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细胞因子基因等位变异与先兆子痫的关系

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 11-11页

作者： Haggerty C.l. Ferrell R.E. Hubel C.A. 朱晓明 University of Pittsburgh Department ofEpidemiology 516B Parran Hall 130 DeSoto St Pittsburgh PA 15261 United States Dr.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cytokine genotypes and preeclampsia. Study design: We conducted a case-control study that examined cytokine genotypes among 150 primiparous preeclamptic women and 661 primiparous, normotensive women. Analyses were adjusted for age, prepregnancy cigarette smoking, and education. Results: Preeclamptic white women were more likely than normotensive white women to carry the up-regulating tumor necrosis factor-α -308 A/A (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.1-15.3) genotype. Both black and white women with preeclampsia were more likely than normotensive control subjects to carry the interleukin-1α -producing-4845 G/G genotype (black odds ratio, 11.6; 95% CI, 1.5-89.3; white odds ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.7-3.9), -889 C/C genotype (black odds ratio, 5.1; 95% CI, 0.6-41.6; white odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.8-4.7), and the interleukin-1α -4845/interleukin-1α -889/tinereukin-1β -3957 GCC/GCC haplotype (black odds ratio, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3-8.7; white odds ratio, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.2). Conclusion: Cytokine genotypes were associated with preeclampsia and may identify women who are at high risk for preeclampsia.

关键词：细胞因子基因先兆子痫等位变异高危孕妇肿瘤坏死因子初孕妇病例对照研究统计分析研究设计

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尿道下裂术后尿道狭窄的处理

中华泌尿外科杂志 2008年第6期26卷 385-388页

作者：张小明何恢绪胡卫列吕军聂海波姚华强李清荣王元利杨槐邓志雄广州军区广州总医院泌尿外科解放军下尿路疾病诊治中心 510010

目的提高尿道下裂术后尿道狭窄的手术治疗水平。方法尿道下裂术后尿道狭窄患者37例，年龄2～36岁，中位年龄5岁。其中尿道末段狭窄6例、吻合口狭窄30例，尿道末段及吻合口同时狭窄1例。单纯狭窄13例中行尿道末段切开4例、行加盖术6例、... 详细信息

目的提高尿道下裂术后尿道狭窄的手术治疗水平。方法尿道下裂术后尿道狭窄患者37例，年龄2～36岁，中位年龄5岁。其中尿道末段狭窄6例、吻合口狭窄30例，尿道末段及吻合口同时狭窄1例。单纯狭窄13例中行尿道末段切开4例、行加盖术6例、行经尿道钬激光狭窄切开术3例。复杂尿道狭窄24例，狭窄长度〉0．5cm，其中伴复杂尿道瘘8例、尿道憩室6例、阴茎弯曲4例、多次手术后尿道狭窄6例，行狭窄段切开加盖术或狭窄段切除、带蒂皮瓣尿道成形术，同时矫正阴茎弯曲、憩室切除、瘘口修补。结果单纯狭窄组一次手术治愈12例，1例狭窄内切开术后尿道狭窄者二次手术治愈。复杂狭窄组中8例伴复杂尿道瘘一次矫治术治愈7例，二次手术治愈1例；6例伴尿道憩室者均一次手术治愈；4例伴阴茎弯曲者一次手术成功3例；二次手术治愈1例；6例多次矫治术后尿道狭窄者均一次手术治愈。37例随访12～24个月，立位排尿通畅。结论尿道下裂术后单纯尿道末段狭窄采用狭窄切开术或加盖术，单纯吻合口狭窄采用加盖术或经尿道钬激光狭窄切开术，复杂性尿道狭窄采用狭窄切开加盖术或狭窄段切除阴茎或阴囊中隔皮管尿道成形肉膜蒂加盖术，效果良好。

关键词：尿道下裂尿道狭窄手术治疗疗效

新型1223相高T_c超导层型铜氧化物(Tl,M)(Sr,Ba)_2Ca_2Cu_3O_z(M=Cr,V)

