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Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan cai Gerrit e.W.Bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .WPI-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow of magnons in magnetic films when the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. While there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, we predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

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Novel Framework for an Intrusion Detection System Using Multiple Feature Selection Methods Based on Deep Learning

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 948-958页

作者： A.e.M.eljialy Mohammed Yousuf Uddin Sultan Ahmad Department of Information Systems College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabiaand also with University Center for Research and Development(UCRD)Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityPunjabIndia

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are deployed to detect anomalies in real time. They classify a network’s incoming traffic as benign or anomalous (attack). An efficient and robust IDS in software-defined networks is an inevitable component of network security. The main challenges of such an IDS are achieving zero or extremely low false positive rates and high detection rates. Internet of Things (IoT) networks run by using devices with minimal resources. This situation makes deploying traditional IDSs in IoT networks unfeasible. Machine learning (ML) techniques are extensively applied to build robust IDSs. Many researchers have utilized different ML methods and techniques to address the above challenges. The development of an efficient IDS starts with a good feature selection process to avoid overfitting the ML model. This work proposes a multiple feature selection process followed by classification. In this study, the Software-defined networking (SDN) dataset is used to train and test the proposed model. This model applies multiple feature selection techniques to select high-scoring features from a set of features. Highly relevant features for anomaly detection are selected on the basis of their scores to generate the candidate dataset. Multiple classification algorithms are applied to the candidate dataset to build models. The proposed model exhibits considerable improvement in the detection of attacks with high accuracy and low false positive rates, even with a few features selected.

关键词： random forest feature selection decision tree software-defined network logistic regression intrusion detection system XGB classifier AdaBoost

The effects of local variations in conditions on carbon storage and release in the continental mantle

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 22-36页

作者： Stephen F.Foley Chunfei Chen Dorrit e.Jacob School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Research School of earth Sciences Australian National University State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

Recent advances indicate that the amount of carbon released by gradual degassing from the mantle needs to be revised upwards, whereas the carbon supplied by plumes may have been overestimated in the *** in rock types and oxidation state may be very local and exert strong influences on carbon storage and release mechanisms. Deep subduction may be prevented by diapirism in thick sedimentary packages,whereas carbonates in thinner sequences may be subducted. carbonates stored in the mantle transition zone will melt when they heat up, recognized by coupled stable isotope systems(e.g. Mg, Zn, ca). There is no single ‘mantle oxygen fugacity’, particularly in the thermal boundary layer(TBL) and lowermost lithosphere, where very local mixtures of rock types coexist. carbonate-rich melts from either subduction or melting of the uppermost asthenosphere trap carbon by redox freezing or as carbonate-rich dykes in this zone. Deeply derived, reduced melts may form further diamond reservoirs, recognized as polycrystalline diamonds associated with websteritic silicate minerals. carbon is released by either edge-driven convection,which tears sections of the TBL and lower lithosphere down so that they melt by a mixture of heating and oxidation, or by lateral advection of solids beneath rifts. Both mechanisms operate at steps in lithosphere thickness and result in carbonate-rich melts, explaining the spatial association of craton edges and carbonate-rich magmatism. High-pressure experiments on individual rock types, and increasingly on reactions between rocks and melts, are fine-tuning our understanding of processes and turning up unexpected results that are not seen in studies of single rocks. Future research should concentrate on elucidating local variations and integrating these with the interpretation of geophysical signals. Global concepts such as average sediment compositions and a uniform mantle oxidation state are not appropriate for small-scale processes; an increa

关键词： lithospheric mantle carbonate melts deep carbon cycle craton destruction continental rifts

A new method for precise optical measurements of the sub-micron height of levitation of droplet clusters

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particuology 2024年第4期87卷 173-178页

作者： Alexander A.Fedorets eduard e.Kolmakov Leonid A.Dombrovsky University of Tyumen 6 Volodarskogo StTyumen625003Russia engineering Faculty Ariel UniversityP0.B.3407000ArielIsrael Joint Institute for High Temperatures 17A Krasnokazarmennaya StMoscow111116Russia

Droplet clusters levitating over the locally heated water surface are considered a very promising phe-nomenon of microfluidics for the potential use of the droplets as unique microreactors for microbio-logical experiments.A new optical method is suggested for precise measurements of the sub-micron levitation height of single *** method is based on the analysis of variable colors of the inter-ference halo around the *** the first time,it is possible to measure the extremely low downward velocity of droplets,which grow due to steam *** velocity was found to be 5-8 nm/*** height of the levitation of various droplets just before their coalescence with a layer of water was also *** measurements might be used for the verification of sophisticated models for the droplet levitation to be developed for a very thin layer of humid air under the droplet when the Knudsen effect should be taken into account.

