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Evaluation of ambient air quality in Guangzhou, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 432-437页

作者： ZHOU Kai YE You-hua LIU Qiang LIU Ai-jun peng shao-lin South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Department of Biology Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 China Climatic and Agrometeorological Center of Guangdong Province Guangzhou 510080 China

On the basis of the reported air quality index （API） and air pollutant monitoring data provided by the Guangzhou Environment Monitoring Stations over the last twenty-five years, the characteristics of air quality, prominent pollutants, and variation of the average annual concentrations of SOE, NOE, total suspended particulate （TSP）, fine particulates （PM10）, CO and dustfall in Guangzhou City were analyzed. Results showed that TSP was the prominent pollutant in the ambient air environment of Guangzhou City. Of the prominent pollutants, TSP accounted for nearly 62%, SOE 12.3%, and NOx 6.4%, respectively. The average API of Guangzhou over 6 years was higher than that of Beijing, Tianjin, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou and Shanghai, and lower than that of Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou. Concentrations of air pollutants have shown a downward trend in recent years, but they are generally worse than ambient air quality standards for USA, Hong Kong and EU. SOE and NOx pollution were still serious, impling that waste gas pollution from all kinds of vehicles had become a significant problem for environmental protection in Guangzhou. The possible causes of worsening air quality were also discussed in this paper.

关键词： air pollution index (API) total suspended particulates (TSP) atmospheric quality Guangzhou

Population dynamics and considerations for the conservation of the rare Cycas fairylakea in China

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第2期14卷 118-123页

作者： WANG Dian-pei peng shao-lin CHEN Fei-peng JI Shu-yi College of Life Science and Technology Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan 432000P.R.China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650P.R.China College of Life Science Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275P.R.China College of Life Science South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642P.R.China

Quantitative dynamics and viability of a rare and wild Cycas fairylakea population were studied with a time-specific life table, a Leslie matrix model and a survival function in order to provide scientific guidance for its protection. The results of the time- specific life table show that this C. fairylakea population suffered a high death rate in three age classes, i.e., age class 1 （0-15 years）, V （61-75 years） and VI （76-90 years）. The Leslie matrix model suggests that the number of plants would decline from the present 1613 to 59 per hectare in 150 years. Furthermore, the viability analysis indicates that seedlings have the highest mortality density rate and that middle-aged plants （i.e., 61-75 years, 76-90 years） have high mortality density rate and hazard rate. These conditions affect natural regeneration of the population and lead to a lack of seedlings which in turn causes the extinction of the population. An in situ conservation of the population should be established and protection measures taken as soon as possible.

关键词： Cycasfairylakea population rare species time-specific life table Leslie matrix model viability

Soil Acidification in Response to Acid Deposition in Three Subtropical Forests of Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 399-408页

作者： LIU Ke-Hui FANG Yun-Ting YU Fang-Ming LIU Qiang LI Fu-Rong peng shao-lin State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Science Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 (China) College of Applied Science and Technology Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 (China) Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Dinghu Zhaoqing 526070 (China) College of Resource and Environment Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 (China) Department of Biology Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 (China)

Long-term changes in soil pH, the current status of soil acidification, and the response of bulk soil and soil water pH to experimental nitrogen addition under three subtropical forests were investigated in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve of subtropical China. The results showed that the mineral soil pH at 0-20 cm depth declined significantly from 4.60-4.75 in 1980s to 3.84-4.02 in 2005. Nitrogen addition resulted in the decrease of pH in both bulk soil and soil water collected at 20-cm depth. The rapid decline of soil pH was attributed to long-term high atmospheric acid deposition (nitrogen and sulphur) therein. The forest at earlier succession stage with originally higher soil pH appeared to be more vulnerable to acid deposition than that at later succession stage with originally low soil pH.

