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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac Y.ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian Y.l.Wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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An Analysis of the low Moving Speed of landfalling Typhoon In-Fa in 2021

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第1期30卷 51-60页

作者：郑丽娜吕新刚李瑞 Jinan Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province Jinan 250102 China

The movement speed of Typhoon In-Fa(2021)was notably slow,at 10 km h-1or less,for over 20 hours following its landfall in Zhejiang,China,in contrast to other typhoons that have made *** study examines the factors contributing to the slow movement of Typhoon In-Fa,including the steering flow,diabatic heating,vertical wind shear(VWS),and surface synoptic situation,by comparing it with Typhoons Yagi(2018)and Rumbia(2018)which followed similar *** findings reveal that the movement speed of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia is most closely associated with their respective 500 h pa environmental winds,with a steering flow of 10^(-12)m s^(-1).In contrast,Typhoon InFa’s movement speed is most strongly correlated with the 850 h pa environmental wind field,with a steering flow speed of only 2 m s^(-1).Furthermore,as Typhoon In-Fa moves northwest after landfall,its intensity is slightly greater than that of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia,and the pressure gradient in front of Typhoon In-Fa is notably smaller,leading to its slow ***,the precipitation distribution of Typhoon In-Fa differs from that of the other two typhoons,resulting in a weak asymmetry of wavenumber-1 diabatic heating,which indirectly affects its movement *** analysis indicates that VWS can alter the typhoon’s structure,weaken its intensity,and ultimately impact its movement.

关键词： landfalling typhoon steering flow diabatic heating VWS

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Evaluation of Activity patterns in Quinpirole-Treated Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第7期4卷 291-296页

作者： Carlos l. paíno Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación Hospital Ramón y Cajal Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS) Madrid Spain

The present study aims to evaluate in rats the activity changes associated to treatments with D2-like receptor agonists using a simple behavioral procedure. Rats receiving a single dose of 1 mg/kg quinpirole or vehicle were scored for 6 spontaneous behaviors at different post-injection times. In each time point, the animals were placed in testing cages for 12 min and video-recorded during the last 2 min. The number of forelimb steps and the time spent sniffing were significantly increased by 15 min post-injection in the quinpirole group. Forelimb steps remained increased for at least 24 h. Scores of time spent sniffing, as well as time inactive and number of hindlimb steps appeared greatly altered at 90 and 180 min, but not at later time points. By 48 h, no differences between control and quinpirole-treated rats were observed. In conclusion, the simple behavioral procedure here proposed—or adaptations of it—provides a sensitive test to evaluate the time course of the effects of D2-like receptor agonists on rat spontaneous activity. Additionally, this test takes into account context-dependent sensitization. It can be adapted to different treatment conditions. This methodology would be useful for the preclinical screening of D2-like receptor drugs, using reduced numbers of animals to test those doses and treatment schedules producing less side-effects.

关键词： Behavioral Activity D2-like Receptor Agonist Spontaneous Behavior Stepping Sniffing

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In vivo antiplasmodial activities of ethanolic exract and fractions of Eleucine indica

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第9期5卷 673-676页

作者： Ettebong EO Nwafor pa Okokon JE Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyP.M.B.1017University of UyoUyoNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the in rivo antiplasmodial activities of the extract and fractions(n-hexane. chloroform,***) of the whole plant in Plasmodium berghei berghei infected ***:Oral administrations of the extract(200.400,and 600 my/kg) of Eleacine indica and fractions(400 mg/kg) were screened in the *** and curative tests. Chloroquine(5 mg/kg).pyrimethamine(1.2 mg/kgi and artesunate(5 mg/kgi were used as controls. Results:The extract showed significant[P< 0.05-0.001) dose-dependent,antiplasmodial activity in the *** and curative tests and increased the survival times of the infected mice. All the fractions exhibited significant antiplasmodial activity with the highest being ethylacetate ***:Eleucine indica extract and fractions possess antimalarial activity which confirms the ethnobotanical use of this plant as a malarial remedy and opens a new highway to further investigate its potentials in the on-going fight against malaria.

关键词： Antimalarial activity Alkaloid Plasmodium berghei berghei Eleucine indica

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Transcriptomic signatures decode Th17 cell pathogenicity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第5期13卷 557-559页

作者： pa Reyfman ET Bartom BD Singer Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Chicago IL 60611 USA Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Chicago IL 60611 USA

Systems immunology is a growing field that attempts to integrate high-throughput experiments with sophisticated computational analysis and modeling approaches. In the field of systems immunology, single-cell transcrip- tomic profiling （RNA-seq） is an experimental technique that has proven effective for delineating molecular heterogeneity within immune cell subtypes.

关键词： Transcriptomic signatures decode

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Evaluation of the anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects of the methanol root bark extracts of Annona senegalensis

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 25-28页

作者： Okoye TC Akah pa Omeke CP Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the potentials of the root bark of Annona（A.） senegalensis in the control of seizure and related hypnotic and motor incoordination effects in mice using experimental ***:The methanol extract（ME） of the root bark of *** was studied in mice using pentylenetetrazole（PTZ） induced convulsions,phenobarbitone induced sleeping time and motor coordination test on rota-rod *** toxicity and lethality（lD50） lest as well as phytochemical analysis were also carried ***:The extract（200,400,800 mg/ kg） exhibited a non- dose dependent significant（P<0.05） delay in the onset of both tonic and clonic phases of seizure induced by PTZ（60 mg/kg,s.c.） as well as offered a 100%protection （200 mg/kg） in mice from PTZ induced *** extract significantly（P<0.05） decreased the latency and increased the duration of phenobarbitone induced sleeping *** 200 mg/kg, the extract exhibited a significant（P<0.05） motor *** acute toxicity test revealed an oral lD50 of 1 2%mg/kg,while the phytochemical studies showed the presence of alkaloids, resins,glycosides,carbohydrate,reducing sugar,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins and tannins. Conclusion:The extract of A senegalensis possessed anticonvulsant activity with pronounced hypnotic and muscle relaxant effects.

