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The elevation gradient of stable isotopes in precipitation in the eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第10期65卷 1972-1984页

作者： Jie LI zhonghe pang Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education College of Water SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy of Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China

Tibetan Plateau(TP)receives moistures from different directions,so variations of isotope elevation gradient on different sides may *** this study,we systematically monitored and modeled the elevation effect of stable isotopes in precipitation of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,where we collected 265 water samples for stable isotope(δ2H andδ^(18)O)analyses,of which 70 are eventful rainfall samples,and 195 are surface water samples,for *** lakes on the mountain peaks were used to reconstruct the average isotope composition of the local precipitation based on the evaporation *** elevation gradient of−4.2‰km^(−1)(R^(2)=0.93)was established for the eastern marginal region of *** elevation gradient was further confirmed by fractionation assessment using the Rayleigh fractionation *** is the highest ever reported for the TP and it is the highest as compared to those of all the other slopes as well as that of the interior part of the *** isotopes in the interior of TP show a lower elevation gradient,which is likely caused by significant local moisture *** paper also discusses the limitations of using river water samples to construct the elevation gradient.

关键词： Elevation gradient Stable isotopes Rayleigh fractionation Moisture recycling Tibetan Plateau

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Groundwater circulation relative to water quality and vegetation in an arid transitional zone linking oasis, desert and river

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第25期58卷 3088-3097页

作者： HUANG TianMing pang zhonghe CHEN YaNing KONG YanLong Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

In groundwater-dependent ecosystems, groundwater circulation controls the overall water quality and ecosystem dynamics. Groundwater and vegetation across a 30-km groundwater transect linking oasis, desert and river in an extremely arid area were investigated with a series of soil profiles drilled into the unsaturated zone to understand groundwater circulation and its control on groundwater quality and surface vegetation in the extremely arid Lower Tarim River, NW China. Measurements have included water-table depth, water chemistry and water isotopes (2H, 18O, 3H) for 15 water samples, soil moisture and chloride content for 11 soil profiles, and vegetation investigation. Results show that the groundwater in desert zone is characterized by slow recharge rate (pre-modern water), great water-table depth (6.17-9.43 m) and high salinity (15.32-26.50 g/L), while that in oasis (uncultivated land) and riparian zone is characterized by relatively fast recharge rate (modern water), small groundwater-table depth (3.56-8.36 m) and low salinity (1.25-1.95 g/L). Stable isotopes show that secondary evaporation takes place during irrigation in oasis. The vegetation characteristics (coverage, richness, evenness and number of plants) are closely related to soil moisture and water-table depth. Groundwater recharge from irrigation in oasis and from river in riparian zone sustains a better ecosystem than that in the desert area, where lateral and vertical groundwater recharge is limited. The more evapotranspirative enrichment may occur in the vegetated and water-rich riparian zone as compared to desert. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness of environmental tracers in studying ecohydrological processes in arid regions.

关键词：地下水循环极端干旱区地表植被河流断面沙漠区绿洲连接生态系统动力学

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Geothermal data analysis at the high-temperature hydrothermal area in Western Sichuan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第8期60卷 1507-1521页

作者： ZHANG Jian LI WuYang TANG XianChun TIAN Jiao WANG YingChun GUO Qi pang zhonghe Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The western Sichuan hydrothermal area is located at the northeastern margin of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is also the eastern end of the Mediterranean-Himalayan geothermal activity zone. There are 248 warm or hot springs in this area, and 11 have temperatures beyond the local boiling temperature. Most of these hot springs are distributed along the Jinshajiang, Dege-Xiangcheng, Ganzi-Litang, and Xianshuihe faults, forming a NW-SE hydrothermal belt. A geothermal analysis of this high-temperature hydrothermal area is an important basis for understanding the deep geodynamic process of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In addition, this study offers an a priori view to utilize geothermal resources, which is important in both scientific research and application. We use gravity, magnetic, seismic, and helium isotope data to analyze the crust-mantle heat flow ratio and deep geothermal structure. The results show that the background terrestrial heat flow descends from southwest to northeast. The crustal heat ratio is not more than 60%. The high temperature hydrothermal active is related to crustal dynamics processes. Along the Batang-Litang-Kangding line, the Moho depth increases eastward, which is consistent with the changing Qc/Qm(crustal/mantle heat flow) ratio trend. The geoid in the hydrothermal zone is 4–6 km higher than the surroundings, forming a local "platform". The NW-SE striking local tensile stress zone and uplift structure in the upper and middle crust corresponds with the surface hydrothermal active zone. There is an average Curie Point Depth(CPD) of 19.5–22.5 km in Batang, Litang, and Kangding. The local shear-wave(S-wave) velocity is relatively low in the middle and lower crust. The S-wave shows a low velocity trap(Vs<3.2 km s.1) at 15–30 km, which is considered a high-temperature partial melting magma, the crustal source of the hydrothermal active zone. We conclude that the hydrothermal system in this area can

