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Role of mushrooms in soil mycoremediation:a review

应用与环境生物学报 2020年第2期26卷 460-468页

作者： Minhaz Uddin Dan Zhang ram proshad M.K.Haque Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ConservancyChengdu 610041China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Crop Science and Technology University of RajshahiRajshahi-6025Bangladesh

Bioremediation is an innovative and promising technology available for the removal and recovery of heavy metals from contaminated media. Bioremediation uses organisms to absorb heavy metals at low cost and with no secondary pollution. Bioremediation by macrofungi that degrade pollutants or wastes is referred to as mycoremediation. Macrofungi, like mushrooms, can produce enzymes and have the ability to degrade and accumulate a wide range of toxic metals. In this paper, the research status and advances in the field of mycoremediation using different mushroom species are reviewed. Generally mushrooms use three effective strategies to recover contaminated or polluted soils: biodegradation, bioconversion, and biosorption. Mushrooms can degrade and recycle wastes and pollutants to their mineral constituents and convert wastes, sludge, and pollutants into useful forms. In addition, they can uptake heavy metals from substrates via biosorption, which is a very effective method to reclaim polluted lands. Different wild and cultivated mushroom species are used in mycoremediation, which can degrade large quantities of organic and inorganic pollutants and produce vendible products. Mycoremediation is still in its infancy, but it has notable remediation potential for pollutants or metals in soil. Mushroom species that can biodegrade, bioconvert, or absorb pollutants and metals effectively should be given the highest preference. Further research is needed to verify that this method is an easy, cost effective,and eco-friendly tool.

关键词： bioremediation mycoremediation heavy metal mushroom

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Effects of soil conservation practices on soil erosion and the size selectivity of eroded sediment on cultivated slopes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第5期18卷 1222-1234页

作者： XU Lu ZHANG Dan proshad ram CHEN Yu-lan HUANG Tian-fang UGURLU Aysenur Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Liangshan Company of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Co. Xichang 615000China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Soil conservation practices can greatly affect the soil erosion process,but limited information is available about its influence on the particle size distribution(PSD)of eroded sediment,especially under natural *** this study,the runoff,sediment yields,and effective/ultimate PSD were measured under two conventional tillage practices,downhill ridge tillage(DT)and plat tillage(PT)and three soil conservation practices,contour ridge tillage(CT),mulching with downhill ridge tillage(MDT),and mulching with contour ridge tillage(MCT)during 21 natural rainfall events in the lower Jinsha *** results showed that(1)soil conservation practices had a significant effect on soil *** conventional tillage of DT caused highest runoff depth(0.58 to 29.13 mm)and sediment yield(0.01 to 3.19 t hm^(-2)).Compared with DT,the annual runoff depths and sediment yields of CT,MDT and MCT decreased by 12.24%-49.75%and 40.79%-88.30%,respectively.(2)Soil conservation practices can reduce the decomposition of aggregates in *** ratios of effective and ultimate particle size(E/U)of siltand sand-sized particles of DT and PT plots were close to 1,indicating that they were transported as primary particles,however,values lower/greater than 1 subject to CT,MDT and MCT plots indicated they were transported as *** ratios of E/U of claysized particles were all less than 1 independently of tillage practices.(3)The sediments of soil conservation practices were more selective than those of conventional tillage *** CT,MDT and MCT plots,the average enrichment ratios(ERs)of clay,silt and sand were 1.99,1.93 and 0.42,respectively,with enrichment of clay and silt and depletion of sand in ***,the compositions of the eroded sediments of DT and PT plots were similar to that of the original *** findings support the use of both effective and ultimate particle size distributions for studying the size selectivity of eroded sediment,and provide a scien

关键词： Natural rainfall Runoff and sediment yield Soil particle size distribution Enrichment ratio Purple soil

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