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Repeatability of two-dimensional chemical shift imaging multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for measuring human cerebral choline-containing compounds

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第1期8卷 20-26页

作者： Basant K Puri Mary Egan Fintan Wallis philip Jakeman department of Medicine Hammersmith HospitalImperial College London department of Radiology University Hospital Limerick Centre for Interventions in Infection Inflammation and Immunity University of Limerick

AIM To investigate the repeatability of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the in vivo measurement of human cerebral levels of choline-containing compounds(Cho).METHOdS Two consecutive scans were carried out in six healthy resting subjects at a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T. On each occasion, neurospectroscopy data were collected from 64 voxels using the same 2 d chemical shift imaging(CSI) sequence. The data were analyzed in the same way, using the same software, to obtain the values for each voxel of the ratio of Cho to creatine. The Wilcoxon related-samples signed-rank test, coefficient of variation(CV), repeatability coefficient(RC), and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) were used to assess the repeatability. RESULTS The CV ranged from 2.75% to 33.99%, while the minimum RC was 5.68%. There was excellent reproducibility, as judged by significant ICC values, in 26 voxels. Just three voxels showed significant differences according to the Wilcoxon related-samples signed-rank test. CONCLUSION It is therefore concluded that when CSI multivoxel proton neurospectroscopy is used to measure cerebral choline-containing compounds at 1.5 T, the reproducibility is highly acceptable.

关键词： Cerebral metabolites Chemical shift imaging Choline Neurospectroscopy Neuropsychiatric disorders

Impact on dietary intake of a self-directed, gender-tailored diabetes prevention program in men

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World Journal of diabetes 2017年第8期8卷 414-421页

作者： Megan E Rollo Elroy J Aguiar Kirrilly M Pursey philip J Morgan Ronald C Plotnikoff Myles d Young Clare E Collins Robin Callister Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan department of Kinesiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Education Faculty of Education and Arts University of Newcastle Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle

AIMTo investigate changes in dietary intake following a 6-mo randomised controlled trial of the self-directed, gender-tailored type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2dM) Prevention Using LifeStyle Education (PULSE) program in men. METHOdSMen aged 18-65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) 25-40 kg/m2, and at high risk for developing T2dM were recruited from the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. Eligible participants were randomised into one of two groups: (1) waitlist control; or (2) PULSE intervention. dietary intake was assessed at baseline and immediately post-program using the Australian Eating Survey food frequency questionnaire and diet quality measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS). RESULTSOne hundred and one participants (n = 48, control; n = 53, intervention, mean age 52.3 ± 9.7 years, BMI of 32.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) commenced the study. Following the active phase, differences between groups were observed for proportion of total energy consumed from healthful (core) foods (+7.6%EI, P dense, nutrient-poor foods (-7.6%EI, P dium (-369 mg, P = 0.047), and diet quality (ARFS) (+4.3, P = 0.004), including sub-scales for fruit (+1.1, P = 0.03), meat (+0.9, P = 0.004) and non-meat protein (+0.5, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONThe PULSE prevention program’s nutrition messages led to significant improvements in dietary intake in men at risk of T2dM.

关键词： dietary intake diet quality Men diabetes prevention program Self-directed

Enhanced Structural Complexity Index:An Improved Index for describing Forest Structural Complexity

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Open Journal of Forestry 2013年第1期3卷 23-29页

作者： philip Beckschafer philip Mundhenk Christoph Kleinn Yinqiu Ji douglas W.Yu Rhett d.Harrison Chair of Forest Inventory and Remote Sensing Georg-August-Universitat GottingenGottingenGermany State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina School of Biological Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichUK Key Laboratory for Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunChina

