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Silybin counteracts lipid excess and oxidative stress in cultured steatotic hepatic cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 6016-6026页

作者： Giulia Vecchione Elena Grasselli Adriana Voci Francesca Baldini Ignazio Grattagliano David QH Wang piero Portincasa Laura Vergani DISTAV Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences University of Genova Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate in vitro the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of silybin in a cellular model of hepatic ***: Rat hepatoma FaO cells were loaded with lipids by exposure to 0.75 mmol/L oleate/palmitate for 3 h to mimic liver steatosis. Then, the steatotic cells were incubated for 24 h with different concentrations (25 to 100 μmol/L) of silybin as phytosome complex with vitamin E. The effects of silybin on lipid accumulation and metabolism, and on indices of oxidative stress were evaluated by absorption and fluorescence microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, spectrophotometric and fluorimetric ***: Lipid-loading resulted in intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation inside lipid droplets, whose number and size increased. TG accumulation was mediated by increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). The lipid imbalance was associated with higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, stimulation of catalase activity and activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Incubation of steatotic cells with silybin 50 μmol/L significantly reduced TG accumulation likely by promoting lipid catabolism and by inhibiting lipogenic pathways, as suggested by the changes in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), PPAR and SREBP-1c levels. The reduction in fat accumulation exerted by silybin in the steatotic cells was associated with the improvement of the oxidative imbalance caused by lipid excess as demonstrated by the reduction in ROS content, lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and NF-κB ***: We demonstrated the direct anti-steatotic and anti-oxidant effects of silybin in steatotic cells, thus elucidating at a cellular level the encouraging results demonstrated in clinical and animal studies.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatotic hepatocytes Silybin Lipid metabolism Oxidative stress Lipid droplets Mitochondrial β -oxidation

Does kidney transplantation onto the external iliac artery affect the haemodynamic parameters of the cavernosal arteries？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 621-625页

作者： Paolo Gontero Marco Oderda Claudia Filippini Francesco Fontana Elisa Lazzarich piero Stratta Ernesto Turello Alessandro Tizzani Bruno Frea Department of Urotogy-l A.O.U.S. Giovanni Battista University of Turin Turin 10126 Italy Department of Anesthesiology A.O.U.S. Giovanni Battista University of Turin Turin 10126 Italy Department of Urology Vercelli Hospital Verceili 13100 Italy Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplant University of Eastern Piedmont Maggiore della Carita Hospital Novara 28100 Italy Department of Urology University of Udine Udine 33100 Italy

Reduced cavernosal arterial inflow has been hypothesized to be the likely cause of erectile dysfunction after kidney transplants in recipients revascularized through end-to-end anastomosis to the internal lilac artery, suggesting that end-to-side anastomosis at the external iliac artery is preferable. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effect of the use of the external iliac artery on erectile function, hormone profiles and penile blood flow by evaluating changes in penile colour Doppler ultrasound parameters in a consecutive series of 22 recipients before and after end-to-side external lilac artery transplantation. The mean International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function （IIEF-EF） domain score decreased significantly 3 months after transplant （18.09±6.33 vs. 22.50±7.09, P=O.01）. The reduction in peak systolic velocity （PSV） was significant for the cavernous artery homolateral to the side of transplant （42.60±18.77 vs. 52.01±19.91, P=0.01）. The mean postoperative end diastolic velocity （EDV） did not differ significantly from the preoperative value （P=0.74）. No statistical differences were found in the serum levels of testosterone or prolactin. Kidney grafts anastomosed at the external lilac artery produced significant （P=0.01） reductions in arterial inflow at the homolateral cavernosal artery that remained above the normal threshold. Whether these haemodynamic changes can explain the worsening of postoperative erectile function remains to be proven.

