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Understanding pediatric surgical needs in North korea: a modeling analysis

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World journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： Phillip j Hsu Sangchul Yoon kee B park University of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanitiesand Social Sciences Yonsei University SeoulSouth Korea

Background Sixty-five percent of children worldwide lack access to surgical care,the majority of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries(LMiCs).Developing surgical infrastructure requires information on surgical need;however,this information is often limited in *** korea(Democratic People's Republic of korea,DPRk)has a low amount of publicly available ***,we analyzed available modeled data to understand the causes of pediatric deaths due to conditions treatable with surgery in *** We used World Bank data and models from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to identify causes of pediatric deaths affecting pediatric patients(agek and countries with similar economic *** Between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths has *** 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths in DPRk were caused by surgical *** leading categories of surgical conditions were injuries(53.9%),congenital conditions(34.2%),tumors(8.8%),and abdominal conditions(3.2%).DPRk has a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths compared with other LMICs with similar gross domestic product per ***,it has a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths due to conditions requiring treatment with *** injuries contribute significantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths in *** Although DPRk may be allocating overall resources toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers,DPRk may benefit from improvement in pediatric surgical *** availability of data and close international collaboration could be potential solutions to bridge this gap.

关键词： pediatric surgical injuries

Electrochemically Deposited CZTSSe Thin Films for Monolithic Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiencies Over 17%

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 147-152页

作者： Sun kyung Hwang Ik jae park Se Won Seo jae Hyun park So jeong park jin Young kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Applied Physics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In spite of the high potential economic feasibility of the tandem solar cells consisting of the halide perovskite and the kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),they have rarely been demonstrated due to the difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovskite top cell on the rough surface of the bottom ***,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolithic two-terminal perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing the surface roughness of the electrochemically deposited CZTSSe bottom *** surface roughness(R_(rms))of the CZTSSe thin film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using the potentiostatic mode rather than using the conventional galvanostatic mode,which can be further reduced to 22 nm after the subsequent ion-milling *** perovskite top cell with a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on the flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in the efficient perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar *** the current matching between two subcells involving the thickness control of the perovskite layer,the best performing tandem device exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 17.5%without the hysteresis effect.

关键词： CZTSSe monolithic tandem solar cells perovskite solution process surface roughness control

Biochar-based materials as remediation strategy in petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil and water:Performances,mechanisms,and environmental impact

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 350-372页

作者： Zhuo Wei YiWei Yang Liu Shuai Niu Yaxi Xu jong-Hwan park jim j.Wang Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Plant Environment&Soil SciencesLouisiana State University AgCenter.Baton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Life Resources Industry Dong-A University37Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gilSaha-guBusan 49315South Korea

Petroleum contamination is considered as a major risk to the health of humans and *** as low-cost and eco-friendly carbon materials,have been widely used for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbon in the *** purpose of this paper is to review the performance,mechanisms,and potential environmental toxicity of biochar,modified biochar and its integration use with other materials in petroleum contaminated soil and ***,the use of biochar in oil-contaminated water and soil as well as the factors that could influence the removal ability of biochar were systematically *** addition,the modification and integrated use of biochar for improving the removal efficiency were summarized from the aspects of sorption,biodegradation,chemical degradation,and ***,the functional impacts and associated ecotoxicity of pristine and modified biochars in various environments were ***,some shortcoming of current approaches,and future research needs were provided for the future direction and challenges of modified biochar ***,this paper gain insight into biochar application in petroleum remediation from the perspectives of performance enhancement and environmental sustainability.

关键词： Petroleum contamination Adsorbent Bioremediation Biochar modification Ecotoxicity

Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by karrikin and strigolactone signaling

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 865-882页

作者： Young-joon park Bo Eun Nam Chung-Mo park Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea Departmentof Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating *** morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures,termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis,respectively,have been extensively studied in recent *** photomorphogenesis,plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light ***,photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal ***,accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals,karrikins(kARs)and strigolactones(SLs).kARs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps,including seed *** receptors and signaling mediators have been identified,and associated working mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant *** particular interest is that the kAR and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses,among which their linkages with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling *** this review,we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic *** also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalks with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.