The horizontal distribution of stems, stand density and the differentiation of tree dimensions are among the most important aspects of stand structure. An increasing complexity of stand structure is often linked to a higher number of species and to greater ecological stability. For quantification, the Structural Complexity Index (SCI) describes structural complexity by means of an area ratio of the surface that is generated by connecting the tree tops of neighbouring trees to form triangles to the surface that is covered by all triangles if projected on a flat plane. Here, we propose two ecologically relevant modifications of the SCI: The degree of mingling of tree attributes, quantified by a vector ruggedness measure, and a stem density term. We investigate how these two modifications influence index values. data come from forest inventory field plots sampled along a disturbance gradient from heavily disturbed shrub land, through secondary regrowth to mature montane rainforest stands in Mengsong, Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,China. An application is described linking structural complexity, as described by the SCI and its modified versions, to changes in species composition of insect communities. The results of this study show that the Enhanced Structural Complexity Index (ESCI) can serve as a valuable tool for forest managers and ecologists for describing the structural complexity of forest stands and is particularly valuable for natural forests with a high degree of structural complexity.

关键词： Forest Structure Index Structural Complexity Stem Map Species Composition NMdS

Engineered human pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells with Pd-L1 responsive immunological memory for enhanced immunotherapeutic efficacy

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 168-180页

作者： Yun Chang Gyuhyung Jin Weichuan Luo Qian Luo Juhyung Jung Sydney N.Hummel Sandra Torregrosa-Allen Bennett d.Elzey philip S.Low Xiaojun Lance Lian Xiaoping Bao davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research West LafayetteIN47907USA department of Comparative Pathobiology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA department of Biomedical Engineering The Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesDepartment of BiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Adoptive chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-engineered natural killer(NK)cells have shown promise in treating various ***,limited immunological memory and access to sufficient numbers of allogenic donor cells have hindered their broader preclinical and clinical ***,we first assess eight different CAR constructs that use an anti-Pd-L1 nanobody and/or universal anti-fluorescein(FITC)single-chain variable fragment(scFv)to enhance antigen-specific proliferation and anti-tumor cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells against heterogenous solid *** next genetically engineer human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)with optimized CARs and differentiate them into functional dual CAR-NK *** tumor microenvironment responsive anti-Pd-L1 CAR effectively promoted hPSC-NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity through antigen-dependent activation of phosphorylated STAT3(pSTAT3)and pSTAT5 signaling pathways via an intracellular truncated IL-2 receptorβ-chain(ΔIL-2Rβ)and STAT3-binding tyrosine-X-X-glutamine(YXXQ)***-tumor activities of Pd-L1-induced memory-like hPSC-NK cells were further boosted by administering a FITC-folate bi-specific adapter that bridges between a programmable anti-FITC CAR and folate receptor alpha-expressing breast tumor ***,our hPSC CAR-NK engineering platform is modular and could constitute a realistic strategy to manufacture off-the-shelf CAR-NK cells with immunological memory-like phenotype for targeted immunotherapy.

关键词： Natural killer cells Human pluripotent stem cells Immunological memory Immunotherapy Chimeric antigen receptor

Simplifying the ShangRing technique for circumcision in boys and men: use of the no-flip technique with randomization to removal at 7 days versus spontaneous detachment

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第4期21卷 324-331页

作者： Mark A Barone philip S Li Richard K Lee daniel Ouma Millicent Oundo Mukhaye Barasa Jairus Oketch Patrick Otiende Nixon Nyangweso Mary Maina Nicholas Kiswi Betty Chirchir Marc Goldstein Quentin d Awori EngenderHealth Washington DC 20004 USA Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical College New York Presbyterian Hospital New York NY 10065 USA Engender Health Nairobi 00100 Kenya Bon Sante Consulting Nairobi 00100 Kenya Homa Bay County Teaching and Referral Hospital Homa Bay 40300 Kenya Vipingo Health Centre Vipingo 80119 Kenya