关键词： Precise measurements Interferometric method Droplet cluster Levitation height

emission colour tuning in KLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)phosphor

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第1期42卷 57-65,I0002页

作者： Janani K Gayathri e Vijayatha V Ramasubramanian S Thiyagarajan P Department of Science and Humanities Nehru Institute of TechnologyKaliapuramThirumalayampalayamCoimbatoreIndia Department of Sciences Amrita School of Physical SciencesAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Department of Physics Anna UniversityChennaiIndia

KLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)(Ln=Y,Yb,Gd)phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction *** each of the Yb^(3+)/er^(3+)and Yb^(3+)/Ho^(3+)co-doped phosphors independently,phase confirmation and morphological examination were accomplished using the X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscope analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows the charge state and existence of lanthanides and *** luminescence emissions of green and red colour were detected for the synthesized *** changes in the upconverted emission intensities and colour output pertaining to the change of the lanthanide host matrix along with dopants were investigated for the prepared *** the upconversion luminescence,erbium-doped samples exhibit a predominance of red emission while holmium-doped samples display a prevalence of green *** rare-earth er/Ho doped KYbF4shows strong red emission compared to other ***_(4):Yb,er/Ho exhibits relatively significant green upconve rsion emissions,while Yb,er-doped KGdF_(4)host displays a 10-fold increase in green/red emission ratio with an increase in the input power of 20-780 *** photoluminescence studies and decay curve analysis were carried out using UV light excitation for the developed phosphors.A higher lifetime of 2.2 ms was measured for the downshifting red emission in the Ho doped KYbF_(4)*** study suggests a potential for colour tunability in the upconversion and downshifting emissions through host modifications to the fluoride phosphor.

关键词： Rare earths energy transfer upconversion Downshifting Colour coordinates

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evaluation of the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete structures with flat slab-column gravity frame and shear walls through nonlinear analysis methods

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earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 713-726页

作者： M.A.Najafgholipour S.Heidarian Radbakhsh e.erfani Department of Civil and environmental engineering Shiraz University of TechnologyShiraz ***Iran Department of Building Civiland Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontréal H3G 1M8Canada

This paper presents an investigation of the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete(RC)structures in which shear walls are the main lateral load-resisting elements and the participation of flat slab floor systems is not considered in the seismic design *** this regard,the behavior of six prototype structures(with different heights and plan layouts)is investigated through nonlinear static and time history analyses,implemented in the OpenSees *** results of the analyses are presented in terms of the behavior of the slab-column connections and their mode of failure at different loading ***,the global response of the buildings is discussed in terms of some parameters,such as lateral overstrength due to the gravity flat slab-column *** to the nonlinear static analyses,in structures in which the slab-column connections were designed only for gravity loads,the slab-column connections exhibited a punching mode of failure even in the early stages of ***,the punching failure was eliminated in structures in which a minimum transverse reinforcement recommended in ACI 318(2019)was provided in the slabs at joint ***,despite neglecting the contribution of gravity flat slab-column frames in the lateral load resistance of the structures,a relatively significant overstrength was imposed on the structures by the gravity frames.