关键词： Western Sichuan Plateau Fracture zone and thermally conductive structure Deep thermal structure Heat flow estimation

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Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopes of Waters in the Ordos Basin,China:Implications for Recharge of Groundwater in the North of Cretaceous Groundwater Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第1期83卷 103-113页

作者： YANG Yuncheng SHEN Zhaoli WENG Dongguang HOU Guangcai ZHAO Zhenhong WANG Dong pang zhonghe Institute of Mineral Resources China Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Xi＇an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Xi＇an 710054 China China Geological Survey Beijing 100011 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Hundreds of precipitation samples collected from meteorological stations in the Ordos Basin from January 1988 to December 2005 were used to set up a local meteoric water line and to calculate weighted average isotopic compositions of modern precipitation. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, with averages of-7.8‰ and -53.0‰ for δ^18O and δD, respectively, are depleted in winter and rich in spring, and gradually decrease in summer and fall, illustrating that the seasonal effect is considerable. They also show that the isotopic difference between south portion and north portion of the Ordos Basin are not obvious, and the isotope in the middle portion is normally depleted. The isotope compositions of 32 samples collected from shallow groundwater （less than a depth of 150 m） in desert plateau range from -10.6‰ to -6.0‰ with an average of-8.4‰ for δ^18O and from -85‰ to -46‰ with an average of-63‰ for δD. Most of them are identical with modern precipitation. The isotope compositions of 22 middle and deep groundwaters （greater than a depth of 275 m） fall in ranges from -11.6‰ to -8.8‰ with an average of -10.2‰ for δ^18O and from -89‰ to -63‰ with an average of -76‰ for δD. The average values are significantly less than those of modern precipitation, illustrating that the middle and deep groundwaters were recharged at comparatively lower air temperatures. Primary analysis of ^14C shows that the recharge of the middle and deep groundwaters started at late Pleistocene. The isotopes of 13 lake water samples collected from eight lakes define a local evaporation trend, with a relatively flat slope of 3.77, and show that the lake waters were mainly fed by modern precipitation and shallow groundwater.

关键词： groundwater lake water oxygen and hydrogen isotopes precipitation Ordos Basin

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Million-year-old groundwater revealed by krypton-81 dating in Guanzhong Basin,China

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Science Bulletin 2017年第17期62卷 1181-1184页

作者： Jie Li zhonghe pang Guo-Min Yang Jiao Tian Amin L.Tong Xiang-Yang Zhang Shui-Ming Hu Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale iChEM CenterUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesZhengding 050803China

Groundwater age,defined as the mean subsurface residence time spent isolated from the atmosphere,is of crucial significance for managing water resources and industrial *** is also very useful for understanding subsurf... 详细信息

关键词：地下水年龄关中盆地中国古气候重建污染物运移滞留时间工业废物水文地质

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Isotope hydrograph separation in alpine catchments:a review

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2011年第1期3卷 86-91页

作者： YanLong Kong zhonghe pang Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Isotope hydrograph separation （IHS） is a basic tool in applied hydrology. Its application has expanded to surface water and groundwater interaction, and eco-hydrological processes from runoff generation processes. This paper reviews the progress made in IHS for alpine catchments, with emphasis on its significance in reflecting the impact of global change on water resources. Also, the principle of IHS and its uncertainties are explained in detail. The mechanism of variation of stable isotopes in snow-melt water is discussed, and then methods are presented to improve the separation during snow-melt such as volume weighted average method （VWA）, current melt-water method （CMW） and runoff-corrected event water approach （RunCE）, with their advantages and disadvantages explained. New approaches may extend the applications of IllS, for example, large basin studies combined with GIS, and develop new theories of runoff generation combined with other pararneters such as deuterium excess and DOC.