To assess safety of the no-flip ShangRing male circumcision technique and to determine clinical course and safety of spontaneous detachme nt (i.e., allowing the device to fall off), we con ducted a case series of no-flip ShangRing circumcision combined with a randomized controlled trial of removal 7 days postcircumcision versus spontaneous detachment at two health facilities in Kenya. The primary outcome was the safety of the no-flip technique based on moderate and severe adverse events (AEs) during the procedure and through 42-day follow-up. A main sec on dary outcome was clinical course and safety of spontan eous detachment. Two hundred and thirty males 10 years and older underwent no?flip circumcision;114 randomized to 7-day removal and 116 to spontaneous detachment. All circumcisions were successfully completed. Overall 5.3%(6/114) of participants in the 7-day group and 1.7%(2/116) in the spontan eous group had an AE;with no d iff ere nces when compared to the 3% AE rate in historical data from African studies using the original flip technique (P = 0.07 and P = 0.79, respectively). Overall 72.4%(84/116) of participants in the spontaneous group wore the ShangRing until it detached. Among the remaining (27.6%;32/116), the ring was removed, primarily at the participants1 request, due to pain or discomfort. There was no d iff ere nee in AE rates (P = 0.169), visit day declared healed (P= 0.324), or satisfaction (P= 0.371) between randomization groups. The median time to detachment was 14.0 (IQR: 7-21, range: 5-35) days. The no?flip technique and spontaneous detachment are safe, effective, and acceptable to boys and men 10 years and older. Phimosis and penile adhesions do not limit successful ShangRing circumcision with the no-flip technique.

关键词： HIV prevention male circumcision device no-flip technique ShangRing voluntary medical male circumcision

Apparent Formation Factor for Leachate-Saturated Waste and Sediments: Examples from the USA and China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第3期20卷 606-617页

作者： philip J Carpenter 丁爱中程莉蓉刘普新楚福录 department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalb IL 60115 USA College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Environmental Protection Bureau of Maoming Hebei Institute of Geophysics

The formation factor relates bulk resistivity to pore fluid resistivity in porous materials. Understanding the formation factor is essential in using electrical and electromagnetic methods to monitor ieachate accumulations and movements both within and around landfills. Specifically, the formation factor allows leachate resistivity, the degree of saturation, and, possibly, even the hydraulic conductivity of the waste to be estimated from non-invasive surface measurements. In this study, apparent formation factors are computed for three landfills with different types of waste as well as sediments contaminated by landfill leachate. Resistivity soundings at the closed Mallard North landfill in suburban Chicago （Illinois, USA） mapped leachate surfaces that were confirmed by monitoring wells. The resistivity of leachate-saturated waste from resistivity sounding inversions was then divided by the leachate resistivity values measured in-situ to compute apparent formation factors （Fa） ranging from 1.6 to 4.9. A global Fa of 3.0±1.9 was computed for the entire monitored portion of this landfill. At a nearby mixed laboratory waste landfill, a 2d inverted resistivity section was used to compute an Fa of 2.9. Finally, a distinctly different Fa value of 10.6±2.8 was computed for leachate-saturated retorted oil shale wastes north of Maoming （茂名）, Guangdong （广东） Province, China. Shallow aquifers in the Laohuling （老虎岭） Formation near this landfill are polluted by acidic leachate containing heavy metals and organic compounds. The Fa for aquifers containing contaminated groundwater fall in the same range as aquifers with normal groundwater, 1.7-3.9. However, models from inverted sounding curves over these contaminated areas exhibit unusually low resistivity layers, which may be diagnostic of contamination.

关键词： landfall leachate formation factor Archie's law Maoming.

Social Choice Meets Graph drawing: How to Get Subexponential Time Algorithms for Ranking and drawing Problems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2014年第4期19卷 374-386页

作者： Henning Fernau Fedor V.Fomin daniel Lokshtanov Matthias Mnich Geevarghese philip Saket Saurabh FB 4-Abteilung Informatikwissenschaften Universitt Trier D-54286 TrierGermany the department of Informatics University of Bergen N-5020 Bergen Norway Max-Planck-Institut fr Informatik D-66123 Saarbrcken Germany the Institute of Mathematical Sciences Chennai - 600113 India

