differences in chemical composition could be ex- plained by the intrinsic characteristics of the strains and the colony management regimes. Characterization of calling behavior and age changes of volatile composition between wild and mass-reared strains could explain the differences in mating competitiveness and may be useful for optimizing the sterile insect technique in A. ludens.

关键词： age-dependent changes fruit fly mating pheromone

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Main environmental variables influencing the abundance of plant species under risk category

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1209-1217页

作者： pablo Antúnez División de Estudios de Posgrado Universidad de la Sierra Juárez68725 Oax.México

Determining climatic and physiographic variables in Mexico’s major ecoregions that are limiting to biodiversity and species of high conservation concern is essential for their ***,at the national level to date,few studies have been performed with large data sets and crossconfirmation using multiple statistical ***,we used 25 endemic,rare and endangered species from 3610 sampling points throughout Mexico and 25 environmental attributes,including average precipitation for different seasons of the year,annual dryness index,slope of the terrain;and maximum,minimum and average temperatures to test our hypothesis that these species could be assessed with the same weight among all variables,showing similar indices of *** results using principal component analysis,covariation analysis by permutations,and random forest regression showed that summer precipitation,length of the frost-free period,spring precipitation,winter precipitation and growing season precipitation all strongly influence the abundance of tropical *** contrast,annual precipitation and the balance at different seasons(summer and growing season)were the most relevant variables on the temperate region *** dry areas,the minimum temperature of the coldest month and the maximum temperature of the warmest month were the most significant *** these different associations in different climatic regions could support a more precise management and conservation plan for the preservation of plant species diversity in forests under different global warming scenarios.

关键词： Correlative models Climate change Effect of topography Endemic species IUCN list Machine learning algorithms

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第3期31卷 338-350页

作者： Phillipe Leff Gelman Mónica Flores-Ramos Margarita López-Martínez Carlos cruz Fuentes Juan pablo Reyes Grajeda National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City National Council of Sciences and Technology (CONACy T) Mexico City National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico City

Abnormal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis is an important pathological finding in pregnant women exhibiting major depressive disorder. They show high levels of cortisol pro- inflammatory cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary peptide hormones and catecholamines, along with low dehydroepiandrosterone levels in plasma. During pregnancy, the TH2 balance together with the immune system and placental factors play crucial roles in the development of the fetal allograft to full term. These factors, when altered, may generate a persistent dysfunction of the HPA axis that may lead to an overt transfer of cortisol and toxicity to the fetus at the expense of reduced activity of placental 1113-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Epigenetic modifications also may contribute to the dysregulation of the HPA axis. Affective disorders in pregnant women should be taken seriously, and therapies focused on preventing the deleterious effects of stressors should be implemented to promote the welfare of both mother and baby.

关键词： brain depression neuroendocrine pregnancy stress glucocorticoids

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On the interaction of a donepezil-huprine hybrid with synthetic membrane models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 333-334页

作者： pablo Zambrano Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular BiophysicsMunichGermany

Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent type of dementia today,discovered and described by Alois Alzheimer in *** to the World Alzheimer Report 2021,75%of people with dementia worldwide are undiagnosed,equivalent to 41 million people(Gauthier et al.,2021).With each passing year,the number of people affected by these diseases is increasing,and the estimates of suffering from them in the future are growing.

关键词： Alzheimer diseases

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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors:Their Manifold Roles in Homeostasis and Disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2004年第2期1卷 95-104页

作者： pablo Iribarren Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute at FrederickFrederickMarylandUSA

Chemokines are a superfamily of small proteins that bind to G protein-coupled receptors on target cells and were originally discovered as mediators of directional migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation and *** recent years,it has become clear that the function of chemokines extends well beyond the role in leukocyte *** participate in organ development,angiogenesis/angiostasis,leukocyte trafficking and homing,tumorigenesis and metastasis,as well as in immune responses to microbial ***, chemokines and their receptors are important targets for modulation of host responses in pathophysiologicai conditions and for therapeutic intervention of human *** & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(2): 95-104.

关键词： chemokine receptor development leukocyte homing angiogenesis metastasis

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