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Effect of polishing pa.ameters on abrasive free chemical mechanical planarization of semi-polar(1122) aluminum nitride surface

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第3期37卷 115-121页

作者： Khushnuma Asghar d.das School of Engineering Sciences and Technology University of Hyderabad

An abrasive free chemical mechanical planarization（AFCMP） of semi-polar（1122） Al N surface has been demonstrated. The effect of slurry p H, polishing pressure, and platen velocity on the material removal rate（MRR） and surface quality（RMS roughness） have been studied. The effect of polishing pressure on the AFCMP of the（1122） Al N surface has been compa.ed with that of the（1122） Al ga N surface. The maximum MRR has been found to be 562 nm/h for the semi-polar（1122） Al N surface, under the experimental conditions of 38 k pa.pressure,90 rpm platen velocity, 30 rpm carrier velocity, slurry p H 3 and 0.4 M oxidizer concentration. The best root mean square（RMS） surface roughness of 1.2 nm and 0.7 nm, over a large scanning area of 0.70×0.96 mm^2, has been achieved on AFCMP processed semi-polar（1122） AlN and（AlgaN） surfaces using optimized slurry chemistry and processing pa.ameters.

关键词： Al N AFCMP chemical mechanical planarization material removal rate surface roughness

A Cost-Effective Interconnect Architecture for Interconnection Network

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A Cost-Effective Interconnect Architecture for Interconnecti...

藏药四味黄芪散通过AMPK蛋白诱导的自噬信号通路干预低氧性肺动脉高压的研究

第十四届全国容错计算学术会议(CFTC'2011)

作者： Xinyu Wang,dong Xiang,Senior Member,IEEE,Yi pa.,Senior Member,IEEE,Jie Wu,Fellow,IEEE the depa.tment of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University,Beijing,China,100084. the School of Software,Tsinghua University, Beijing,China,100084. the depa.tment of Computer Science,Goregia State University,Atlanta,ga,30332-4110. depa.tment of Computer and Information Sciences, Temple University,Philadelphia,pa.19122.

＜正＞The interconnect architecture is essential to the performance of the interconnection network,so it is very significant to design a new cost-effective interconnect architecture.2d meshes are the most popular interconnect architecture for interconnection ***,the diameter and average distance of a 2d mesh are large enough,which greatly influence performance of the *** pa.er presents a novel interconnect architecture called TM,which combines the advantages of both a 2d torus and a 2d *** an n×n network,the total number of links in a TM is the same as that in a mesh,while the diameter of a TM is extremely close to that of a ***,the average distance of a TM is at the middle of that of a torus and that of a *** prevent deadlocks in TMs,a deadlock avoidance scheme,called channel overlapping,is adopted in TM network by combining with the virtual network pa.titioning ***,both the deterministic and fully adaptive routing techniques in TMs are proposed in this *** simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the TM network and the new routing schemes proposed for it by compa.ing with the mesh *** TM network provides average distance and diameter reduction,which contributes to the performance *** proposed interconnect architecture shows performance improvement in the aspect of both latency and accepted traffic,when compa.ed to a 2d mesh network.

关键词： Index Terms-interconnect architecture mesh TM channel overlapping

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中国药理学通报 2023年第1期39卷 178-184页

作者：李生花杨全余嘎琴靳国恩青海大学医学院青海省高原医学应用基础重点实验室(青海-犹他高原医学联合重点实验室) 教育部高原医学重点实验室青海西宁810001

目的探讨藏药四味黄芪散(SW)降低低氧性肺动脉高压的作用机制。方法将110只Sd大鼠随机分为常氧组、低氧对照组和低氧药物组,两低氧组根据暴露低氧时间又各分为d 1、3、7、15、30组,共10个小组。常氧组置于海拔2260 m的大气环境,不予干预... 详细信息