关键词： forest succession nitrogen addition soil pH

Simulation of the biomass dynamics of Masson pine forest under different management

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Journal of Forestry Research 2006年第4期17卷 305-311页

作者： ZHANG Gui-lian WANG Kai-yun LIU Xin-wei peng shao-lin Key laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration School of Resources and Environmental Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China Hydro-Biological Sciences and Engineering Department Laiyang Agricultural College Qingdao 266109 China State Key Laboratory forBbiological Control Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275

TREE submodel affiliated with TREEDYN was used to simulate biomass dynamics of Masson pine （Pinus massoniana） forest under different managements （including thinning, clear cutting, combining thinning with clear cutting）. The purpose was to represent biomass dynamics involved in its development, which can provide scientific arguments for management of Masson pine forest. The results showed the scenario that 10% or 20% of biomass of the previous year was thinned every five years from 15 to 40 years made total biomass of pine forest increase slowly and it took more time to reach a mature community; If clear cutting and thinning were combined, the case C （clear cutting at 20 years of forest age, thinning 50% of remaining biomass at 30 years of forest age, and thinning 50% of remaining biomass again at 40 years of forest age） was the best scenario which can accelerate speed of development of Masson pine forest and gained better economic values.

关键词： TREE submodel Biomass Rate of nitrogen uptake Dinghushan Masson pine forest

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城市热岛效应对城市规划的影响

中山大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 59-63页

作者：彭少麟叶有华中山大学有害生物控制及资源利用国家重点实验室广东广州510275

在综合分析城市热岛效应的基础上,论述了城市热岛效应对城市规划的影响。城市热岛效应是城市化形成的特殊城市气候,是现代都市的典型气候特征之一。城市热岛效应具有明显的时空分布特征,它的形成与城市下垫面性质和城市能耗等许多因子... 详细信息

在综合分析城市热岛效应的基础上,论述了城市热岛效应对城市规划的影响。城市热岛效应是城市化形成的特殊城市气候,是现代都市的典型气候特征之一。城市热岛效应具有明显的时空分布特征,它的形成与城市下垫面性质和城市能耗等许多因子有关。城市热岛效应对城市空气动力学、城市森林规划、城市色彩规划、城市能源规划以及城市规模等方面都具有极大的影响。城市规划部门和有关专家应根据城市热岛效应的形成机制及其时空分布特征,制定合理的城市规划,以期最大限度地消除或缓解城市热岛效应,实现经济、社会和自然的和谐发展。

关键词：城市热岛效应城市规划影响

Roots of pioneer trees in the lower sub-tropical area of Dinghushan, Guangdong, China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第5期7卷 377-385页

作者： HAO Yan-ru peng shao-lin MO Jiang-ming LIU Xin-wei CHEN Zhuo-quan ZHOU Kai WU Jin-rong South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510650 China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Representative pioneer tree root systems in the subtropical area of South China were examined with regard to their structure, underground stratification and biomass distribution. Excavation of skeleton roots and observation of fine roots of seven species including the Euphorbiaceae, Theaceae, Melastomataceae, Lauraceae and Fagaceae families was carried out. The results showed that：（1） Pioneer tree roots in the first stage of natural succession were of two types, one characterized by taproot system with bulky plagiotropic branches; the other characterized by flat root system with several tabular roots. The late mesophilous tree roots were characterized by one obvious taproot and tactic braches roots up and down. Shrub species roots were characterized by heart fibrous root type featured both by horizontally and transversally growing branches. Root shapes varied in different dominant species at different stages of succession. （2） Roots of the different species varied in the external features-color, periderm and structure of freshly cut slash. （3） In a set of successional stages the biomass of tree roots increased linearly with the age of growth. During monsoon, the total root biomass amounted to 115.70 t/ha in the evergreen broadqeaved forest; 50.61 t/ha in needle and broad-leaved mixed forest dominated by coniferous forest; and 64.20 t/ha in broad-and needle-leaved mixed forest dominated by broad-leaved heliophytes, and are comparable to the underground biomass observed in similar tropical forests. This is the first report about roots characteristics of forest in the lower sub-tropical area of Dinghushan, Guangdong, China.