关键词： isotope hydrograph separation alpine catchments snow-melt water uncertainty

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Chemical characteristics and water stability evaluation of groundwater in the CKDu Zone of Sri Lanka

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第12期146卷 67-80页

作者： Dazhou Hu Suresh Indika Madhubhashini Makehelwala COORAY Titus Liying Zhu zhonghe pang Hui Zhong Sujithra K.Weragoda K.B.S.N.Jinadasa Rohan Weerasooriya Yuansong Wei State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Applied Earth Sciences Uva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 90000Sri Lanka China-Sri Lanka Joint Research and demonstration Center for Water Technology Ministry of Water SupplyE.O.E.Pereira MawathaPeradeniya 24000Sri Lanka National Water Supply and Drainage Board Katugastota 20800Sri Lanka Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka National Institute of Fundamental Studies Kandy 20000Sri Lanka

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water for the rural population in the chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology(CKDu)zone of the North Central Province(NCP)in Sri *** this study,a total of 334 groundwater samples(311 dug wells,21 tube wells and 2 springs)during the wet season from two aquifers in the NCP were collected,and inves-tigated their chemical characteristics and evaluate their water quality,including ground-water chemistry,main ion sources,the corrosion and scaling potential of *** results showed that the two hydrochemical types of groundwater in the NCP were mainly of the Ca-HCO_(3),Na·Ca-HCO_(3)types,with the main HCO_(3)−,Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)ions in both types of groundwater originating from silicate and evaporite salt dissolution and influenced by alternating cation adsorption,while the presence of NO_(3)−was mainly ***-uation ofwater stability using namely Langelier saturation index(LSI),Ryznar stability index(RSI),Puckorius scaling index(PSI)and Larson-Skold index(LS),indicated that most ground-water presents corrosion potential and has corrosion behavior tendency of metals to some *** water quality of Polonnaruwa was better than that of Anuradhapura in the NCP,and when the groundwater was worse than the“good”grade,which must be properly treated before it is used as drinking water.

关键词： CKDu zone Rock weathering Cation alternating adsorption Water stability Water quality assessment

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华北赋煤区地热资源富集模式及开发利用方向

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煤田地质与勘探 2024年第9期52卷 14-22页

作者：庞忠和段忠丰中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化与环境演变全国重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院山东青岛266580 中国石油大学(华东)深层油气全国重点实验室山东青岛266580

【目的】中国是煤炭大国,在煤炭行业迫切需要转型的形势下,研究赋煤区的地热资源成因与分布规律十分必要。华北赋煤区地热资源储量占全国的74.7%,是中国地热资源最富集的区域之一。区内分布有渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地和南华... 详细信息

【目的】中国是煤炭大国,在煤炭行业迫切需要转型的形势下,研究赋煤区的地热资源成因与分布规律十分必要。华北赋煤区地热资源储量占全国的74.7%,是中国地热资源最富集的区域之一。区内分布有渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地和南华北盆地等主要含煤盆地,其岩石圈热状态自东向西逐步降低。地热储包括新生界砂岩孔隙型和寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙型两大类型。碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙热储温度高、水量大、易于回灌,是煤田区地热勘查与开发利用的优先选择。【方法】针对煤田区地热地质的特点,开展地热系统动力学分析,优选华北赋煤区的地热勘查与开发区域。【结果和结论】提出煤田区有以下4种聚热模式:(1)煤层与碳酸盐岩地层储盖组合传导聚热;(2)基岩面起伏变化传导聚热;(3)断裂带地下水活动对流聚热;(4)碳酸盐岩基岩面风化壳岩溶以及侵入体接触面岩溶对流聚热。并结合实例进行数值模拟分析。在此基础上,指出华北赋煤区地热勘查与开发优先方向是深部碳酸盐岩储层中的地热资源。地热能作为非碳基能源之一,以其储量大、清洁、输出连续的特点,在未来社会对电力、燃料和热力三大能源需求中的热力供应方面尤其可以做出重要贡献,而中国地热与煤炭资源在空间分布上的重叠,使地热开发利用成为煤炭行业转型的有效途径之一。