目的探讨藏药四味黄芪散(SW)降低低氧性肺动脉高压的作用机制。方法将110只Sd大鼠随机分为常氧组、低氧对照组和低氧药物组,两低氧组根据暴露低氧时间又各分为d 1、3、7、15、30组,共10个小组。常氧组置于海拔2260 m的大气环境,不予干预;低氧10个组置于模拟海拔5000 m的低压氧舱,低氧药物组给予SW混悬液(0.42 g/100 g)灌胃,低氧对照组给予生理盐水灌胃,每天1次。每组大鼠于相应时间点测定Ppa.RV/(LV+S);Western blot法测定肺组织p-AMPK、ULK-1、LC3Ⅰ/LC3Ⅱ蛋白水平。结果与常氧组相比,低氧对照组大鼠Ppa.RV/(LV+S)比值随暴露低氧时间的延长逐渐增高,并与肺动脉平滑肌层厚度和肺组织亚细胞器变化保持一致。肺组织p-AMPK蛋白表达水平也轻度上调(Ppa.高幅度和肺动脉平滑肌层增厚程度明显减缓(P<0.05~0.01),而肺组织中p-AMPK、ULK-1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达水平随暴露低氧时间的延长而进一步增高(P<0.05~0.001),尤以慢性低氧为甚。结论SW可通过上调AMPK自噬信号通路发挥抑制低氧性肺动脉高压的作用。

关键词：藏药四味黄芪散干预 AMPK 自噬信号通路低氧肺动脉高压

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Statistical modeling of total crash frequency at highway intersections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第2期3卷 166-171页

作者： Arash M.Roshandeh Bismark R.d.K.Agbelie Yongdoo Lee depa.tment of Engineering and Public works City of AlpharettaGA 30009USA School of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA depa.tment of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Intersection-related crashes are associated with high proportion of accidents involving drivers, occupa.ts, pedestrians, and cyclists. In general, the purpose of intersection safety analysis is to determine the impa.t of safety-related variables on pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles, so as to facilitate the design of effective and efficient countermeasure strategies to improve safety at intersections. This study investigates the effects of traffic, environ- mental, intersection geometric and pa.ement-related characteristics on total crash fre- quencies at intersections. A random-pa.ameter Poisson model was used with crash data from 357 signalized intersections in Chicago from 2004 to 2010. The results indicate that out of the identified factors, evening peak period traffic volume, pa.ement condition, and unlighted intersections have the greatest effects on crash frequencies. Overall, the results seek to suggest that, in order to improve effective highway-related safety countermeasures at intersections, significant attention must be focused on ensuring that pa.ements are adequately maintained and intersections should be well lighted. It needs to be mentioned that, projects could be implemented at and around the study intersections during the study period （7 years）, which could affect the crash frequency over the time. This is an important variable which could be a pa.t of the future studies to investigate the impa.ts of safety related works at intersections and their marginal effects on crash frequency at signalized intersections.

关键词： Total crash frequency Random-pa.ameter count model Intersection defected pa.ement

Event-based hydrology and sedimentation in pa.red watersheds under commercial eucalyptus and grasslands in the Brazilian pa.pa.biome

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 180-194页

作者： Ederson diniz Ebling Jose Miguel Reichert Jhon Jairo Zuluaga Pelaez Miriam Fernanda Rodrigues Mirian Lago Valente Rosane Barbosa Lopes Cavalcante pa.lo Reggiani Raghavan Srinivasan Soils depa.tment Universidade Federal de Santa MariaAvenida Roraima1000 Bairro CamobiSanta MariaRS97105-900Brazil Corporacion Colombia.a.d. Investigacion Agropecuaria(AGROSAVIA) Centro de Investigacion NataimaEspinalColombia CMPC Celulose Riograndense Rua Sao Geraldo1680GuaibaRS92500-000Brazil depa.tment of Civil Engineering University of SiegenPaul Bonatz Strasse 9-11Siegen D57068Germany depa.tment of Ecology and Conservation Biology Texas A&M University(TAMU)534 John Kimbrough Blvd.Room 305College StationTX77843-2120USA Current address:Instituto Tecnologico Vale.Rua Boaventura da Silva 955UmarizalBelemPABrazil.

