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Spatial Identification of Housing Vacancy in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第2期31卷 359-375页

作者： pan jinghu DONG Leilei College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Lanzhou 730000China

The housing vacancy rate(HVR)is an important index in assessing the healthiness of residential real estate *** China,it is hardly to take advantage of the basic data of real estate information due to the opaque of those *** this paper,the HVR is estimated to two *** the grid level,urban area ratio was calculated by nighttime images after eliminating outliers of nighttime images and night light intensity of non-residential pixels in mixed pixels by a proposed modified optimal threshold method,and built-up areas in each pixel were extracted from the land-cover ***,the HVR is calculated by comparing the light intensity of specific grid with the light intensity of full occupancy rate *** the administrative scale,the GCI(‘ghost city’index)is constructed by calculating the ratio of the total light radiation intensity of a city to the total construction land area of the *** overall spatial differentiation pattern of the vacant houses in the national prefecture level administrative regions is *** following conclusions were drawn:vacant housing is rare in certain eastern coastal cities and regions in China with relatively fast economic *** based on exhausted resources,some mountainous cities,and cities with relatively backward economic development more typically showed high levels of housing *** GCI of prefecture-level administrative units gradually declined from north to south,whereas the east-west distribution showed a parabolic *** city level decreased,the GCI registered a gradual upward ***’s urban housing vacancy can be divided into five categories:industry or resources driven,government planned,epitaxy expansionary,environmental constraint and speculative activate by combining the spatial distribution of housing vacancy with the factors of natural environment,social economic development level,and population density into consideration.

关键词： housing vacancy rate(HVR) spatial identification nighttime light spatial pattern ghost city China

Analysis of structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the national intangible cultural heritage in China and its policy implications

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第5期11卷 389-406页

作者： BaiCui Xu jinghu pan College of Geography and Environmental Science of Northwest Normal University

Based on an investigation of four published batches listing 3, 140 national intangible cultural heritage(ICH) projects in China and using GIS and some quantitative analysis methods, the spatial structure was investigated and the characteristics and distribution discussed. The distribution of ICHs in China is agglomerative and spatially dependent. From the view of ICH type, each type is distributed in different places, for different reasons, with history being the most important one we found. Nationwide, high-density cores are located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta region. High densities of ICH are concentrated in flat, water-rich regions where broad-leaved forests dominate plains and low mountain areas-areas that have fertile soil, pleasant weather, a long history of culture, ethnic agglomeration, and development. This paper suggests that development of the ICH should be based on discovering unknown items, to break the existing pattern of strong cohesion and high density, and to seek a balanced development of the whole.

关键词： national intangible culture heritage ICH spatial structure influencing factor geographical distribution China

Spatial-temporal characteristics and decoupling effects of China’s carbon footprint based on multi-source data

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第3期31卷 327-349页

作者： ZHANG Yongnian pan jinghu ZHANG Yongjiao XU Jing School of Economics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

In 2007,China surpassed the USA to become the largest carbon emitter in the *** has promised a 60%–65%reduction in carbon emissions per unit GDP by 2030,compared to the baseline of ***,it is important to obtain accurate dynamic information on the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon emissions and carbon footprints to support formulating effective national carbon emission reduction *** study attempts to build a carbon emission panel data model that simulates carbon emissions in China from 2000–2013 using nighttime lighting data and carbon emission statistics *** applying the Exploratory Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis(ESTDA)framework,this study conducted an analysis on the spatial patterns and dynamic spatial-temporal interactions of carbon footprints from 2001–*** improved Tapio decoupling model was adopted to investigate the levels of coupling or decoupling between the carbon emission load and economic growth in 336 prefecture-level *** results show that,firstly,high accuracy was achieved by the model in simulating carbon ***,the total carbon footprints and carbon deficits across China increased with average annual growth rates of 4.82%and 5.72%,*** overall carbon footprints and carbon deficits were larger in the North than that in the *** were extremely significant spatial autocorrelation features in the carbon footprints of prefecture-level ***,the relative lengths of the Local Indicators of Spatial Association(LISA)time paths were longer in the North than that in the South,and they increased from the coastal to the central and western ***,the overall decoupling index was mainly a weak decoupling type,but the number of cities with this weak decoupling continued to *** unsustainable development trend of China’s economic growth and carbon emission load will continue for some time.

