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Progress, Problems, and Improving Methods of Non-Engineering Countermeasures Against Urban Meteorological Disasters in China

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2017年第1期5卷 67-82页

作者： XIN Yuan JIANG Hairu KONG Feng LV Lili peng yinghui Development Research Centre China Meteorological Administration China Meteorological Press

During China’s rapid urbanization, cities are threatened by ever more severe meteorological disasters. Urban meteorological disasters are characterized by massive destruction, high diffusion,and extensive social impact, which further complicate prevention and control. Therefore, nonengineering countermeasures are given a more prominent role in the process. China has primarily established a system of non-engineering countermeasures against urban meteorological ***, this system does have its problems and flaws. The authors propose that disaster prevention should be technology-based and carried out in a scientific manner. A well-rounded disaster prevention institution should be established, and social participation must be *** meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and early warning abilities should be enhanced,prevention and control plans improved, relative legislation and administration completed, and social participation promoted so as to strengthen China’s non-engineering response to meteorological disasters.

关键词： Meteorological disasters non-engineering countermeasures China city

Dock4 R853H, a mutation associated with dyslexia, impairs neurite outgrowth and synaptic development

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Dock4 R853H, a mutation associated with dyslexia, impairs ne...

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Shengnan Li yinghui peng Chunmei Liang Lei Shi JNU-HKUST Joint Lab for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research Jinan University

Objective Abnormal regulation of synapse leads to dysfunction of neural circuits and causes a variety of neurological diseases in brain development. Accumulating evidence indicates that dedicator of cytokinesis 4（Dock4）, an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor（GEF） for Rac1 and Rap1, is associate with autism and schizophrenia. Recently research found that Dock4 R853 H mutant, an amino acid mutation in Dock4, is associated with dyslexia. This present study aims to explore whether the R853 H mutation of Dock4 affects its molecular function and whether it results in dysfunction of neuronal development. Methods Using mouse neuroblastoma（Neuro-2 a） cells and hippocampus neurons as models, we studied the protein stability, cellular localization and activation of Rac1 and Rap1 of Dock4 R853 H mutant. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth and synaptic development were characterized to compare the neurological function of Dock4 wildtype（WT） and R853 H mutant. Results（1） Dock4 R853 H mutant activates Rac1 properly, but loses the ability to activate Rap1.（2） In Neuro-2 a or hippocampus neurons, R853 H mutant disrupts Dock4 function in promoting neurite outgrowth and synaptic development, which was rescued by activation of Rap1 GTPase.（3） Hippocampal neurons expressed with Dock4 R853 H had weaker synaptic transmission when compared to WT-expressed neurons. Conclusion The dyslexia linked mutant R853 H of Dock4 impairs its function in neurite outgrowth and synaptic development, suggesting that R853 is a previously unknown essential site for the integrity of Dock4 function.

关键词： Dock4 Dyslexia Guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rac1 Rap1 Neurite Synapse

Dock4, an autism/dyslexia related protein, regulates synapse morphogenesis and neural behaviors

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Dock4, an autism/dyslexia related protein, regulates synapse...

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Daji Guo yinghui peng Chunmei Liang Xiaoyu Sun Lei Shi JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory of Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research Jinan University

Objective Autism spectrum disorder（ASD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, defective communication, and stereotypic, repetitive behaviors. Genome wide studies have revealed a large number of susceptibility genes related to ASD, and many of them encode synaptic proteins at excitatory glutamatergic synapses, dysfunction of which is a key pathophysiology in ASD. Dock4, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is abundantly expressed at the postsynaptic sites, has been reported to be associated with autism and dyslexia, a reading disorder showing high comorbidity with autism. Previous studies by others and us using in vitro models have shown that Dock4 is important for normal neurite outgrowth and spine morphogenesis. The present study aims to further dissect the in vivo function of Dock4. Methods We have generated a Dock4 knockout（KO） mouse line to test autism-related behaviors and learning and memory abilities when Dock4 is absent. Furthermore, neuroanatomical phenotypes of these mice and molecular mechanism regulated by Dock4 were characterized. Results（1） Dock4 KO mice showed features of ASD-like behaviors such as impaired social preference and anxiety.（2） Dock4 KO mice exhibited impaired dendritic spine density in hippocampus neurons.（3） Dock4 KO mice showed disrupted Glu A and Glu N receptor function. Conclusion Dock4 may play an important role in maintaining the number of dendritic spines and normal behaviors by regulating Glu A and Glu N receptor function.