关键词： Pioneer tree Tree roots Lower subtropical forest Dinghushan China

南亚热带演替群落的边缘效应及其对森林片断化恢复的意义

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生态学报 2000年第1期20卷 1-8页

作者：彭少麟中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510070

通过对鼎湖山两个群落及其边缘群落的长期定位研究,探讨南亚热带演替群落的边缘效应与森林片断化恢复。通过16a的定位研究,从测度群落的物种结构、多样性、生物量与生产力等指标的比较表明,马尾松林群落和混交林群落本身经过16a的演变,... 详细信息

通过对鼎湖山两个群落及其边缘群落的长期定位研究,探讨南亚热带演替群落的边缘效应与森林片断化恢复。通过16a的定位研究,从测度群落的物种结构、多样性、生物量与生产力等指标的比较表明,马尾松林群落和混交林群落本身经过16a的演变,虽然有所发展,但变化不大,群落性质没有改变;边缘群落原非常接近马尾松林群落,经过16a的演变,已经发展成为混交林群落,说明边缘效应的作用。边缘群落总体的边缘效应强度E值为1.669,其与各分量的边缘效应强度值均大于1,均为正效应。揭示了边缘效应在森林片断化的恢复过程的作用。在南亚热带优越的气候条件下,由于边缘效应的作用,自然植被的边缘扩张100m约需要20a时间。

关键词：南亚热带群落演替边缘效应森林片断化恢复

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恢复生态学与广东省复合农林业的发展

农业现代化研究 2000年第3期21卷 129-133页

作者：彭少麟中国科学院广州分院广州510070

恢复生态学研究对区域生态环境的改善和农业的发展具有重大的意义。广东省由于经济的高速发展和资源的过度利用 ,加上人口压力 ,使原有自然生态系统受到很大的干扰 ,退化生态系统大面积增加 ,严重地制约了农业生产的发展。长期的恢复生... 详细信息

恢复生态学研究对区域生态环境的改善和农业的发展具有重大的意义。广东省由于经济的高速发展和资源的过度利用 ,加上人口压力 ,使原有自然生态系统受到很大的干扰 ,退化生态系统大面积增加 ,严重地制约了农业生产的发展。长期的恢复生态学定点研究表明 ,通过综合整治 ,使退化生态系统得以恢复与重建 ,具有重大的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。在丘陵山区进行退化生态系统的恢复与重建实践中所构建的“林—果—草— (牧 )—鱼”复合生态系统 ,是高产、高质、高效的复合农林业模式 ,是促进地方农业经济发展的有效途径。

关键词：恢复生态学复合农林业广东生态恢复综合效益

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生态恢复经济学

生态学报 2009年第8期29卷 4441-4447页

作者：虞依娜彭少麟华南农业大学林学院广州510642 中山大学有害生物控制与资源利用重点实验室广州510275

在总结国内外关于生态恢复经济理论研究进展的基础上,提出了生态恢复经济学的学科含义、地位、特点和研究对象。生态恢复经济学是研究退化生态系统退化过程中的经济损失、退化生态系统恢复期间的成本效益以及恢复过程中的经济价值动态... 详细信息

在总结国内外关于生态恢复经济理论研究进展的基础上,提出了生态恢复经济学的学科含义、地位、特点和研究对象。生态恢复经济学是研究退化生态系统退化过程中的经济损失、退化生态系统恢复期间的成本效益以及恢复过程中的经济价值动态变化的一门交叉性学科。它以人类可持续利用为核心,研究生态系统退化、恢复和重建过程中生态系统与经济系统之间客观运动规律及其机理的一门科学。生态恢复经济学具有综合性和实践性的特点,它是生态经济学和恢复生态学的重要分支学科,在生态经济学理论体系中具有特别重要的地位。

关键词：生态恢复经济学学科地位学科特点学科内容