关键词： cavernosal arteries Doppler erectile dysfunction external iliac artery kidney transplant

Neurodegenerative diseases as proteinopathies-driven immune disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 850-856页

作者： Fausta Ciccocioppo Giuseppina Bologna Eva Ercolino Laura Pierdomenico Pasquale Simeone Paola Lanuti Damiana Pieragostino piero Del Boccio Marco Marchisio Sebastiano Miscia Department of Medicine and Aging Science University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I-MeT) University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-PescaraChietiItaly

In the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders,the role of misfolded protein deposition leading to neurodegeneration has been primarily *** the last decade,however,it has been proposed a parallel involvement of innate immune activation,chronic inflammation and adaptive immunity in the neurodegeneration mechanisms triggered by *** insights in the neurodegenerative field strongly suggest a role for the immune system in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative ***,the hypothesis underlining the modulation of the innate and the adaptive immune system in the events linked to brain deposition of misfolded proteins could open new perspectives in the setting of specific immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative ***,we have reviewed the pathogenic hypothesis in neurodegenerative pathologies,underling the links between the deposition of misfolded protein mechanisms and the immune activation.

关键词： adaptive immunity choroid plexus immunotherapy innate immunity neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation proteinopathies

Hepatic echinococcosis:Clinical and therapeutic aspects

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1448-1458页

作者： Giuseppe Nunnari Marilia R Pinzone Salvatore Gruttadauria Benedetto M Celesia Giordano Madeddu Giulia Malaguarnera piero Pavone Alessandro Cappellani Bruno Cacopardo Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Catania95125 CataniaItaly Department of Microbiology and Immunology Jefferson Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson University19107 PhiladelphiaUnited States Department of Surgery University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Clinical Experimental and Oncological MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Sassari07100 SassariItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria OVE-PoliclinicoUniversity of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Surgery General Surgery and Senology UnitUniversity of Catania95100 CataniaItaly

Echinococcosis or hydatid disease （HD） is a zoonosis caused by the larval stages of taeniid cestodes belong- ing to the genus Echinococcus. Hepatic echinococcosis is a life-threatening disease, mainly differentiated into alveolar and cystic forms, associated with Echinoc- cus multilocularis （E. multi/ocular/s） and Echinococcus granulosus （E. granulosus） infection, respectively. Cys- tic echinococcosis （CE） has a worldwide distribution, while hepatic alveolar echinococcosis （AE） is endemic in the Northern hemisphere, including North America and several Asian and European countries, like France, Germany and Austria. E. granulosus young cysts are spherical, unilocular vesicles, consisting of an internal germinal layer and an outer acellular layer. Cyst expansion is associated with a host immune reaction and the subsequent development of a fibrous layer, called the per/cyst; old cysts typically present internal septa- tions and daughter cysts. E. multilocularis has a tumor-like, infiltrative behavior, which is responsible for tissue destruction and finally for liver failure. The liver is the main site of HD involvement, for both alveolar and cystic hydatidosis. HD is usually asymptomatic for a long period of time, because cyst growth is commonly slow; the most frequent symptoms are fatigue and abdominal pain. Patients may also present jaundice, hepatomegaly or anaphylaxis, due to cyst leakage or rupture. HD diagnosis is usually accomplished with the combined use of ultrasonography and immunodiagnosis; furthermore, the improvement of surgical techniques, the introduction of minimally invasive treatments [such as puncture, aspiration, injection, re-aspiration （PAIR）] and more effective drugs （such as benzoimidazoles） have deeply changed life expectancy and quality of life of patients with HD. The aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date review of biological, diagnostic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of hepatic echinococcosis.

关键词： Hydatidosis Cystic echinococcosis Alveolarechinococcosis Liver PAIR Albendazole Treatment Diagnosis

Primary sclerosing cholangitis: Updates in diagnosis and therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第1期11卷 7-16页

作者： piero Portincasa Michele Vacca Antonio Moschetta Michele Petruzzelli Giuseppe Palasciano Karel J.van Erpecum Gerard P.van Berge-Henegouwen Section of Internal Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic syndrome of unknown origin mostly found in males, and characterized by diffuse inflammation and fibrosis of both intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts. So far, PSC is considered as an autoimmune hepatobiliary disease. In most cases the progression of PSC towards liver cirrhosis and liver failure is slow but irreversible, and liver transplantation is currently the only definitive treatment. In recent years,PSC has been an area of active research worldwide with great interest in etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic options such as hydrophilic ursodeoxycholic acid and immunosuppressive agent tacrolimus. Recent updates on clinical and therapeutic aspects of PSC are discussed in the present review.