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物理学报 1995年第5期44卷 795-805页

作者：陈祖耀唐凯斌钱逸泰盛正直王鲁闽中国科学技术大学应用化学系结构分析开放研究实验室合肥230026 美国阿肯色大学物理系费耶特维尔ar72701 美国新墨西哥州立大学电子显微镜中心阿尔伯克基nm87131

纯的TlSrCaCuO体系难以制备1223型超导铜氧化物,报道了合成和用粉末X射线衍射、电子衍射鉴定了一大类新型1223相高T_c超导层型铜氧化物(Tl_(1_x)M_s)(Sr_(2_y)Ba_y)Ca_2Cu_3O_x,其中M为Cr或V,包括(Tl_(0.75)Cr_(0.25)(Sr_(2_y)Ba_y)Ca_2Cu_3O_x,(Tl_(0.75)V_(0.25))(Sr_(2_y)Ba_y)Ca_2Cu_3O_x,(Tl_(1_x)Cr_x)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_x和(Tl_(1_x)V_x)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_5等4个系列1223相层型铜氧化物。在M存在的情况下,适量的Ba部分取代Sr,有利于(Tl,M)基1223相化合物的形成,然而,当y=0,即无Ba存在时,过量Tl对(Tl,M)基1223相化合物的形成十分必要。电阻和交流磁化率测量都显示,有Ba存在时的这些化合物超导电性T_c(ρ=0)均在100K以上,(Tl_(0.75)Cr_(0.25))(Sr_0.5Ba_1.50)Ca_2Cu_3O_x的T_c(ρ=0)可达113K,纯Sr系列掺V1223相化合物的超导电性略高于相应的掺Cr的化合物的超导电性,其中(Tl_0.75V_0.25)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_x的T_c(ρ=0)可达105K。此外,作者还详细研究和讨论了M(Cr或V)量和Sr/Ba比对(Tl,M)基1223型铜氧化物形成和超导电性的影响。

关键词：高Tc 超导体超导铜氧化物

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基于正交试验法的电刷磨损率特性研究

实验室科学 2016年第3期19卷 1-6页

作者：孙长海赵伟程史晓龙潘立刚李军吕鹏飞大连理工大学电气工程学院辽宁大连116024 辽宁蒲石河抽水蓄能电站辽宁蒲石河118216

对水电厂出现电机用电刷磨损严重这一现象的研究,分析电刷磨损现状及原因,选取造成电刷磨损的主要因素,提出了通过实验室试验平台与正交试验法相结合。运用极差分析法分析所得数据,得到影响电机用电刷磨损的显著性因素,确定了碳刷在实... 详细信息

对水电厂出现电机用电刷磨损严重这一现象的研究,分析电刷磨损现状及原因,选取造成电刷磨损的主要因素,提出了通过实验室试验平台与正交试验法相结合。运用极差分析法分析所得数据,得到影响电机用电刷磨损的显著性因素,确定了碳刷在实际运行中的最佳磨损率。分析结果表明采用摩根NG16碳刷时,压强在5.5E+04 pa附近,电流密度在8A/cm^3,转速在800r/min时的电刷磨损率达到最小。进一步通过试验平台研究碳刷与电流密度和压强在实际范围内的变化规律,验证正交试验法的可靠性,对实际电机用电刷的工程应用提出可行性指导建议。

关键词：电刷正交试验法磨损率电流密度压强

在免疫接种五价或六价疫苗后早产儿出现的呼吸暂停和心动过缓

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 28-28页

作者： Schulzke S. Heininger U. lü cking-Famira M. Fahnenstich H. 韩浩 Department of Neonatology University Children's Hospital Basel Roemergasse 8 4005 Basel Switzerland