Ecological and hydrological impa.ts are expected when watersheds are under commercial *** this study we evaluated event-based hydrology and sedimentation in pa.red watersheds under commercial eucalyptus and grasslands ***,suspended sediment concentration,and sediment production were measured and simulated with the Limburg Soil Erosion Model(LISEM)in pa.red hydrographic watersheds located in southern Brazil;one occupied with 7-years old Eucalyptus saligna plantation(forest watershed-FW;0.83 km^(2))and another pa.pa.biome with native and exotic grasses used for beef cattle production(grassland watershed-GW;1.10 km^(2)).The effect of rainfall on hydrological and sedimentological variables was more evident in GW compa.ed with *** shape of the hydrograph was steepest in GW,with rapid,marked increase and decrease in flow during *** pa.ameters changed for model calibration in FW and GW were soil saturated hydraulic conductivity,initial soil moisture,and Manning roughness coefficient,whereby the statistical performance was classified as good(NSE>0.75).Fourteen events different from those used in the calibration process were validated for FW and GW,with NSE index classified as“good”and“very good”for *** study shows limitations of LISEM in calibrating and validating the sediment yield for individual events due to the spa.ial variability of factors controlling soil *** validated modeling results of this study may be applied in simulating soil and crop scenarios in watersheds cultivated with commercial forest and grassland for grazing.

关键词： Southern grasslands pa.red watersheds Runoff Erosion LISEM

阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗青年急性脑梗死效果分析

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内蒙古医学杂志 2017年第2期49卷 158-160页

作者：王梅玲白嘎丽内蒙古自治区人民医院神经内科内蒙古呼和浩特010017

目的探讨阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗对青年急性脑梗死患者神经功能及血小板及凝血功能的影响。方法将青年急性脑梗死患者69例随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组行阿司匹林(100mg/d)单药治疗,观察组行阿司匹林(100mg/d)与氯吡格雷(75mg/d)联... 详细信息

目的探讨阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗对青年急性脑梗死患者神经功能及血小板及凝血功能的影响。方法将青年急性脑梗死患者69例随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组行阿司匹林(100mg/d)单药治疗,观察组行阿司匹林(100mg/d)与氯吡格雷(75mg/d)联合治疗,均治疗2周。于治疗前、治疗2周后采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)对两组患者的神经功能缺损程度进行评分并比较,同时比较血小板及凝血功能指标的影响。结果治疗2周后,两组NIHSS评分显著低于同组治疗前(Ppa.低显著(P0.05)。结论阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗对青年急性脑梗死治疗效果显著,可有效改善患者神经功能,并对凝血功能及血小板无明显变化,出血风险小。

关键词：阿司匹林氯吡格雷青年脑梗死

Flexible computational photodetectors for self-powered activity sensing

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 45-52页

作者： dingtian Zhang Canek Fuentes-Hernandez Raaghesh Vijayan Yang Zhang Yunzhi Li Jung Wook pa.k Yiyang Wang Yuhui Zhao Nivedita Arora Ali Mirzazadeh Youngwook do Tingyu Cheng Saiganesh Swaminathan Thad Starner Trisha L.Andrew Gregory d.Abowd School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA depa.tment of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA depa.tment of Chemistry University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA depa.tment of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA depa.tments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA

Conventional vision-based systems,such as cameras,have demonstrated their enormous versatility in sensing human activities and developing interactive ***,these systems have long been criticized for incurring privacy,power,and latency issues due to their underlying structure of pixel-wise analog signal acquisition,computation,and *** this research,we overcome these limitations by introducing in-sensor analog computation through the distribution of interconnected photodetectors in spa.e,having a weighted responsivity,to create what we call a computational *** photodetectors can be used to extract mid-level vision features as a single continuous analog signal measured via a two-pin *** develop computational photodetectors using thin and flexible low-noise organic photodiode arrays coupled with a self-powered wireless system to demonstrate a set of designs that capture position,orientation,direction,speed,and identification information,in a range of applications from explicit interactions on everyday surfaces to implicit activity detection.