关键词：赋煤区地热资源聚热模式开发利用华北地区

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The role of deuterium excess in determining the water salinisation mechanism:A case study of the arid Tarim River Basin,NW China

The role of deuterium excess in determining the water salini...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2012年度（第12届）学术年会

作者： Tianming Huang zhonghe pang Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Understanding the water salinisation mechanism is the basis for regional salt *** dissolution, evaporation and transpiration are the main factors controlling natural water salinity in arid inland basins;however,the two are difficult to *** deuterium excess decreases during evaporation and is unrelated to the isotopic composition of the initial water,it is a potential tool for determining the contribution of the evapoconcentration of a given water body using the relationship between deuterium excess and salinity rather than betweenδO(orδH) and *** this paper, the relationship between the residual water fraction and deuterium excess was derived from the Rayleigh distillation *** contribution of evapoconcentration and mineral dissolution and/or transpiration for a given water body can be determined by comparing the residual water fraction and salinity between the initial water and the evapoconcentrated *** extremely arid Tarim River Basin in NW China is taken as an example to demonstrate deuterium excess and salinity evolution from the source stream to river water,lake/reservoir water and *** results show that mineral dissolution contributes most of the salinity(67-77%) for Boston Lake and the Kongque and Tarim rivers relative to the source *** dissolution and/or transpiration contribute greater salinity (73-99.6%) to the groundwater recharged by the river water in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim *** study provides a method for determining the salinisation mechanism and is important for salt movement and management.

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新疆水循环变化机理与水资源调蓄

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第四纪研究 2014年第5期34卷 907-917,906页

作者：庞忠和中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所页岩气与地质工程重点实验室北京100029

干旱区水资源紧缺,研究气候变化与人类活动双重营力作用下水循环变化机理,制定合理有效的调蓄对策,是应对全球变化的重要任务。新疆作为全球极端干旱区之一,近期水循环发生了显著变化。作为中国最西端及中亚地区的水资源发源地,天山发... 详细信息

干旱区水资源紧缺,研究气候变化与人类活动双重营力作用下水循环变化机理,制定合理有效的调蓄对策,是应对全球变化的重要任务。新疆作为全球极端干旱区之一,近期水循环发生了显著变化。作为中国最西端及中亚地区的水资源发源地,天山发挥了中亚水塔的作用,其周边干旱区广泛分布,人类生存与生态系统受水资源变化影响十分强烈。近十年来,笔者在天山山区及其周边的塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地等地开展了大气-地表-地下的多尺度水循环研究。本文从降水形成条件、地表水变化、地下水对地表水变化的响应等不同视角对水循环进行系统分析,探讨在气候变化与人类活动影响下水循环发生变化的机理及其水资源效应。在此基础上,提出干旱区水资源的调蓄途径。研究表明,青藏高原和天山隆升在新疆产生雨影效应,新疆大气降水的水气来源以西风带水气为主,本地再循环水气在降水构成中仅占8%,区域造雨能力低下。双重因素长期作用导致新疆地区干旱化。天山山区与盆地相比,更有利于形成降水,加上冰雪储备丰厚,因此在区域水循环中占主导地位。在气候变化的影响下,气温升高、降水增加、冰川融化加速、主要河流出山径流平均增加约10%,对于气候变化敏感的一些冰川河,增加可达40%以上,造成洪水灾害。下游荒漠中的绿洲,基本上没有降水,水循环由地表水主导,河道断流导致地下水位下降,引发生态退化。塔里木河调水,在流域尺度上证明了这一点。天山山前地带的绿洲农业,是区域用水最多的环节,因而,也是调蓄水资源的有利位置。利用山前戈壁带有利的地质结构和快速循环的地下水,地下水库工程符合干旱区水循环基本规律,相对于平原水库具有明显优势。天山南北符合条件的储水构造很多,可调蓄水量可观。这一地表水地下水联合调蓄的模式,将成为干旱区应对环境变化带来的水资源问题的重要途径。

关键词：天山干旱区气候变化水循环变化水资源调蓄

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