There is a lack of data regarding the incidence and clinical significance of apnoea or bradycardia (AB) following immunisation with combination vaccines containing an acellular pertussis (pa) component in respiratory stable preterm infants. Medical records of respiratory stable preterm infants who received a first dose of a combined diphtheria (D) and tetanus (T) toxoids, pa, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine with or without hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the University Children’s Hospital Basel between January 2000 and June 2003 were analysed. For each infant, clinical data were recorded for a 72 h period before and after immunisation. Of 53 infants with a mean gestational age of 28 weeks, 7 (13% ) showed a transient recurrence of or increase in episodes of AB following immunisation. Five of these seven infants required intervention ranging from tactile stimulation to bag and mask ventilation. Regarding risk factors, children with recurrent or increased AB were indistinguishable from those without such events. The rate of fever (>38° C) following immunisation was higher in affected infants compared to those without recurrence of or increase in AB (3/7 vs 2/46, P =0.01). Conclusion:Although most infants tolerated immunisation well, the incidence of recurrent or increased apnoea or bradycardia in respiratory stable preterm infants following the first immunisation with penta- or hexavalent vaccines was 13% . Most apnoea or bradycardia events required intervention but did not have serious consequences. Monitoring of all preterm infants following immunisation in the neonatal intensive care unit is recomme-nded.

关键词：呼吸暂停免疫接种心动过缓五价六价平均胎龄细胞结构流感嗜血杆菌乙型肝炎病毒儿童医院

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儿科患者结肠和直肠贯通伤的处理

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 19-19页

作者： Haut E.R. Nance M.l. Keller M.S. 赵天智 Department of Surgery Children's Hospital of Philadelphia 34th and Civic Center Boulevard Philadel phia PA 19104 United StatesDr.

PURPOSE: Management of civilian penetrating colon injuries in the adult has ev olved from the universal use of fecal diversion to the highly selective use of c olostomy. We hypothesized that a similar management approach was appropriate for the pediatric population. METHODS: A retrospective review of pediatric patients (age lorectal injury was performed at six level I trauma centers for the period January 1990 through June 2001. RESUlTS: For th e period of review, 53 children with a penetrating colorectal injury were identi fied. Firearms caused 89 percent of the injuries. The colon was injured in 83 pe rcent (n = 44) of patients and the rectum in 17 percent (n = 9) of patients. The colorectal injury was managed without colostomy in 62 percent (n = 33) and with colostomy in 38 percent (colon = 11, rectum = 9). All rectal injuries were trea ted with colostomy. The hospital length of stay was longer in the colostomy grou p (17.6 days vs. 11.4 days). The complication rate was higher in the colostomy g roup (55 percent vs. 27 percent), which included two patients with stoma-relate d complications. There was no mortality in this series. CONClUSIONS: Primary rep air was used safely in most cases of civilian penetrating colon injuries in the pediatric population. All rectal injuries were treated with colostomy in this se ries. Fecal diversion was used selectively. Colostomy was performed for selected cases of colon wounds associated with shock,multiple blood transfusions,multipl e other injuries, extensive contamination, and high-velocity weapons. In the ab sence of these associated factors, primary repair appears justified.

关键词：儿科患者贯通伤结肠损伤结肠造瘘术结直肠损伤引流术贯通性火器伤选择性应用患者群

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成人后天性斜视患者立体视觉的影响因素

世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 21-21页

作者： Fawcett S.l. Stager Sr. D.R. Felius J. 司冰心

Functional improvements of binocular vision after strabismus surgery in adults are common but not well understood. In a prospective study, factors associated with stereoacuity outcome in patients with strabismus acquired following binocul ar vision maturation were investigated. Prospective data collection. Twenty-thr ee patients aged 14 to 85 years with acquired strabismus were enrolled. Random d ot stereoacuity was quantified using a battery of tests including the Randot Pre school Stereoacuity test, the Randot (version 2) shapes test, and the Randot But terfly test. Ninety-six percent of patients achieved measurable stereoacuity fo llowing successful eye realignment. Better median stereoacuity is achieved in pa tients with the following characteristics: ≤12 months of constant strabismus (6 0 vs 400 seconds of arc with > 12 months’strabismus, P l capacity for fine to moderate stereopsis (60 vs 400 seconds of arc with coarse o r no measurable stereopsis, P l capacity for macular fusio n (60 vs 400 seconds of arc with no measurable macular fusion capacity, P l orthotropia (100 seconds of arc) or intermittent orthotropi a (100 seconds of arc vs 2000 seconds of arc with 5 to 8 prism diopters (PD) of postsurgical residual strabismus, P l correction of acquired str abismus is associated with recovery of stereopsis. Factors associated with stere oacuity outcomes include duration of strabismus and presurgical binocular vision capacity. A postsurgical correction of orthotropia or intermittent orthotropia supports better stereoacuity than a larger residual angle of strabismus subtendi ng up to 8 PD of deviation.

