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Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 33-35页

作者： Ke-Qing Xiao Chao Liang Zimeng Wang jingjing peng Yao Zhao Ming Zhang Mingyu Zhao Shuiqing Chen Yong-Guan Zhu Caroline L.Peacock State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC)[1]. In a recent study published in Nature [2],the authors used a data-driven machinelearning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a positive correlation between CUE and SOC content and that, based on sensitivity analysis, CUE is at least four times as important as six other evaluated factors,namely plant C inputs, C input allocation, non-microbial C transfer, substrate decomposability, environmental modifications and vertical transport.

关键词： SOIL-CARBON ORGANIC-MATTER

Structure-based design of pan-coronavirus inhibitors targeting host cathepsin L and calpain-1

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1651-1664页

作者： Xiong Xie Qiaoshuai Lan Jinyi Zhao Sulin Zhang Lu Liu Yumin Zhang Wei Xu Maolin Shao jingjing peng Shuai Xia Yan Zhu Keke Zhang Xianglei Zhang Ruxue Zhang jian Li Wenhao Dai Zhen Ge Shulei Hu Changyue Yu Jiang Wang Dakota Ma Mingyue Zheng Haitao Yang Gengfu Xiao Zihe Rao Lu Lu Leike Zhang Fang Bai Yao Zhao Shibo Jiang Hong Liu Drug Discovery and Design Center State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchCAS Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/NHC/CAMS) School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China School of Chinese Materia Medica Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine138 Xian Lin RoadJiangsu 210023 NanjingChina School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease Shenzhen Third People's HospitalShenzhen 518112China

Respiratory disease caused by coronavirus infection remains a global health *** several SARS-CoV-2-specific vaccines and direct-acting antivirals are available,their effcacy on emerging coronaviruses in the future,including SARS-CoV-2 variants,might be ***-targeting antivirals provide preventive and therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and manage future outbreak of emerging *** L(CTSL)and calpain-1(CAPN1)are host cysteine proteases which play crucial roles in coronaviral entrance into cells and infection-related immune ***,two peptidomimetic a-ketoamide compounds,14a and 14b,were identified as potent dual target inhibitors against CTSL and *** X-ray crystal structures of human CTSL and CAPN1 in complex with 14a and 14b revealed the covalent binding of a-ketoamide groups of 14a and 14b to C25 of CTSL and C115 of *** showed potent and broad-spectrum anticoronaviral activities in vitro,and it is worth noting that they exhibited low nanomolar potency against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern(VOCs)with ECso values ranging from 0.80 to 161.7 nM in various *** mechanistic exploration indicated that they exhibited anticoronaviral activity through blocking viral ***,14a and 14b exhibited good oral pharmacokinetic properties in mice,rats and dogs,and favorable safety in *** addition,both 14a and 14b treatments demonstrated potent antiviral potency against SARS-CoV-2 XBB 1.16 variant infection in a K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse *** 14b also showed effective antiviral activity against HCoV-OC43 infection in a mouse model with a final survival rate of 60%.Further evaluation showed that 14a and 14b exhibited excellent antiinflammatory effects in Raw 264.7 mouse macrophages and in mice with acute *** together,these results suggested that 14a and 14b are promising drug candidates,providing novel insight into developing pan-coronavirus inhibitors with anti

关键词： calpain overcome entrance

古井老枞茶树生态系统中细菌与真菌群落多样性特征分析

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微生物学报 2024年第4期64卷 1110-1126页

作者：郑智胜周艳黄卫红陈小尘薛喜枚吴宝川彭静静莫佳伟张秋芳泉州师范学院海洋与食品学院福建泉州362000 武夷山国家公园科研监测中心福建南平354300 武夷山一地好茶生态茶业研究所福建南平354300 中国科学院城市环境研究所福建厦门361021 中国农业大学资源与环境学院北京100193