关键词： nighttime lighting data carbon footprint carbon deficit exploratory spatial-temporal data analysis spatial-temporal interaction characteristics decoupling effect

Measurement for coordinated development of＂four modernizations＂ and its efficiency ofprefecture level cities or above in China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2016年第2期8卷 163-176页

作者： jinghu pan yanxing hu college of geography and environment science northwest normal UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China

The efficient and coordinated development of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization(so called 'Sihua Tongbu' in China, and hereinafter referred to as 'four modernizations') is not only a practical need but also an important strategic direction of integrating urban-rural development and regional development in recent China. This paper evaluated the comprehensive, coupling and coordinated developmental indices of 'four modernizations' of China's 343 prefecture-level administrative units, and calculated their efficiency of 'four modernizations' in 2001 and 2011. The efficiency evaluation index system was established. The efficiencies and their changing trend during the period 2001–2011 were investigated using the data envelopment analysis(DEA) model. Spatial-temporal pattern of the efficiency of China's prefecture-level units was explored by using exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA). Finally, the main influencing factors were revealed with the aid of geographically weighted regression(GWR) model. Results indicate that the comprehensive, coupling and coordinated developmental indices and efficiency of 'four modernizations' of China's prefecture-level administrative units have obvious spatial differences and show diverse regional patterns. Overall, the efficiency is relatively low, and only few units with small urban populations and economic scale are in DEA efficiencies. The efficiency changing trends were decreasing during 2001–2011, with a transfer of high efficiency areas from inland to eastern coastal areas. The difference between urban and rural per capita investment in fixed assets boasts the greatest influence on the efficiency.

关键词： coordinated development four modernizations efficiency influencing factor geographically weighted regression model China

Spatial distribution characteristics of national protected areas in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第12期29卷 2047-2068页

作者： XU Baicui pan jinghu College of Geography and Environ mental Science of Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070China

This paper investigated spatial structures of 3418 national protected areas(NPAs)grouped into 13 types using GIS and quantitative analysis,including point patterns,Ripley’s K function,hotspot clustering,quadrat analysis,and Gini *** accessibility was calculated for all NPAs from matrix raster data using cost weighted distance on the Arc GIS *** results are as follows:(1)The NNI of NPAs is 0.515,Gini is 0.073,all of which indicates distribution was shown to be a spatially dependent agglomeration,and more balanced in the *** national key parks and the national water conservancy scenic spots had present the strongest aggregation,with NNI of 0.563 and 0.561 respectively,and K index indicates reducing aggregation when distance exceeds 600 km.(2)The national forest parks account for the largest proportion of 22.87% of all NPAs,and the world biosphere reserves the least of 0.77%.The number of NPAs in Shandong with 240 had been the largest one in all the provinces,while Tianjin had the least number including 9 NPAs.(3)There is only one hot spot in the first-class zone,5 in the second-class zones,and 51 in the third-class zones,which indicates NPAs are also aggregated at microscopic scales.(4)The hotspot NPA regions were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow and Yangtze rivers,east of 100°*** density of NPAs were generally in flat,water-rich,broad-leaved forest dominated plains and low mountain areas,with fertile soil,pleasant weather,long cultural history,and high transportation accessibility.(5)Average NPA accessible time is 60.05 min,with 70.76%regions being within 60 min,and the furthest was 777 *** distribution of accessibility was positively related to the traffic *** protectionism has meant the various departments developed different management systems,standards,and technical specifications.