We analyze a common feature of p-Kemeny AGGregation（p-KAGG） and p-One-Sided Crossing Minimization（p-OSCM） to provide new insights and findings of interest to both the graph drawing community and the social choice community. We obtain parameterized subexponential-time algorithms for p-KAGG—a problem in social choice theory—and for p-OSCM—a problem in graph drawing. These algorithms run in time O＊（2O（√k log k））,where k is the parameter, and significantly improve the previous best algorithms with running times O.1.403k/and O.1.4656k/, respectively. We also study natural ＂above-guarantee＂ versions of these problems and show them to be fixed parameter tractable. In fact, we show that the above-guarantee versions of these problems are equivalent to a weighted variant of p-directed feedback arc set. Our results for the above-guarantee version of p-KAGG reveal an interesting contrast. We show that when the number of ＂votes＂ in the input to p-KAGG is odd the above guarantee version can still be solved in time O＊（2O（√k log k））, while if it is even then the problem cannot have a subexponential time algorithm unless the exponential time hypothesis fails（equivalently, unless FPT d M[1]）.

关键词： Kemeny aggregation one-sided crossing minimization parameterized complexity subexponential-time algorithms social choice theory graph drawing directed feedback arc set

Sarcoma-associated sarcoid reaction: Report of cutaneous sarcoid reaction in a patient with liposarcoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第12期3卷 988-992页

作者： Bryce d Beutler philip R Cohen School of Allied Health Sciences University of Nevada department of dermatology University of California

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory condition in which noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas appear within one or several body sites. Sarcoid reaction(also referred to as sarcoidal or sarcoid-like reaction) occurs in patients who do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for systemic sarcoidosis but present with similar clinical and histological features. As sarcoma-associated sarcoid reactions are rare, we describe the features of sarcoid reaction that developed in a man with liposarcoma and summarize reports of other oncology patients with sarcoma-associated sarcoid reactions. A 68-yearold man with retroperitoneal liposarcoma presented for evaluation of erythematous dermal plaques on his left leg. Microscopic examination of a tissue specimen revealed multiple epithelioid granulomas in the superficial and mid-reticular dermis. Correlation of the clinical presentation and histopathologic findings established a diagnosis of liposarcoma-associated cutaneous sarcoid reaction. Sarcoid reactions have been described in only seven individuals with sarcoma, including two patients with leiomyosarcoma and one patient with either carcinosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, rhabdosarcoma, or synovial sarcoma. Sarcoidal granulomas most commonly develop within the locoregional draining lymph nodes. Sarcoid reactions may also affect other organs, such as the lungs, skin, and spleen.

关键词： Liposarcoma Malignancy Sarcoid Sarcoid reaction Sarcoidosis Sarcoma

Spatiotemporal Variations of Bioaerosols in the Vicinity of an Animal Feeding Operation Facility in the US

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第6期6卷 614-627页

作者： di Hu Lingjuan Wang-Li Otto d. Simmons III John J. Classen Jason A. osborne department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA department of Statistics North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

Bioaerosol emissions from animal feeding operation (AFO) facilities are of increasing interest due to the magnitude of the emissions and their potential health effect on local communities. There is limited information about fate and transport of AFO bioaerosol emissions. In this study, concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were measured at four ambient stations in four wind directions surrounding an egg production farm through winter, spring and summer using Andersen six-stage samplers. Mean concentrations of ambient bacteria and fungi ranged from 8.7 × 102 CFU m-3 to 1.3 × 103 CFU m-3 and from 2.8 × 102 CFU m-3 to 1.4 × 103 CFU m-3, respectively. Ambient bacterial concentrations were not significantly different over the seasons, while ambient fungal concentrations were the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. There were significant differences between downwind and upwind bacterial concentrations (p downwind bacterial and fungal concentrations responded differently to the influencing factors. Bacterial concentrations were quadratically correlated with wind vector (combined effects of wind speed and direction) and emission rate, were positively correlated with temperature, and were negatively correlated with solar radiation. Fungal concentrations were positively correlated with temperature, RH, and emission rate, and were negatively correlated with wind vector.

关键词： Animal Feeding Operation Bioaerosol Bacteria Fungi Temproal Variation Spatial Variation