【目的】古井老枞经过漫长生长形成了独特“枞味”,而山场是茶叶品质形成的重要因素,微生物在山场生态系统的生物地球化学循环过程中可能起着关键作用,但老枞生态系统微生物群落组成特征还尚未明确。【方法】以生长于武夷山国家公园慧... 详细信息

【目的】古井老枞经过漫长生长形成了独特“枞味”,而山场是茶叶品质形成的重要因素,微生物在山场生态系统的生物地球化学循环过程中可能起着关键作用,但老枞生态系统微生物群落组成特征还尚未明确。【方法】以生长于武夷山国家公园慧苑坑古井区域的老枞茶树为研究对象,采集茶树地上部叶片(叶际和叶内)和地下部土壤(根际、非根际和非茶园种植区空白),分别以细菌16S rRNA基因和真菌内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)基因为分子标记,采用高通量测序技术分析其细菌和真菌群落组成特征。【结果】老枞茶树地上部细菌和真菌群落丰富度和多样性皆显著低于地下部。共现性网络中,各生态位网络的模块化指数均超过0.4,且微生物物种之间的协同作用大于竞争。门水平,变形菌(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌(Acidobacteriota)、放线菌(Actinobacteriota)、子囊菌(Ascomycota)和担子菌(Basidiomycota)皆为地上和地下共有优势菌门(相对丰度>1%),地上部变形菌、放线菌和子囊菌含量高于地下部,而酸杆菌和担子菌则相反(P<0.05);属水平,优势物种中甲基杆菌(Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum)、鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)、氨杆菌(Amnibacterium)、芽胞杆菌(Bacillus)、枝胞菌(Cladosporium)和镰刀菌(Fusarium)是古井老枞各生态位主要的生物标记物。【结论】研究揭示了古井老枞茶树生态系统中不同生态位的细菌与真菌群落组成特征,可为今后深入研究老枞茶叶品质形成机理和茶树病害生物防治等相关功能菌种资源的应用提供科学参考。

关键词：古井老枞茶树细菌真菌叶际叶内根际土壤非根际土壤

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Surrogate modeling for unsaturated infiltration via the physics and equality-constrained artificial neural networks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2282-2295页

作者： peng Lan jingjing Su Sheng Zhang School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410075China Discipline of Civil Surveying and Environmental EngineeringPriority Research Centre for Geotechnical Science and EngineeringThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW2308Australia Qinghai University Qinghai810016China

Machine learning(ML)provides a new surrogate method for investigating groundwater flow dynamics in unsaturated *** pure data-driven methods(*** neural network,DNN)can provide rapid predictions,but they do require sufficient on-site data for accurate training,and lack interpretability to the physical processes within the *** this paper,we provide a physics and equalityconstrained artificial neural network(PECANN),to derive unsaturated infiltration solutions with a small amount of initial and boundary *** takes the physics-informed neural network(PINN)as a foundation,encodes the unsaturated infiltration physical laws(*** equation,RE)into the loss function,and uses the augmented Lagrangian method to constrain the learning process of the solutions of RE by adding stronger penalty for the initial and boundary *** unsaturated infiltration cases are designed to test the training performance of PECANN,***-dimensional(1D)steady-state unsaturated infiltration,1D transient-state infiltration,two-dimensional(2D)transient-state infiltration,and 1D coupled unsaturated infiltration and *** predicted results of PECANN are compared with the finite difference solutions or analytical *** results indicate that PECANN can accurately capture the variations of pressure head during the unsaturated infiltration,and present higher precision and robustness than DNN and *** is also revealed that PECANN can achieve the same accuracy as the finite difference method with fewer initial and boundary training ***,we investigate the effect of the hyperparameters of PECANN on solving RE *** provides an effective tool for simulating unsaturated infiltration.

