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A flexible,thin-film microchannel electrode array device for selective subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve recording

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongcheon lim Peter A.Zoss Terry l.Powley Hyowon lee Matthew P.ward Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Center for Implantable Devices Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Purdue Institute of Integrative Neuroscience Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)plays an important role in regulating physiological conditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract by communicating via the parasympathetic pathway to the enteric nervous system(ENS).However,the lack of knowledge in the neurophysiology of the VN and GI tract limits the development of advanced treatments for autonomic dysfunctions related to the *** better understand the complicated underlying mechanisms of the VN-GI tract neurophysiology,it is necessary to use an advanced device enabled by microfabrication *** several candidates including intraneural probe array and extraneural cuff electrodes,microchannel electrode array devices can be used to interface with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by securing them in the separate channel *** microchannel electrode array devices to interface teased nerve structures are relatively bulky with thickness around 200µ*** thick design can potentially harm the delicate tissue structures,including the nerve *** this paper,we present a flexible thin film based microchannel electrode array device(thickness:11.5µm)that can interface with one of the subdiaphragmatic nerve branches of the VN in a *** demonstrated recording evoked compound action potentials(ECAP)from a transected nerve ending that has multiple nerve ***,our analysis confirmed that the signals are from C-fibers that are critical in regulating autonomic neurophysiology in the GI tract.

关键词： electrode recording film

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Emergent phenomena in manganites under spatial confinement

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者：沈健 T.Z.ward l.F.Yin State Key laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Tennessee Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory

It is becoming increasingly clear that the exotic properties displayed by correlated electronic materials such as high- Tc superconductivity in cuprates, colossal magnetoresistance （CMR） in manganites, and heavy-fermion compounds are intimately related to the coexistence of competing nearly degenerate states which couple simultaneously active degrees of freedom---charge, lattice, orbital, and spin states. The striking phenomena associated with these materials are due in a large part to spatial electronic inhomogeneities, or electronic phase separation （EPS）. In many of these hard materials, the functionality is a result of the soft electronic component that leads to self-organization. In this paper, we review our recent work on a novel spatial confinement technique that has led to some fascinating new discoveries about the role of EPS in manganites. Using lithographic techniques to confine manganite thin films to length scales of the EPS domains that reside within them, it is possible to simultaneously probe EPS domains with different electronic states. This method allows for a much more complete view of the phases residing in a material and gives vital information on phase formation, movement, and fluctuation. Pushing this trend to its limit, we propose to control the formation process of the EPS using external local fields, which include magnetic exchange field, strain field, and electric field. We term the ability to pattern EPS ＂electronic nanofabrication.＂ This method allows us to control the global physical properties of the system at a very fundamental level, and greatly enhances the potential for realizing true oxide electronics.

关键词： manganites metal-insulator transition electrical transport electronic phase separation

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Enhancement of the CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4)capacity of Ru–Na–Ca/γ–Al_(2)O_(3)dual function material by controlling the Ru calcination atmosphere

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 292-305页

作者： Alejandro Bermejo-lópez Beñat Pereda-Ayo Jon A.Onrubia-Calvo JoséA.González-Marcos Juan R.González-Velasco Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHUBarrio Sarrienas/n48940 LeioaBizkaiaSpain

Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU)technology requires dual functional materials(DFMs)to carry out the process in a single reaction *** influence of the calcination atmosphere on efficiency of 4%Ru-8%Na_(2)CO_(3)-8%CaO/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)DFM is *** adsorbent precursors are first co-impregnated onto alumina and calcined in ***,Ru precursor is impregnated and four aliquotes are subjected to different calcination protocols:static air in muffle or under different mixtures(10%H_(2)/N_(2),50%H_(2)/N_(2)and N_(2))*** are characterized by XRD,N_(2)adsorption-desorption,H_(2)chemisorption,TEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPD,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and *** catalytic behavior is evaluated,in cycles of CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation to CH_(4),and temporal evolution of reactants and products concentrations is *** calcination atmosphere influences the physicochemical properties and,ultimately,activity of *** data and catalytic performance discover the acccomodation of Ru nanoparticles disposition and basic sites is mostly influencing the catalytic *** calcined under N_(2)flow(RuNaCa-N_(2))shows the highest CH_(4)production(449μmol/g at 370℃),because a well-controlled decomposition of precursors which favors the better accomodation of adsorbent and Ru phases,maximizing the specific surface area,the Ru-basic sites interface and the participation of different basic sites in the CO_(2)methanation ***,the calcination in a N_(2)flow is revealed as the optimal calcination protocol to achieve highly efficient DFM for integrated CO_(2)adsorption and hydrogenation applications.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Integrated CO_(2)capture and utilization(ICCU) Dual functional material(DFM) Ru calcination atmosphere

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Accelerated intermetallic phase amorphization in a Mg-based high-entropy alloy powder

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1792-1798页

作者： Prince Sharma Purvam Mehulkumar Gandhi Kerri-lee Chintersingh Mirko Schoenitz Edward l.Dreizin Sz-Chian liou Ganesh Balasubramanian Institute for Functional Materials&Devices Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015USA Center of Materials for Advanced Energetics New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