关键词： karrikins morphogenic adaptation photomorphogenesis seedling establishment strigolactones

Pregnancy stressors and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety:the moderating role of a cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)intervention

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 112-121页

作者： Yunxiang Sun Soim park Abid Malik Najia Atif Ahmed Zaidi Atif Rahman Pamela j Surkan Department of International Health Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Public Mental Health Health Services AcademyIslamabadPakistan Human Development Research Foundation RawalpindiPakistan Department of Primary Care and Mental Health Institute of Population HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Background Little is known about the association between stressors(especially positive stressors)during pregnancy and postpartum depression and *** We investigated the association between positive and negative stress events during different stages of pregnancy and postpartum mental health outcomes among low-income pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in Pakistan and evaluated whether an intervention based on cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT)had a regulatory *** Participants were 621 pregnant Pakistani women with mild *** the Pregnancy Experience Scale-Brief Version,six scores were created to assess positive and negative *** performed a multivariate linear regression to examine whether these six scores,measured both at baseline and in the third trimester,were associated with postpartum anxiety and depressive *** effect of the intervention on this relationship was examined by adding an interaction term to the regression *** Hassles frequency measured in the third trimester was positively associated with depression(B=0.22,95%confidence interval(Cl):0.09 to 0.36)and anxiety(B=0.19,95%Cl:0.08to 0.30).At the same timepoint,uplifts intensity was negatively associated with symptoms of depression(B=-0.82,95%Cl:1.46 to-0.18)and anxiety(B=-0.70,95%Cl:-1.25 to-0.15),whereas hassles intensity was positively related to symptoms of depression(B=1.02,95%Cl:0.36 to 1.67)and anxiety(B=0.90,95%Cl:0.34 to 1.47).The intensity ratio of hassles to uplifts reported in the third trimester was positively related to both depression(B=1.40,95%Cl:0.59 to 2.20)and anxiety(B=1.26,95%Cl:0.57 to 1.96).The intervention strengthened the overall positive effects of uplfts and the negative effects of *** experiences at baseline during early pregnancy to mid-pregnancy were not associated with mental health *** Stressors in the third trimester but not earlier in pregnancy were associated with postpartum symptoms

关键词： postpartum stress behaviour

Bayesian inference-based wear prediction method for plain bearings under stationary mixed-friction conditions

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1272-1282页

作者： Florian kÖNIG Florian WIRSING Georg jACOBS Rui HE Zhigang TIAN Ming j.ZUO Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G1H9Canada Qingdao International Academician park Research Institute Qingdao 266000China

This study introduces a method to predict the remaining useful life(RUL)of plain bearings operating under stationary,wear-critical *** this method,the transient wear data of a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication(mixed-EHL)and wear simulation approach is used to parametrize a statistical,linear degradation *** method incorporates Bayesian inference to update the linear degradation model throughout the runtime and thereby consider the transient,system-dependent wear progression within the RUL prediction.A case study is used to show the suitability of the proposed *** results show that the method can be applied to three distinct types of post-wearing-in behavior:wearing-in with subsequent hydrodynamic,stationary wear,and progressive wear *** hydrodynamic operation leads to an infinite lifetime,the method is successfully applied to predict RUL in cases with stationary and progressive wear.

关键词： plain bearings wear modeling remaining useful life prediction Bayesian inference

1种能抵抗致病性新城疫病毒且区分自然感染和疫苗免疫的病毒样颗粒疫苗研究

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中国畜牧兽医 2014年第3期41卷 173-173页

作者： park j k 刘萌

在该研究中,作者利用昆虫细胞表达系统,构建了融合表达新城疫病毒(NDV)F蛋白和流感病毒M1蛋白的抗NDV的病毒样颗粒(VLPs)。本试验采用含有不同剂量(0.4、2、10、50μg VLP/0.5mL)的油乳剂新城疫病毒样颗粒疫苗免疫SPF鸡。免疫3周后,用... 详细信息