关键词： Autism Dyslexia Dock4 Rho GTPase synapse GluA receptor GluN receptor

VFM技术在评估扩张性心肌病患者左室腔内血流能量损耗中的应用

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实用医学杂志 2018年第5期34卷 800-805页

作者：朱达彭映辉云南省中医医院急诊科昆明650021

目的通过血流向量成像(VFM)来研究扩张性心肌病患者左心室(LV)腔内在等容收缩期(IVC)的血流特征。方法对2015年10月至2016年11月本院收治的58例扩张性心肌病患者(观察组)和56例健康志愿者(对照组)的心尖长轴切面进行彩色多普旋涡勒血流... 详细信息

目的通过血流向量成像(VFM)来研究扩张性心肌病患者左心室(LV)腔内在等容收缩期(IVC)的血流特征。方法对2015年10月至2016年11月本院收治的58例扩张性心肌病患者(观察组)和56例健康志愿者(对照组)的心尖长轴切面进行彩色多普旋涡勒血流显像。在离线VFM工作站上分析IVC期间的血流信号。结果在IVC开始时,对照组漩涡的面积(15±3)cm^2和流量(36±8)cm^2/s均显著小于观察组[(27±8)cm^2,(45±12)cm^2/s,均P=0.000]。在IVC结束时,两组涡旋流量相似[(28±4)cm^2/s vs.(29±11)cm^2/s,P=0.617],对照组旋涡的面积显著小于观察组[(16±3)cm^2vs.(24±9)cm^2,P=0.000]。在IVC期间,对照组旋涡的面积轻微增加并不显著(P=0.073),但流量明显减少[(10±27)%];观察组旋涡的面积和流量均显著下降,其中流量减少了(29±54)%,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。当主动脉瓣开口时,观察组在LV室的中部和基底部的平均血流速度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在多变量模型中,左心室射血分数减少是IVC期间旋涡面积百分比下降的唯一独立预测因子(P=0.000),QRS宽度(P=0.026)和左心室收缩末期长径(P=0.004)是旋涡流量百分比减少的独立预测因子。结论 VFM技术能够通过旋涡显像更好地评估扩张性心肌病患者的IVC期间LV腔内血流能量损耗的病理生理状态。

关键词：血流向量成像超声心动图扩张型心肌病等容收缩期旋涡

考虑供水能力的梯级水库群资源多维均衡配置研究

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水利水电技术（中英文） 2021年第5期52卷 64-70页

作者：彭英慧张磊山东水利职业学院山东日照276826 吉林大学吉林长春130000

梯级水库群均衡配置问题是一个非线性、多维的优化问题,为提升梯级水库群整体效益,更合理的运用资源,研究考虑供水能力的梯级水库群资源多维均衡配置方法。通过极端随机森林模型挖掘梯级水库群配置信息,考虑不同水库供水能力决策变量与... 详细信息

梯级水库群均衡配置问题是一个非线性、多维的优化问题,为提升梯级水库群整体效益,更合理的运用资源,研究考虑供水能力的梯级水库群资源多维均衡配置方法。通过极端随机森林模型挖掘梯级水库群配置信息,考虑不同水库供水能力决策变量与供水能力决策因子的回归关系,采用梯级水库输入变量选择方法优选供水能力决策因子,利用径向基函数构建梯级水库群配置规则;以配置期内梯级水库群整体效益最优为目标,通过遗传算法进行对配置规则实施多目标逐次优化,获取最优梯级水库群配置规则集,实现梯级水库群资源的均衡配置。以大渡口流域为研究对象进行模拟配置,模拟结果显示该种方法可同时提升梯级水库群的供水与发电能量,实现梯级水库群整体效益最优。无论是以供水能力还是以发电能力为主要目标,该方法优选的供水能力决策因子都可有效调节汛期与非汛期的水资源利用方法,提升梯级水库群整体效益。

关键词：供水能力梯级水库群多维均衡配置决策因子配置规则

Identification of a compound that promotes synaptic function and ameliorates cognition deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice

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Identification of a compound that promotes synaptic function...

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Xiaoji Zhuang Yumei Liao Xuan-Yue Ma Xiaojie Huang yinghui peng Lei Shi JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research Jinan University

Objective Alzheimer’s disease（AD） is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory dysfunction and increasingly severe dementia. The most widely accepted hypothesis is that aggregation of β-amyloid（Aβ） leads to a series of devastating effects to the nervous system, such as synaptic failure and neuronal death. The current drug development for AD therapy is mainly designed to antagonize Aβ, but the effect on cognition would be limited if the synaptic function is not restored. It is recently found that protein synthesis（m RNA translation） is impaired in AD brain, which leads to insufficient synthesis of critical proteins for synaptic function and neuronal survival. Therefore, identification of compounds that has the ability to enhance protein synthesis in neurons will be beneficial for the restoration of synaptic function and memory in AD. We previously found a compound C6, which induces robust protein synthesis in neuronal cell lines. This study aims to test whether this compound promotes synaptic function in hippocampal neurons, and whether it restores the synaptic and memory defects in AD modeled mice. Methods A puromycin labeling method was performed to test protein synthesis;Immunofluorescence and western-blot were used to test the expression of synaptic proteins;APP/PS1 transgenic mice, a widely accepted mouse model of AD, was used to test the treatment effect of C6;novel object recognition test was used to test learning and memory of the mice. Results（1） C6 promoted de novo protein synthesis in hippocampal neurons;（2） C6 increased the expression of synapsin I and PSD95;（3） C6 promoted dendritic spine formation in hippocampal neurons which depended on translation;（4） C6 improved novel object recognition in APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion C6, through upregulating protein synthesis, promotes synaptic function in cultured neurons and restores cognition functions in APP/PS1 mice.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease protein synthesis dendritic spines synapse novel object recognition