关键词： Sclerosing cholangitis Diagnosis Therapy

Extraintestinal manifestations in a large series of Italian inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17463-17467页

作者： Maddalena Zippi Claudia Corrado Roberta Pica Eleonora Veronica Avallone Claudio Cassieri Daniela De Nitto Paolo Paoluzi piero Vernia Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Sandro Pertini Hospital00157 RomeItaly Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Gastroenterology Unit"Sapienza"University of Rome00157 RomeItaly

AIM: To investigate prevalence, type and time of onset of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) in a series of Italian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Extraintestinal manifestations Inflammatory bowel diseases Musculoskeletal manifestations Ulcerative colitis

Arthroereisis in juvenile flexible flatfoot:Which device should we implant?A systematic review of literature published in the last 5 years

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第6期12卷 433-444页

作者： Andrea Vescio Gianluca Testa Mirko Amico Claudio Lizzio Marco Sapienza piero Pavone Vito Pavone Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties Section of Orthopedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Policlinico-San MarcoUniversity of CataniaCatania 95123Italy Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Pediatrics and Child NeuropsychiatryUniversity of CataniaCatania 95123Italy

BACKGROUND Flexible flatfoot(FFF)is a very common condition in children,characterized by the loss of the medial arch and by an increase in the support base with valgus of the ***(AR)procedures are widely performed corrective surgeries and are classified as subtalar AR and calcaneo-stop(CS).AIM We investigated the literature published in the last 5 years with the aim of providing an update on the evidence related to AR treatment in FFF *** report the principal findings of subtalar AR and CS procedures concerning clinical and radiological outcomes and complication rates in the general population,young athletes,and obese people according to material *** Following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,a systematic review of studies published in the past 5 years and included the PubMed and Science Direct databases was performed on May 6,*** research string used was(pediatric OR children OR Juvenile NOT adult)AND(flexible NOT rigid)AND(flat foot OR pes planus)AND(calcaneo-Stop OR arthroereisis OR subtalar extra-articular screw OR SESA OR subtalar arthroereisis OR endosinotarsal).The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Dutch checklist form for *** A total of 47 articles were ***,after reading the full text and checking reference lists,we selected 17 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.A total of 1864 FFFs were *** studies concerned the subtalar AR(47.1%)and nine concerning CS(52.9%).The average age of patients at start of treatment was 11.8 years,the average follow-up of the studies was 71.9 mo(range 29.1-130).Globally,complications occurred in 153 of the 1864 FFF treated,with a rate of 8.2%.CONCLUSION Both AR procedures are valid surgical techniques for treating *** experience,implant cost,and cosmetic correction are the most common considerations included in the orthopedic device decision-making proce

关键词： Pes planus Arthroereisis Treatment Calcaneo-stop Subtalar arthroereisis Complication

The first comprehensive Milky Way stellar mock catalogue for the Chinese Space Station Telescope Survey Camera

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第11期66卷 206-220页

作者： Yang Chen Xiaoting Fu Chao Liu piero Dal Tio Léo Girardi Giada Pastorelli Alessandro Mazzi Michele Trabucchi Hao Tian Dongwei Fan Paola Marigo Alessandro Bressan School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230601China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210023China Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei Universitàdi PadovaPadovaI-35122Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova PadovaI-35122Italy National Astronomical Data Center Beijing100101China SISSA via Bonomea 365TriesteI-34136Italy

The Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST)is a cutting-edge two-meter astronomical space telescope currently under *** primary Survey Camera(SC)is designed to conduct large-area imaging sky surveys using a sophisticated seven-band photometric *** resulting data will provide unprecedented data for studying the structure and stellar populations of the Milky *** support the CSST development and scientific projects related to its survey data,we generate the first comprehensive Milky Way stellar mock catalogue for the CSST SC photometric system using the TRILEGAL stellar population synthesis *** catalogue includes approximately 12.6 billion stars,covering a wide range of stellar parameters,photometry,astrometry,and kinematics,with magnitude reaching down to g=27.5 mag in the AB magnitude *** catalogue represents our benchmark understanding of the stellar populations in the Milky Way,enabling a direct comparison with the future CSST survey ***,it sheds light on faint stars hidden from current sky *** crowding limit analysis based on this catalogue provides compelling evidence for the extension of the CSST Optical Survey(OS)to cover low Galactic latitude *** strategic extension of the CSST-OS coverage,combined with this comprehensive mock catalogue,will enable transformative science with the CSST.

关键词： The Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST) stellar content and populations Milky Way sky surveys

Comparison of four proton pump inhibitors for the short-term treatment of esophagitis in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第33期13卷 4467-4472页

作者： Alberto Pilotto Marilisa Franceschi Gioacchino Leandro Carlo Scarcelli Luigi piero D'Ambrosio Francesco Paris Vito Annese Davide Seripa Angelo Andriulli Francesco Di Mario Geriatric Unit Department of Medical Sciences & Gerontology and Geriatrics Laboratories Department of Research IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" San Giovanni Rotondo (FG) Italy Geriatric Unit Department of Medical Sciences & Gerontology and Geriatrics Laboratories Department of Research IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" San Giovanni Rotondo (FG) Italy Gastroenterology Department University of Parma Parma Italy Gastroenterology Unit IRCCS De BellisCastellana Grotte Bari Italy Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical Sciences IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" San Giovanni Rotondo (FG) Italy Gastroenterology Department University of Parma Parma Italy

AIM: To compare efficacy and tolerability of four proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) commonly used in the short-term therapy of esophagitis in elderly ***: A total of 320 patients over 65 years with endoscopically diagnosed esophagitis were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments for 8 wk: (1) omeprazole 20 mg/d; (2) lansoprazole 30 mg/d; (3) pantoprazole 40 mg/d, or (4) rabeprazole 20 mg/d. Major symptoms, compliance, and adverse events were recorded. After 8 wk, endoscopy and clinical evaluation were ***: Per protocol and intention to treat healing rates of esophagitis were: omeprazole = 81.0% and 75.0%, lansoprazole = 90.7% (P = 0.143 vs omeprazole) and 85.0%, pantoprazole = 93.5% (P = 0.04 vs omeprazole) and 90.0% (P = 0.02 vs omeprazole), rabeprazole = 94.6% (P = 0.02 vs omeprazole) and 88.8% (P = 0.04 vs omeprazole). Dividing patients according to the grades of esophagitis, omeprazole was significantly less effective than the three other PPIs in healing grade 1 esophagitis (healing rates: 81.8% vs 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively, P = 0.012). Pantoprazole and rabeprazole (100%) were more effective vs omeprazole (89.6%, P = 0.0001)and lansoprazole (82.4%, P = 0.0001) in decreasing heartburn. Pantoprazole and rabeprazole (92.2% and 90.1%, respectively) were also more effective vs lansoprazole (75.0%, P < 0.05) in decreasing acid regurgitation. Finally, pantoprazole and rabeprazole (95.2% and 100%) were also more effective vs lansoprazole (82.6%, P < 0.05) in decreasing epigastric ***: In elderly patients, pantoprazole and rabeprazole were significantly more effective than omeprazole in healing esophagitis and than omeprazole or lansoprazole in improving symptoms. H pylori infection did not influence the healing rates of esophagitis after a short-term treatment with PPI.

关键词： Elderly Esophagitis Proton pump inhibitors