关键词： Richards equation(RE) Unsaturated infiltration Data-driven solutions Numerical modeling Machine learning(ML)

FaSnRK1a mediates salicylic acid pathways to enhance strawberry resistance to Botrytis cinerea

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 131-144页

作者： jingjing Luo Wenying Yu Yuansong Xiao Yafei Zhang Futian peng State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Strawberry is a major fruit crop worldwide because its nutritional and health benefits to human health,but its productivity is limited by Botrytis *** nonfermentation 1-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)has a defense function against pathogens,but the function of SnRK1 in the defense response to *** in plants is still *** this study,FaSnRK1a-OE and RNAi fruits were constructed and then inoculated with *** result reveals a positive role of Fa SnRK1a in the regulation of resistance to gray ***1a affects SA content by regulating FaPAL1 and FaPAL2 *** genes related to the SA signaling pathway(FaTGA1 and FaTGA2.1)were significantly increased/decreased in FaSnRK1a-OE or FaSnRK1a-RNAi fruit,***1a interacted with the FaWRKY33.2 protein and negatively regulated FaWRKY33.2 expression,and FaWRKY33.2 acts as a repressor of disease resistance to ***,FaSnRK1a regulates the expression of six PR genes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes to boost defense response after *** *** findings showed that FaSnRK1a increases the resistance of strawberry fruit to *** via SA signaling pathway and interaction with the FaWRKY33.2 transcription factor.

关键词： Strawberry B.cinerea SnRK1 Salicylic acid WRKY transcription factor

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On the Preparation of Low-Temperature-Rise and Low-Shrinkage Concrete Based on Phosphorus Slag

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第4期20卷 803-814页

作者： Jianlong Jin jingjing Ding Long Xiong Ming Bao peng Zeng China Construction Ready Mixed Concrete Co. Ltd.Wuhan430000China

The effects of different contents of a MgO expansive agent and phosphorus slag on the mechanical properties,shrinkage behavior,and the heat of hydration of concrete were *** slump flow,setting time,dry shrinkage,and hydration heat were used as sensitive parameters to assess the response of the considered *** shown by the results,in general,with an increase in the phosphorus slag content,the hydration heat of concrete decreases for all ages,but the early strength displays a downward trend and the dry shrinkage rate *** 90-d strength and dry shrinkage of concrete could be improved with a phosphorus residue content between 0%-20%,with the best performances in terms of mechanical properties and shrinkage characteristics being achieved for a content of 20 kg/m^(3).On the basis of these results,it can be concluded that appropriate amounts of phosphorus slag and MgO expansive agent can be used to improve the compressive strength of concrete in the later stage by reducing the hydration heat and dry shrinkage rate,respectively.

关键词： Phosphorus slag MgO expansion agent mass concrete hydration heat

NLR、Hcy、CysC在糖尿病肾病早期诊断及肾损伤评估中的研究

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现代科学仪器 2024年第4期41卷 98-102页

作者：陈红敏张智新彭静静巫玉童徐甜金磊中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九一医院安徽合肥〇230031

目的:探究NLR、Hcy、CysC在糖尿病肾病(DN)的早期诊断及肾损伤程度评估中的应用价值。方法:回顾性选取我院2018年1月-2023年6月100例DN患者与40例健康体检者,分析NLR、Hcy、CysC水平与肾功能指标相关性及对肾损伤评估的价值。结果:(1)D... 详细信息

目的:探究NLR、Hcy、CysC在糖尿病肾病(DN)的早期诊断及肾损伤程度评估中的应用价值。方法:回顾性选取我院2018年1月-2023年6月100例DN患者与40例健康体检者,分析NLR、Hcy、CysC水平与肾功能指标相关性及对肾损伤评估的价值。结果:(1)DN组患者NLR、Hcy、CysC水平高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)ROC分析显示,三指标单独及联合预测DN的AUC高,灵敏度和特异度亦高;(3)重度肾损伤DN患者各指标水平均高于中度肾损伤者(P<0.05);(4)DN患者NLR、Hcy、CysC水平与肾功能指标正相关,水平越高肾损伤越重。结论:DN患者NLR、Hcy、CysC水平高,与肾功能正相关,有诊断价值,联合预测准确,具应用前景。