Identification of a compound that promotes neuronal differentiation by increasing protein synthesis

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Identification of a compound that promotes neuronal differen...

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Yumei Liao Xiaoji Zhuang Xiaojie Huang Xuan-Yue Ma yinghui peng Lei Shi JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research Jinan University

Objective Neuronal differentiation is crucial for neuronal development and regeneration. The discovery of new compounds to induce neurogenesis may be beneficial for the identification of new therapeutic strategies for neuronal degeneration and injury. In our previous study, a novel compound C6 has been found to induce neuronal differentiation in Neuro-2 a cells. However, the mechanisms regulated by C6 are not yet known. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of this compound in regulating differentiation and to identify the potential targets or molecular mechanism involved in this process. Methods Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation（i TRAQ）-based proteomic method, we identified a global protein changes after treating with C6 for 2 hours;Western blot and q PCR were used to validate the differentially regulated proteins;Puromycin labeling and BONCAT（bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging） approaches were combined to identify the specific effect of C6 on new protein synthesis. Sh RNAs were used to test whether the detected proteins were important for neuronal differentiation. Results（1） C6 mainly up-regulated the expression of Nucleic acid binding and metabolic process proteins;（2） Four transcription regulators related to neuronal differentiation were confirmed to be up-regulated by C6 at protein levels but not m RNA levels;（3） Protein synthesis was up-regulated by C6, while blockade of translation inhibited C6 effect on upregulation of transcription regulators and neuronal differentiation;（4） Neuronal differentiation was blocked when knockdown the upregulated transcription regulators. Conclusion C6 promotes neuronal differentiation by increasing protein synthesis of a series of transcription regulators.

关键词： C6 neurite outgrowth iTRAQ transcription factor protein synthesis m RNA translation BONCAT

新时代学科建设理论和实践的探索——首届学科建设高端论坛综述

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学位与研究生教育 2019年第8期 58-62页

作者：彭颖晖牛晶晶江西科技师范大学教育学院江西师范大学教育学院南昌330013 北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院北京100081

为深入贯彻落实党的十九大和习近平总书记关于高等教育系列重要讲话精神,探讨新时代新形势下学科建设的理论,总结分享高校学科建设的成果与经验,推动学科建设发展,2019年4月13日,首届学科建设高端论坛在南昌召开。会议围绕新时代学科建... 详细信息

为深入贯彻落实党的十九大和习近平总书记关于高等教育系列重要讲话精神,探讨新时代新形势下学科建设的理论,总结分享高校学科建设的成果与经验,推动学科建设发展,2019年4月13日,首届学科建设高端论坛在南昌召开。会议围绕新时代学科建设的理论、高校学科建设的成果与经验展开深入的探讨,通过本次论坛,与会代表对学科建设的基本内涵、主要战略、行动举措有了更加深刻的认识。

关键词：新时代学科建设跨学科学科评价综述

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一流学科建设的三种导向:价值的冲突与统一

研究生教育研究 2019年第1期 64-68页

作者：刘小强彭颖晖江西师范大学教务处南昌330022 江西师范大学马克思主义学院南昌330022 江西科技师范大学研究生院南昌330013

一流学科建设涉及政府、高校和学者三个主体,不同主体基于不同的立场有不同的价值取向,从而在实践上形成了一流学科建设三种不同的导向:政府的服务导向、高校的排名导向和学者的成果导向。三个主体追求不同,三个导向旨趣各异,严重削弱... 详细信息

一流学科建设涉及政府、高校和学者三个主体,不同主体基于不同的立场有不同的价值取向,从而在实践上形成了一流学科建设三种不同的导向:政府的服务导向、高校的排名导向和学者的成果导向。三个主体追求不同,三个导向旨趣各异,严重削弱了一流学科建设的成效。知识转型带来学科建设的转型,一流学科建设必须坚持服务导向。在服务导向下实现三个主体价值取向的统一,需要政府确保相关政策在服务导向上的一致和统一,需要高校改变学科建设的管理方式和科研评价办法。

关键词：一流学科建设导向价值冲突