关键词： RC flat slab-column frames seismic behavior nonlinear analysis time history analysis

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Adipose-derived regenerative therapies for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 324-333页

作者： Ilias e epanomeritakis Wasim S Khan Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Addenbrooke’s HospitalCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition with a significant disease burden and no disease-modifying *** treatment ultimately requires joint *** capable of regenerating cartilage could significantly reduce financial and clinical *** regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)has been extensively studied in the context of knee *** has yielded promising results in human studies,and is likely a product of immunomodulatory and chondroprotective biomolecules produced by MSCs in response to ***-derived MSCs(ASCs)are becoming increasingly popular owing to their relative ease of isolation and high proliferative *** vascular fraction(SVF)and micro-fragmented adipose tissue(MFAT)are produced by the enzymatic and mechanical disruption of adipose tissue,*** avoids expansion of isolated ASCs ex vivo and their composition of heterogeneous cell populations,including immune cells,may potentiate the reparative function of *** this editorial,we comment on a multicenter randomized trial regarding the efficacy of MFAT in treating knee *** discuss the study’s findings in the context of emerging evidence regarding adipose-derived regenerative *** underlying mechanism of action of ASCs is proposed while drawing important distinctions between the properties of isolated ASCs,SVF,and MFAT.

关键词： Knee osteoarthritis Mesenchymal stromal cells Adipose tissue Stromal vascular fraction Micro-fragmented adipose tissue Regeneration

Utilizing agro-industrial wastes panels in developing cost-efficient thermally insulating wall claddings for residential energy retrofitting in egypt

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energy and Built environment 2024年第5期5卷 683-703页

作者： e.A.Darwish Ayah Salem eldeeb Department of Architecture Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams University1 Sarayat StreetAbbaseyaCairoEgypt Department of Interior Architecture Faculty of Fine ArtsAlexandria University108 Abdel-Salam Aref StreetGeleemAlexandriaEgypt

Local agro-industrial wastes-based particleboards and fiberboards in egypt are manufactured mainly from sugarcane-bagasse and flax *** panels are used in decorations and interior *** paper aimed to broaden their market to be utilized in local low-cost and simple building envelope retrofitting packages in-stead of conventional packages that depend on imported expanded polystyrene and wet-rendered gypsum *** conductivities of various existing sugarcane-bagasse and flax-shives-based panels were measured to be used in developing multilayered interior claddings with adequate thermal insulating performance to increase the thermal mass of a validated non-insulated case-study residential building as recommended by the egyptian Code for energy efficiency of Residential *** retrofitted using the developed cladding assemblies were simulated using Design Builder to determine their achieved annual energy savings and predict their *** conductivities of sugarcane-bagasse and flax-shives-based particleboards were lower than wood-based cladding panels,with the range of 0.05-0.1166 W/***,the thermal conductivities of sugarcane-bagasse fiberboard had the range of 0.0926-01,111 W/mK which is significantly lower than wood-based *** results showed that both models retrofitted,sugarcane bagasse-based and flax shives-based,achieved better energy savings,5.07%and 5.04%,than the conventionally retrofitted model,3.73%.Furthermore,the flax-shives-based model showed higher profitability,with positive income achieved in the 15th year,than a con-ventionally retrofitted model,achieved in the 20th year,and the sugarcane-bagasse-based model,achieved in the 19th ***,it was recommended that although flax-shives-based wall claddings were usually 14-20%thicker than sugarcane-bagasse-based claddings,they provided similarly high annual energy savings with lower initial costs and higher profitability.

关键词： Sugarcane bagasse Flax shives Medium density fiberboard particleboards Design Builder

Mixing and matching SMXL proteins to fine-tune strigolactone responses

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1167-1169页

作者： Jenna e.Hountalas Shelley Lumba Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Centre for the Analysis of Genome evolution and Function University of Toronto25 Willcocks StreetTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada

A common mechanism in plant hormone signaling is hormonedependent degradation of downstream *** the case of strigolactone(SL)signaling,one group of SUPPReSSOR OF MORe AXILLARY BRANCHeS 2(MAX2)1-LIKe(SMXL)proteins undergoes hormone-dependent degradation,while another does not.A recent publication in Molecular Plant by Li et al.(2024)illustrates that mixing and matching a SMXL resistant to SL degradation with a SMXL sensitive to SL degradation finely tunes SL *** phenomenon could reflect a naturally occurring negative transdominance,which is a dominantnegative effect arising not from a mutant allele of the same gene but rather from a different gene altogether(Veitia,2007).This trans-acting protein attenuates SL-dependent degradation of the SMXL *** findings have exciting implications for how different SMXL combinations could result in a gradient of SL responses.

关键词： complex. matching degradation