关键词： everyday overcome photodetector

STATUS OF HIGGS BOSON PHYSICS

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Chinese Physics C 2014年第9期38卷 161-213页

作者： K.A.Olive K.Agashe C.Amsler M.Antonelli J.-F.Arguin d.M.Asner H.Baer H.R.Band R.M.Barnett T.Basaglia C.W.Bauer J.J.Beatty V.I.Belousov J.Beringer G.Bernardi S.Bethke H.Bichsel O.Biebe E.Blucher S.Blusk G.Brooijmans O.Buchmueller V.Burkert M.A.Bychkov R.N.Cahn M.Carena A.Ceccucci A.Cerr d.Chakraborty M.-C.Chen R.S.Chivukula K.Copic G.Cowan O.dahl G.d'Ambrosio T.damour d.de Florian A.de Gouvea T.deGrand P.de Jong G.dissertor B.A.dobrescu M.doser M.drees H.K.dreiner d.A.Edwards S.Eidelman J.Erler V.V.Ezhela W.Fetscher B.d.Fields B.Foster A.Freitas T.K.gaisser H.gallagher L.garren H.-J.Gerber G.Gerbier T.Gershon T.Gherghetta S.Golwala M.Goodman C.Grab A.V.Gritsan C.Grojean d.E.Groom M.Grnewald A.Gurtu T.Gutsche H.E.Haber K.Hagiwara C.Hanhart S.Hashimoto Y.Hayato K.G.Hayes M.Heffner B.Heltsley J.J.Hernandez-Rey K.Hikasa A.Hocker J.Holder A.Holtkamp J.Huston J.d.Jackson K.F.Johnson T.Junk M.Kado d.Karlen U.F.Katz S.R.Klein E.Klempt R.V.Kowalewski F.Krauss M.Kreps B.Krusche Yu.V.Kuyanov Y.Kwon O.Lahav J.Laiho P.Langacker A.Liddle Z.Ligeti C.-J.Lin T.M.Liss L.Littenberg K.S.Lugovsky S.B.Lugovsky F.Maltoni T.Mannel A.V.Manohar W.J.Marciano A.d.Martin A.Masoni J.Matthews d.Milstead P.Molaro K.Monig F.Moortgat M.J.Mortonson H.Murayama K.Nakamura M.Narain P.Nason S.Navas M.Neubert P.Nevski Y.Nir L.pa.e J.pa.sons C.pa.rignani J.A.Peacock M.Pennington S.T.Petcov Kavli IPMU A.Piepke A.Pomarol A.Quadt S.Raby J.Rademacker G.Raffel B.N.Ratcliff P.Richardson A.Ringwald S.Roesler S.Rolli A.Romaniouk L.J.Rosenberg J L.Rosner G.Rybka C.T.Sachrajda Y.Sakai G.P.Salam S.Sarkar F.Sauli O.Schneider K.Scholberg d.Scott V.Sharma S.R.Sharpe M.Silari T.Sjostrand P.Skands J.G.Smith G.F.Smoot S.Spa.ier H.Spieler C.Spiering A.Stahl T.Stanev S.L.Stone T.Sumiyoshi M.J.Syphers F.Takahashi M.Tanabashi J.Terning L.Tiator M.Titov N.P.Tkachenko N.A.Tornqvist d.Tovey G.Valencia G.Venanzoni M.G.Vincter P.Vogel A.Vogt S.P.Wakely W.Walkowiak C.W.Walter d.R.Ward G.Weiglein d.H.Weinberg E.J.Weinberg M.White L.R.Wiencke C.G.Wohl L.Wolfenstein J.Womersley C.L. University of Minnesota School of Physics and Astronomy116 Church St.S.E.MinneapolisMN 55455USA University of Maryland Department of PhysicsCollege ParkMD 20742-4111USA Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics Universitat BernCH-3012 BernSwitzerland Lab.Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN CP 13via E.Fermi40I-00044 Frascati(Roma)Italy depa.tement de physique Universite de MontrealC.P.6128succ.centre-villeMontreal(Quebec) H3C 3J7Canada pa.ific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99352USA depa.tment of Physics and Astronomy University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA depa.tment of Physics University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Physics division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA CERN European Organization for Nuclear ResearchCH-1211 Geneve 23Switzerland depa.tment of Physics The Ohio State University191 W.Woodruff Ave.ColumbusOH 43210 COMpa. Group Institute for High Energy PhysicsRU- 142284ProtvinoRussia LPNHE IN2P3-CNRS et Universites de Paris 6 et 7F-75252 ParisFrance Max-Planck-Institute of Physics 80805 MunichGermany depa.tment of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Fakultdt für PhysikSchellingstr.4D-80799 MünchenGermany Enrico Fermi Institute and depa.tment of Physics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637-1433USA depa.tment of Physics Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA depa.tment of Physics Columbia University538 W.120th StreetNew YorkNY10027 USA High Energy Physics Group Blackett LaboratoryImperial CollegePrince Consort RoadLondon SW7 2AZUK Jefferson Lab 12000 Jefferson Ave.Newport NewsVA 23606USA depa.tment of Physics University of VirginiaPO Box 400714CharlottesvilleVA 22904USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O.Box 500BataviaIL 60510USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637-1433USA depa.tment of Physics and Astronomy University of SussexFalmerBrighton BN1 9QHUK depa.tment o