We describe a novel mechanism for the synthesis of a stable high-entropy alloy powder from an otherwise immiscible Mg-Ti rich metallic mixture by employing high-energy mechanical *** presented methodology expedites the synthesis of amorphous alloy powder by strategically injecting entropic disorder through the inclusion of multi-principal elements in the alloy *** from first principles and materials theory corroborate the results from microscopic characterizations that reveal a transition of the amorphous phase from a precursor intermetallic *** transformation,characterized by the emergence of antisite disorder,lattice expansion,and the presence of nanograin boundaries,signifies a departure from the precursor intermetallic ***,this phase transformation is accelerated by the presence of multiple principal elements that induce severe lattice distortion and a higher configurational *** atomic size mismatch of the dissimilar elements present in the alloy produces a stable amorphous phase that resists reverting to an ordered lattice even on annealing.

关键词： High-entropy alloy High-energy milling Antisite disorder Amorphous Intermetallic

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Generating oligodendroglia from adult mesenchymal cells for transplantation:cell reprogramming or direct lineage conversion?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1493-1494页

作者： Jorge pascual-Guerra JoséA.Rodríguez-Navarro Carlos l.paíno Service of Neurobiology-Research Ramón y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCISMadridSpain Department of Cellular Biology Complutense UniversityMadridSpain

Cell replacement therapy has long been proposed as a treatment for the damaged nervous *** of the most challenging aspects of such a strategy,however,is finding sources of donor cells for *** neural cells are rarely an option as every cell in the nervous system has a defined function that would be lost if that cell was to be *** possibility would be sourcing precursor or differentiated cells from fetal tissues;however,aside from ethical issues,heterologous cells are at risk of immunological rejection in the long *** improvements over the past 15 years have led to the possibility that autologous non-neural cells could be used for cell transplantation through their conversion into neural derivatives.

关键词： neural programming removed

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Visualization of atomic scale reaction dynamics of supported nanocatalysts during oxidation and ammonia synthesis using in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第6期30卷 281-290,I0007页

作者： Michael R.ward Robert W.Mitchell Edward D.Boyes Pratibha l.Gai The York Nanocentre University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Physics University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Electronic Engineering University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Chemistry University of YorkYork YO105DDUK

Reaction dynamics in gases at operating temperatures at the atomic level are the basis of heterogeneous gas-solid catalyst reactions and are crucial to the catalyst *** noble metal nanocatalysts such as platinum are of interest in fuel cells and as diesel oxidation catalysts for pollution control,and practical ruthenium nanocatalysts are explored for ammonia *** and graphitic carbons are of interest as supports for the *** considerable literature on the catalytic processes on graphite and graphitic supports,reaction dynamics of the nanocatalysts on the supports in different reactive gas environments and operating temperatures at the single atom level are not well *** we present real time in-situ observations and analyses of reaction dynamics of Pt in oxidation,and practical Ru nanocatalysts in ammonia synthesis,on graphite and related supports under controlled reaction environments using a novel in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscope with single atom *** recording snapshots of the reaction dynamics,the behaviour of the catalysts is *** images reveal single metal atoms,clusters of a few atoms on the graphitic supports and the support *** all play key roles in the mobility,sintering and growth of the *** experimental findings provide new structural insights into atomic scale reaction dynamics,morphology and stability of the nanocatalysts.

关键词： In-situ visualization Atomic scale reaction dynamics In-situ environmental scanning transmission electron microscopy with single atom resolution Supported nanoparticles Ammonia synthesis Oxidation reactions

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Stopover behavior of Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceus) during fall migration on the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 491-502页

作者： Richard Evan Feldman Antonio Celis-Murillo Jill l.Deppe Michael P.ward Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Unidad de Recursos NaturalesMeridaYucatánMexico Prairie Research Institute Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA U.S.Geological Survey Eastern Ecological Science CenterPatuxent Research RefugeLaurelMDUSA National Audubon Society WashingtonDCUSA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA.

Background: For migrating birds, stopover requires spending time and energy that otherwise could be allocated to flying. Thus, birds optimally refuel their subsequent migratory flight by reducing stopover duration or foraging activ-ity in food-rich environments. In coastal habitats, birds may forego refueling and take short stopovers irrespective of local food availability. Given the paucity of studies exploring how migrants adjust stopover behavior in response to temporal variation in food availability, especially in the Neotropics, we fixed radio tags to 51 Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceous) over two years at two sites on the coast of Mexico's Yucatan ***: We applied VHF radio tags during the fall of 2016 and 2017, and tracked birds using automatic and manual receiving units. We estimated stopover duration and activity levels(one site only) for between six and fifteen birds,depending on site and year. We measured fruit availability weekly along the net lanes where we captured birds. We used a generalized linear model to estimate the relationships between stopover duration/activity level and fruit den-sity, bird body mass and year. We interpreted relationships for the model with the lowest AICc ***: We found that approximately half of the birds departed on the same day they were captured. For the birds that stayed longer, we could not discern whether they did so because they were light, or fruit density was high. On the other hand, lighter birds were more active than heavier birds but only in one of the two ***: Given our results, it is unlikely that Red-eyed Vireos refuel along the Yucatan coast. However, they still likely need to recuperate from crossing the Gulf of Mexico, which may necessitate foraging more often if in poor body condition. If the birds then move inland then stopover should be thought of as a large-scale phenomenon, where habitats with different functions may be spread out over a broad landscape.