关键词： protected areas spatial structure accessibility national park system ecological civilization

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中国地级及以上城市网络结构韧性测度

地理学报 2021年第6期76卷 1394-1407页

作者：魏石梅潘竟虎西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州730070

随着城市间关系趋向于网络化发展以及外部急性冲击和慢性压力的增加,城市网络结构韧性作为衡量区域韧性的重要手段,致力于评估城市网络系统在面对突发故障或扰动时,能够抵御、吸收和恢复原有网络特征和重要功能的能力。以中国346个地级... 详细信息

随着城市间关系趋向于网络化发展以及外部急性冲击和慢性压力的增加,城市网络结构韧性作为衡量区域韧性的重要手段,致力于评估城市网络系统在面对突发故障或扰动时,能够抵御、吸收和恢复原有网络特征和重要功能的能力。以中国346个地级及以上城市为研究对象,采用2017年百度指数、腾讯人口迁徙大数据等,在构建信息、交通、经济和综合城市联系网络的基础上,从城市节点和网络层面对其层级性和匹配性进行测度,并对中断场景下网络的传输性和多样性进行分析,进而针对各网络从不同视角提出网络结构优化策略和建议。结果表明:①2017年中国346个地级及以上城市的信息、交通、经济和综合联系网络整体上呈现以“胡焕庸线”为界的“东密西疏”的分布格局,但空间结构各有特点。②信息、交通和经济三大网络的层级性排名依次为经济>信息>交通网络。大城市及省会城市因其信息技术的快速创新与传播、产业经济的高度发展与集聚及交通基础设施的快速配备与完善在网络中具有更高的层级。③信息、交通、经济三大网络均具有异配性特征。信息网络中高权重节点与低权重节点间的跨区域交流机会更多,因而具有最高的异配韧性。④信息网络的传输与多样韧性稍高于经济网络,远高于交通网络。同一城市节点的故障或中断在影响网络传输性的同时,也会累及网络的多样性。

关键词：城市网络网络结构韧性空间分析空间大数据中国

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中国荒野地空间识别及时空演变

地球信息科学学报 2023年第2期25卷 324-339页

作者：马力潘竟虎西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州730070

在生态危机日益严峻和生态文明建设日益加快的背景下,中国特殊的区域差异与自然环境限制了人口的均匀分布与社会经济全空间布局,形成了面积大、分布广的荒野地(Wilderness Areas,WAs)。客观、准确界定荒野地的空间范围并分析其时空演变... 详细信息

在生态危机日益严峻和生态文明建设日益加快的背景下,中国特殊的区域差异与自然环境限制了人口的均匀分布与社会经济全空间布局,形成了面积大、分布广的荒野地(Wilderness Areas,WAs)。客观、准确界定荒野地的空间范围并分析其时空演变格局,对于开展资源环境承载力评价、生物多样性保护、国家公园与生态安全屏障建设等具有重要意义。当前,对荒野地面积、分布特征与时空演变格局等研究少有定论。本文以2000、2010、2020年多源空间数据为基础,从决定和影响的角度出发,构建荒野地多要素识别模型,对中国荒野地空间范围进行界定,分析其地理分布特征及时空演变格局。研究结果表明:(1)基于多源空间数据,通过建立荒野地决定-影响的耦合关系模型,可准确、有效地识别中国荒野地空间范围;(2)中国荒野地在空间上呈现大范围集中分布,小区域零散分布的状态,3个时期荒野地总面积分别为344.18、297.67、279.86万km^(2),主要分布在西藏、新疆、青海、内蒙古、黑龙江等省区;(3)中国荒野地面积大部分来源于草地和未利用地,2000—2020年,荒野地面积呈现出逐渐减少的趋势,且2000—2010年的减少速率要高于2010—2020年;(4)大部分自然保护区和首批国家公园主体分布于荒野地中,2020年荒野地被保护面积达63.21万km^(2),占自然保护区总面积的69.32%。