在该研究中,作者利用昆虫细胞表达系统,构建了融合表达新城疫病毒(NDV)F蛋白和流感病毒M1蛋白的抗NDV的病毒样颗粒(VLPs)。本试验采用含有不同剂量(0.4、2、10、50μg VLP/0.5mL)的油乳剂新城疫病毒样颗粒疫苗免疫SPF鸡。免疫3周后,用商品化ELISA试剂盒检测该疫苗的免疫原性;利用新城疫强毒毒株进行功毒试验评价该疫苗的保护效果。结果表明,新城疫病毒样颗粒疫苗产生的抗新城疫抗体和攻毒保护效果是剂量依赖性的。虽然剂量为0.4或2μg的病毒样颗粒疫苗未达到高保护率,但是剂量为10或50μg的病毒样颗粒疫苗能完全保护攻毒后鸡胚,并能大大减少病毒散毒期。不仅如此,还能很容易地通过血凝抑制(HI)试验鉴别自然感染和疫苗免疫动物。结果表明,在家禽范围内利用新城疫病毒样颗粒疫苗可能是未来防控NDV最有潜力的策略。

关键词：新城疫病毒病毒样颗粒疫苗自然感染疫苗免疫

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子宫颈腺癌组织学分类新标准具有较好的诊断可重复性

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临床与实验病理学杂志 2017年第2期33卷 182-182页

作者： Rutgers j k Roma A A park k j 杨海玉刘勇江西省人民医院临床医学研究所南昌330006

据统计，子宫颈腺癌约占资宫颈癌发病的15％～20％，与子宫颈鳞状细胞癌相比其生物学行为更具侵袭性，且包括多种组织学亚型，导致其临床预后较难判断。目前，国际专家组针对子宫颈腺癌提出新的组织学分类标准，并且证实其与淋巴结转移... 详细信息

据统计，子宫颈腺癌约占资宫颈癌发病的15％～20％，与子宫颈鳞状细胞癌相比其生物学行为更具侵袭性，且包括多种组织学亚型，导致其临床预后较难判断。目前，国际专家组针对子宫颈腺癌提出新的组织学分类标准，并且证实其与淋巴结转移及复发风险相关。

关键词：子宫颈腺癌组织学分类分类标准可重复性子宫颈鳞状细胞癌诊断生物学行为组织学亚型

Driving inward growth of lithium metal in hollow microcapsule hosts by heteroatom‐controlled nucleation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 262-272页

作者： Siwon kim Hong Rim Shin ki jae kim Min‐Sik park jong‐Won Lee Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Integrated Education for Frontier Science and Technology(BK21 Four)Kyung Hee UniversityYonginRepublic of Korea

The application of Li metal anodes in rechargeable batteries is impeded by safety issues arising from the severe volume changes and formation of dendritic Li ***‐dimensional hollow carbon is receiving increasing attention as a host material capable of accommodating Li metal inside its cavity;however,uncontrollable and nonuniform deposition of Li remains a *** this study,we synthesize metal–organic framework‐derived carbon microcapsules with heteroatom clusters(Zn and Ag)on the capsule walls and it is demonstrated that Ag‐assisted nucleation of Li metal alters the outward‐to‐inward growth in the microcapsule ***‐incorporated microcapsules are prepared via chemical etching of zeolitic imidazole framework‐8 polyhedra and are subsequently decorated with Ag by a galvanic displacement reaction between Ag^(+)and metallic *** introduced Ag significantly reduces the energy barrier and increases the reaction rate for Li nucleation in the microcapsule host upon Li *** combined electrochemical,microstructural,and computational studies,we verify the beneficial role of Ag‐assisted Li nucleation in facilitating inward growth inside the cavity of the microcapsule host and,in turn,enhancing electrochemical *** study provides new insights into the design of reversible host materials for practical Li metal batteries.

关键词： hollow carbon hosts lithium metal batteries lithium plating metal-organic frameworks nucleation