关键词： Annona senegalensis Hypnosis Anticonvulsant Muscle relaxant

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A New Compound from the Bud of Chrysanthemum indicum l.

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Chinese Chemical letters 2005年第10期16卷 1341-1342页

作者： Wen Ming CHENG Tian pa YOU Jun lI Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 School of Pharmacy Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032

A new bicyclic spiroketone was isolated from the bud of Chrysanthemum indicum l. The chemical structure was elucidated as （1R, 9S, 10S）-10-hydroxyl-8 （2＇, 4＇-diynehexylidene）- 9-isovaleryloxy-2, 7-dioxaspiro [5,... 详细信息

关键词： Chrysanthemum indicum l. X-ray crystallography bicyclic spiroketone (1R 9S,10S)-10-hydroxyl-8 (2' 4'-diynehexylidene)-9-isovaleryloxy-2 7-dioxaspiro[5 4]decane.

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laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4523-4528页

作者： Yung-Chih lai pa-Chun Wang Jun-Chen lin Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Cathay General Hospital School of Medicine National Taiwan University School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 10630 Taiwan China Department of Otolaryngology Cathay General Hospital School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei 10630 School of Public Health China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan China Department of Otolaryngology Cathay General Hospital Taipei 10630 Taiwan China

AIM: To assess the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (lPR) in patients with reflux esophagitis and dis-close factors contributing to the development of lPR. METHODS: A total of 167 patients who proved to have reflux esophagitis by endoscopy were enrolled. They received laryngoscopy to grade the reflux find-ings for the diagnosis of lPR. We used validated ques-tionnaires to identify the presence of laryngopharyn-geal symptoms, and stringent criteria of inclusion to increase the specificity of laryngoscopic findings. The data of patients were analyzed statistically to find out factors related to lPR. RESUlTS: The prevalence rate of lPR in studied sub-jects with reflux esophagitis was 23.9%. Age, hoarse- ness and hiatus hernia were factors significantly as-sociated with lPR. In 23 patients with a hiatus hernia, the group with lPR was found to have a lower trend of esophagitis grading. CONClUSION: laryngopharyngeal reflux is present in patients with reflux esophagitis, and three predicting factors were identified. However, the development of lPR might be different from that of reflux esophagi-tis. The importance of hiatus hernia deserves further study.

关键词： laryngopharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux disease Reflux esophagitis

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Incidence and histopathology of encysted progenetic metacercaria of Clinostomum complanatum(Digenea:Clinostomidae) in Channa punctatus and its development in experimental host

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 421-426页

作者： pa Ahammed Shareef SMA Abidi Section of parasitology Department of Zoology Aligarh Muslim University

Objective:To study the incidence of encysted progenetic metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum(C. complanatum) in Channa punctatus(C. punctatus), associated histopathology and the experimental infection to laboratory chicken to obtain ovigerous adult ***:live C. punctatus were brought from local fish market of Aligarh, India, dissected and examined on a monthly basis for the presence of C. complanatumcysts. For histochemistry, infected tissue sections with attached cysts were processed for haematoxylene and eosin staining. Cysts were aseptically fed to 4 day old leghorn chicken to obtain adult worms. Mechanically excysted metacercaria and the ovigerous adult worms were stained in carmine to prepare permanent ***:One year survey for the infection of encysted progenetic metacercaria of ***. punctatusrevealed the prevalence, intensity and abundance of 24.7%, 2.27and 0.608, respectively. Histopathology showed heavy infiltration of immune cells at the site of cyst attachment and some tissue damage was also evident. Following feeding to experimental chicken, about 41.07% of the encysted metacercariae were able to excyst and migrate back to bucco-pharyngeal region where they tenaciously attached and fed on blood, and transformed into ovigerous adult worms from 62 hours onwards of post ***:The parasite is potentially pathogenic to the host, and the availability of a suitable intermediate host can be a contributing factor for the occurrence of C. complanatummetacercaria either in the excysted or encysted form, indicating loose host specificity and zoonotic potential.

关键词： Clinostomum complanatum Encysted progenetic metacercaria Channa punctatus Histopathology Experimental infection Ovigerous adult worm Incidence Host-parasite interaction Metacercarial transformation

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Carcinoembryonic antigen inhibits neutrophil activation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine

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BIOCEll 2015年第2期39卷 1-3页

作者： Anna paŃCZYSZYN Anna KROP-WATOREK Maciej WIECZOREK University of Opole Department of Biotechnology and Molecular BiologyOpolePoland ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of SciencesWroclawPoland

Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)is a surface glycoprotein expressed in human epithelial cells and is released from their surface,especially during colorectal ***,colorectal cancer is accompanied by inflammation,where tumor-infiltrating neutrophils play an important *** was also found to be a strong chemotactic agent for *** purpose of this study was to find out if CEA can enhance neutrophil priming and *** neutrophils were activated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine(formyl-MlP)and the resulting oxidative burst was measured ***,in vitro priming of neutrophils by CEA,alone or preceded by lPS,inhibited subsequent activation of these cells by *** may have anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.

关键词： CEA oxidative burst formyl-MlP

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