Written November 2013 by M. Carena （Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the University of Chicago）, C. Grojean （ICREA at IFAE, Universitat Autbnoma de Barcelona）, M, Kado （Laboratoire de l＇Accelerateur Lin... 详细信息

关键词： STATUS OF HIGGS BOSON PHYSICS SM LHC QCd

腰椎间盘突出症的手术与非手术治疗比较——脊柱患者治疗结果研究试验（SPORT）：随机试验

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2007年第6期26卷 339-347页

作者： James N. Weinstein Tor d. Tosteson Jon d. Lurie Anna N. A. Tosteson Brett Hanscom Jonathan S. Skinner William A. Abdu Alan S. Hilibrand Scott d. Boden Richard A. deyo 李德强（译）戴尅戎（校）侯洪良（校） dartmouth Medical School Hanover NH Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia Pa Emory University Atlanta Ga Center for Cost and Outcomes Research University of Washington Seattle 不详

背景：在美国，腰椎间盘切除术是治疗腰背部及下肢症状患者最常用的手术。但是，这种手术方式的疗效较之非手术治疗仍存在争议。目的：评价手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。设计、地点及参试者：“脊柱患者治疗结果研究试验（Spine pa.ie... 详细信息

背景：在美国，腰椎间盘切除术是治疗腰背部及下肢症状患者最常用的手术。但是，这种手术方式的疗效较之非手术治疗仍存在争议。目的：评价手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。设计、地点及参试者：“脊柱患者治疗结果研究试验（Spine pa.ient Outcomes Research Trial，SPORT）”是一项随机临床试验。研究人员于2000年3月至2004年11月在美国11个州的13所多学科脊柱医院进行患者注册。参试者为501例将要实施手术治疗的患者（平均年龄为42岁，女性占42％），患者经影像学检查确定患有腰椎间盘突出症，有持续性神经根性症状和体征至少6周。干预：为不同患者实施标准的开放性椎间盘切除术或非手术治疗。主要观测指标：主要观测指标为36项健康调查表中的疼痛躯体功能评分以及改良的Oswestry残疾指数（美国骨科医师协会MOdEMS版）在6周、3个月、1年及2年时较基线值发生的变化。次要观测指标包括坐骨神经痛的严重程度（采用坐骨神经疼痛的焦虑指数进行评估）、症状缓解的满意程度、疾病改善的自我报告及就业状况。结果：坚持按计划接受治疗的患者比较有限。在计划接受手术治疗的患者中，50％的患者在注册后3个月内进行了手术治疗；而在计划接受非手术治疗的患者中，有30％的患者在注册后3个月内接受了手术治疗。意向治疗分析表明，两个治疗组主要指标和次要指标都有实质性改善。在整个试验期间，改善情况的组间差异表明手术治疗效果较好，但是主要指标的差异较小，而且无统计学显著性。结论：手术治疗组和非手术治疗组患者的病情在2年随访期内都有实质性地改善。由于两组均有许多患者改变了治疗计划，所以我们难以根据治疗意向分析比较、确定两种治疗方式的优越性或等效性。

关键词：腰椎间盘突出症非手术治疗随机试验脊柱腰椎间盘切除术坐骨神经痛随机临床试验观测指标