关键词： Coastal dune Fruit Geographic barrier Gulf of Mexico Phenology Stopover Time?minimization

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Characteristics of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastases to the thyroid gland: A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第21期7卷 3474-3485页

作者： Karam Khaddour Nadiia Marernych Wendy l ward Jerry liu Theodora pappa Department of Medicine at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science ChicagoIL 60050United States Northwestern Medicine McHenry ChicagoIL 60050United States Advocate Medical Group Oncology Crystal LakeIL 60014United States

BACKGROUND Thyroid gland is an uncommon site for metastases from clear cell renal cell carcinoma(CCRCC)and literature is *** to the variable and often long lag time before development of metastases in patients with CCRCC,thyroid nodules may be misdiagnosed initially as *** systematic review aims at a better understanding of the nature of these *** A bibliographic search was performed using PubMed(1990-2019),key words being“renal cell carcinoma,thyroid,kidney cancer,clear cell.”147 cases were *** patient’s characteristics assessed were:age,sex,stage,size of metastases,lag time,diagnostic modality,initial symptoms,treatment and outcome in last documented follow *** logistic regression,Spearman’s rho and ANOVA were used to identify differences between the existing *** The mean age(±SD)was 64±(10)years in males and 64(±11)in *** mean lag time to diagnosis of thyroid metastases was 8.7(±6.3)*** distribution of the patients was 46.3%male,52.4%*** was a weak correlation between lag time and size of metastases,not statistically *** of metastases was significantly higher in symptomatic patients(6.06±3.51 cm)compared to those with painless mass(4.6±0.29 cm)and asymptomatic ones(3.93±1.99 cm)(P=0.03).Fine Needle Aspiration was diagnostic in 29.4%of cases,47.1%were non *** patients(80.3%)underwent thyroid *** 1 year follow up,55.6%of patients operated were alive versus 35.3%who did not have surgery,though this was not statistically significant(P=0.1).CONClUSION A larger size of thyroid metastasis was more likely to present with symptomatology.A high index of suspicion is warranted when evaluating thyroid nodules in CCRCC *** was no significant difference in outcome between patients who underwent surgery and those who did *** the wider use of immune check-point inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic CCRCC,surgery may eventually be

关键词： Clear cell renal cell carcinoma Thyroid Metastases Thyroidectomy

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Australian sugarcane soldier fly’s salivary gland transcriptome in response to starvation and feeding on sugarcane crops

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 708-720页

作者： Kayvan Etebari Karel R.lindsay Andrew l.ward Michael J.Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia Te KowaiQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia IndooroopillyQLDAustralia

The soldier fly is an endemic pest of sugarcane in *** numbers of larvae can cause significant damage to roots and reduce the crop *** is known about the composition and function of the soldier fly salivary gland,its secretions,and their roles in insect—plant *** this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of starved and sugarcane root-fed soldier fly larvae.A total of 31119 highly expressed assembled contigs were identified in the salivary glands and almost 50%of them showed high levels of similarity to known proteins in Nr *** all the obtained contigs,only 9727 sequences contain an open reading frame of over 100 amino *** 31%of contigs were predicted to encode secretory proteins,including some digestive and detoxifying enzymes and potential *** known salivary secreted peptides such as serine protease,cysteine proteinase inhibitors,antimicrobial peptides and venom proteins were among the top 100 highly expressed *** gene expression analysis revealed significant modulation of 850 transcripts in salivary glands upon exposure to plant roots or starvation ***,we identified some venom proteins which were significantly upregulated in the salivary glands of soldier fly larvae exposed to sugarcane *** other insects and nematodes some of these proteins have been used to manipulate host plant defense systems and facilitate the invasion of the host *** findings provide a further insight into the identification of potential effector proteins involved in soldier fly-sugarcane interactions.

关键词： Inopus salivary gland soldier fly sugarcane pest transcriptome

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Effects of DIMBOA on impulse discharges of maxillary lateral sensillum styloconicum of armyworm larvae

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第1期42卷 72-76页

作者： Yang, DM luo, l Yan, FM Cheng, HW Zhou, pa BEIJING UNIV COLL LIFE SCIBEIJING 100871PEOPLES R CHINA

THE DIMBOA (2, 4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1, 4-benzoxazin-3-one), a secondary product present in corn plants, plays an important role in protecting the plant against the pest attack. DIMBOA is rich in seedlings of cereal crops, especially in maize. Many investigators demonstrated a linear relationship between the DIMBOA content in plant and the resistance of the plant to pest. Feng et al. (1992) summarized that the toxicity of DIMBOA is associated

关键词： armyworm larvae gustatory chemoreceptor lateral sensillum styloconicum DIMBOA.

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