关键词：斜视患者三棱镜屈光度立体视觉恒定斜视影响因素斜视矫正术双眼视功能黄斑融合弧秒眼位

总体炎症反应预测女性心血管疾病风险:女性缺血综合征评价(WISE)研究的报告

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2006年第4期 30-30页

作者： Kip K.E. Marroquin O.C. Shaw l.J. 韩瑞娟 University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Crabtree Hall 130 DeSoto Street Pittsburgh PA 15261 United States Dr.

Background: Measurement of C-reactive protein(CRP), a marker of inflammation, is recommended to improve cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk stratification. However, no studies have collectively evaluated how inflammatory markers cluster empirically and relate to angiographic coronary artery disease and CVD events. Methods: From the WISE study, 580 women with fasting plasma samples of inflammatory m arkers(interleukin[Il]-6, Il-18, tumor necrosis factor α, transforming growth factor β, CRP, serum amyloid A[SAA], and intercellular adhesion molecules)were analyzed over a median of 4.7 years follow-up. All women were referred for coronary angiography(1996-2000)to evaluate suspected myocardial ischemia. Results: In factor analysis, a “proinflammation”factor(cluster)loaded on Il-6, CRP, and SAA(r=0.63-0.87); a “proinflammation and anti-inflammation”cluster loaded on Il-18 and tumor necrosis factor α(r=0.72, 0.77); and an “immunosuppressiv e”factor loaded singly on transforming growth factor β(r=0.96). No cluster was independently associated with angiographic coronary artery disease. However, quartile increases of the “proinflammation”cluster(Il-6, CRP, and SAA)yielded death rates of 2.6%, 7.2%, 13.1%, 26.6%, respectively(Plammation markers in the upper quartile had an adjusted relative risk of death of 4.21(95%CI 1.91-9.25), a higher conferred risk than any single marker alone, all of which were roughly equally predictive. Conclusions: Altho ugh Il-6, CRP, and SAA all predict CVD risk in women, development of global mea sures of inflammation and simply counting the number of markers with high levels improve CVD risk stratification. In addition, results indicate that the adverse impact of inflammation may be largely through other mechanisms than promotion o f atherogenesis(ie, destabilization of vulnerable plaques).

关键词：心血管疾病 WISE 炎症标记物炎症反应女性

比较Down综合征患儿与未发病同胞的喂养方式

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 34-34页

作者： O'Neill K.l. Shults J. Stallings V.A. Stettler N. 冉海红 MSCE GI and Nutrition/1559 North Children's Hospital of Philadelphia 34th St.and Civic Center Boulevard Philadelphia PA 19104 United States Dr.

Objective: To compare parental feeding practices and evaluate their relationship to weight status among children with Down syndrome (DS) and their unaffected *** design: Cross-sectional study of sibling pairs, one child with DS (n = 36) and one child without DS (n = 36), between 3 and 10 years of *** completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ), which assesses six aspects of control in feeding, separately for each ***’s height and weight were measured using standard research procedures for calculation of body mass index (BMI) and BMI Z scores (BMIZ).Results: Mean BMIZ was higher among children with DS than their siblings (1.1 ±0.9 vs 0.1 ±1.1; P parents’perception of children’s weight *** reported greater use of restriction, greater feelings of responsibility for feeding and concern about child weight status, and lower pressure to eat for children with DS than for their *** adjustment for BMIZ, differences remained significant only for concern (10.6 ±3.5 vs 6.4 ±3.4; P ld overweight and concern were positively associated with BMIZ, whereas pressure was inversely associated with ***: Differences in child-feeding practices may play a role in the development of obesity in DS.

关键词：喂养方式 Down综合征喂养行为喂养情况上两组测量程序显著性差异负相关