关键词：荒野地无人区空间识别自然保护地国家公园时空格局中国温湿指数

干旱内陆河流域生态系统服务空间权衡与协同作用分析

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农业工程学报 2017年第17期33卷 280-289页

作者：潘竟虎李真西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州730070

为了测度生态系统服务的空间权衡/协同关系,该文以干旱内陆河流域典型地区嘉峪关-酒泉地区为研究区,对其2000年和2010年食物供给、碳储存、水源涵养和土壤保持4种生态系统服务物质量进行定量测算。利用相关分析法和空间热点制图等方法,... 详细信息

为了测度生态系统服务的空间权衡/协同关系,该文以干旱内陆河流域典型地区嘉峪关-酒泉地区为研究区,对其2000年和2010年食物供给、碳储存、水源涵养和土壤保持4种生态系统服务物质量进行定量测算。利用相关分析法和空间热点制图等方法,分析了生态系统服务时空变化,从县域尺度和区域尺度上分析了生态系统服务之间的权衡协同关系,识别了某种服务的物质量或价值量极高的热点区。结果表明:研究区单位面积食物供给的高值区分布在中东部的肃州区及嘉峪关市,碳储存表现为东部及南部较高的分布格局;土壤保持在2000年和2010年变化不大,呈现出从西到东逐渐增大的分布趋势;单位面积水源涵养值由2000年的0.40 mm/(m2·a)提高到2010年的0.99 mm/(m2·a)。县域尺度上,各种生态系统服务之间大多为协同关系,其中食物-碳和水源-碳之间的协同程度较高;区域尺度上,食物供给和土壤保持、水源涵养和土壤保持生态系统服务间存在此消彼长的权衡关系。4种生态系统服务的值均未超过各自平均值的0类服务区和只有1种生态系统服务的值超过其所对应平均值的1类服务区分别占总面积的58.50%和25.20%。该研究结果可为制定差别化的区域发展与生态保护双赢政策提供科学参考。

关键词：生态地貌遥感生态系统服务权衡与协同嘉酒地区干旱内陆河

利用OWA和电路模型优化黄河流域甘肃段生态安全格局

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农业工程学报 2021年第3期37卷 259-268,F0003页

作者：潘竟虎李磊西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州730070 北京师范大学地理科学学部北京100875

从生态系统服务视角出发优化生态安全格局,对于维护区域生态安全格局,确保经济社会稳定发展意义重大,但现有研究缺乏对多种生态系统服务之间权衡情景下生态系统状况的认知。该研究以黄河流域甘肃段为研究单元,在测度2019年食物供给、碳... 详细信息

从生态系统服务视角出发优化生态安全格局,对于维护区域生态安全格局,确保经济社会稳定发展意义重大,但现有研究缺乏对多种生态系统服务之间权衡情景下生态系统状况的认知。该研究以黄河流域甘肃段为研究单元,在测度2019年食物供给、碳固定、产水量、土壤保持及生境质量5种典型生态系统服务的基础上,利用有序加权平均(Ordered Weighted Averaging,OWA)模型识别出生态系统服务权衡度最高的优先保护区作为生态源地,利用最小累积阻力模型和电路模型识别生态廊道和战略点区域,进行生态安全格局构建与优化。结果表明:黄河流域甘肃段生态源地斑块共计169个,总面积27 460.56 km^(2),约占研究区总面积的19.2%。5种生态系统服务之间在全流域尺度下呈现出协同关系,甘南高原、陇中、陇东黄土高原由于受地形气候和植被覆盖以及人类活动的影响,生态系统服务差异显著。利用电路模型提取得到441条生态廊道,总体呈网状分布,贯穿东西,识别出生态节点49个。提出构建"四轴、六区、多中心"的黄河流域甘肃段生态安全空间布局优化体系,形成功能化、网络化的区域生态空间优化结构。

关键词：生态模型安全格局生态系统服务 OWA 电路模型黄河流域甘肃段