关键词：糖尿病肾病中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值血同型半胱氨酸血清胱抑素C 早期诊断肾损伤

血清甲状腺激素水平与不同肿瘤转移的相关性分析

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癌症进展 2024年第2期22卷 135-140页

作者：那琬琳王艳艳彭晶晶江忠勇许宏宣刘媛常凯中国人民解放军西部战区总医院检验科成都610083 中国人民解放军西部战区总医院肿瘤科成都610083 成都市第七人民医院/成都医学院附属肿瘤医院检验科成都610041 成都市实验外国语学校生物教学与研究组成都611134

目的探讨不同肿瘤患者甲状腺激素水平的差异,分析甲状腺激素水平与不同肿瘤转移情况的相关性。方法收集713例实体肿瘤患者和309例健康人的病历资料,比较不同转移情况肿瘤患者和健康人的甲状腺激素水平,采用相关性分析法分析不同转移情... 详细信息

目的探讨不同肿瘤患者甲状腺激素水平的差异,分析甲状腺激素水平与不同肿瘤转移情况的相关性。方法收集713例实体肿瘤患者和309例健康人的病历资料,比较不同转移情况肿瘤患者和健康人的甲状腺激素水平,采用相关性分析法分析不同转移情况肿瘤患者甲状腺激素水平与脂代谢指标的相关性。结果肿瘤患者促甲状腺素(TSH)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(T_(3))、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT_(3))、游离甲状腺素(FT_(4))水平均明显低于健康人,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。在713例肿瘤患者中,发生转移患者317例,转移发生率为44.46%。转移垂体瘤患者TSH、甲状腺素(T_(4))、T_(3)和FT_(3)均低于未转移患者,转移肺癌患者TSH和FT_(4)均低于未转移患者,转移食管癌患者T_(4)低于未转移患者,转移肝癌患者T_(4)和FT_(4)均低于未转移患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。肿瘤患者总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平均明显高于健康人,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。转移垂体瘤、肺癌、食管癌及肝癌患者的TC和LDL水平均明显高于未转移患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。垂体瘤患者的FT_(3)、肺癌患者的FT_(4)、食管癌患者的T_(4)、肝癌患者的T_(4)与TC和LDL均呈负相关。结论T_(4)、FT_(3)和FT_(4)与肺癌、食管癌、垂体瘤、肝癌转移具有相关性。T_(4)、FT_(3)和FT_(4)降低可能通过提高TC和LDL影响脂代谢平衡,促进肿瘤转移,导致肺癌、食管癌、垂体瘤、肝癌的转移风险增加。

关键词：甲状腺激素肿瘤转移脂代谢相关性分析

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A Semi-Mechanistic Model for Predicting the Service Life of Composite Coatings on VW63Z Magnesium Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1161-1176页

作者： Xiaoxue Wang jingjing Guo Zihao Zeng peng Zhou Rongqiao Wang Xiuchun Liu Kai Gao Jingli Sun Yong Yuan Fuhui Wang School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing100076China The School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute Shanghai201600China

The application of Mg alloys is always accompanied by various coating technology, but a reliable model predicting the service life of coatings on Mg alloys is lacking but urgent. In this work, a semi-mechanistic model was proposed to predict the service life of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating/electrophoretic coatings on a VW63Z Mg alloy;the model was decomposed into three parts: a first part depicting the degradation time of organic coating (L_(1)) and the diffusion time of electrolyte in the inorganic coating (L_(2)), respectively;a second part interpreting the breakdown of coatings due to the corrosion process (L_(3));a final part establishing an algorithm converting the accelerated tests into the real service environment (α);the effect of structural stress and dissimilar metal joints on the service life of coatings was also considered. Based on the ongoing accelerated experiments, the semi-mechanistic model could be able to predict the service life of both PEO coatings and composite coatings on VW63Z Mg alloy with a satisfiable precision.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Service life prediction Plasma electrolytic oxidation Electrophoretic coating Corrosion resistance