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Coal measure metallogeny:Metallogenic system and implication for resource and environment

Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第7期65卷 1211-1228页

作者： Yong LI songqi pan Shuzheng NING Longyi SHAO Zhenhua JING Zhuangsen WANG China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing) Beijing 100083China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China China National Administration of Coal Geology Beijing 100039China

Coal,coal measure gas,coal conversion to oil and gas,and coal-based new materials are reliable guarantees for stable energy supply and economic and social development in *** coal-dominated resource endowment and the economic and social development stage determine the irreplaceable position of coal resources in the energy *** measure resources,including aggregated or dispersed solids,liquid and gaseous multitype energies,and metal as well as nonmetallic minerals,are the products of multisphere interaction and metallogenetic materials generation,migration,and *** measures record rich deep-time geological information of transitional and terrestrial peat bogs,which is a crucial carrier to reveal ecosystem evolution,significant organic carbon sequestration,atmospheric O_(2)/CO_(2)variation,and wildfire *** measure evolution is accompanied by the migration and transformation of various materials during diagenesis-metamorphism,forming differentiated coal compositions besides properties and various mineral resources in its adjacent *** enrichment condition,occurrence state,and separation potential are the premise for level-by-level use and efficient development of coal measure *** measure metallogeny is based on the metallogenic system of multiple energy and mineral resources in coal measures and their environmental *** understanding coal measure metallogeny is beneficial for promoting the coal transition from fuel to raw materials and strengthening its attribute of multiple mineral *** metallogeny comprises various aspects,including:(1)the symbiosis mechanism,co-exploration and co-mining conditions of various resources;(2)the source-sink system of ore-forming materials;(3)the differential carbon accumulation and hydrogen enrichment effect;(4)organic(coal and hydrocarbon)and inorganic(mineral)interactions;and(5)combination of minerals naturally enrichment during the metallogenic process and artificial

关键词： Coal geology Coal measure resources Coal measure critical metals Coal measure natural gas Earth system

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Prospects of Underground Hydrogen Storage in the Hydrogen Energy Industry amid Energy Transition Trends

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年

作者： songqi pan Coining Zou Ziheng Wang PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development

This paper explores the crucial role of Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) in the energy transition， presenting its types， applications， and distinct advantages. UHS offer large-scale storage capacity， extensive lifespans， and high safety levels， positioning them as an essential component of the energy transition to renewable resources. The development of UHS is primarily driven by policy initiatives， technological innovation， and economic incentives. The paper emphasizes the strategic goal of enhancing economic benefits by establishing a complete value chain for the hydrogen energy industry， propelling market-driven investment into hydrogen energy. The paper identifies China’s potential to lead in UHS due to its vast resources， technological advances， comprehensive industrial chain， and large industrial scale. Hydrogen blending is a essential pathway to achieve net-zero emissions， utilizing existing natural gas pipeline networks and underground gas storage facilities for a smooth transition to green hydrogen. In conclusion， UHS， coupled with smart strategies like hydrogen blending， can effectively support the global shift towards cleaner， sustainable energy sources， contributing to global decarbonization and climate goals.

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In-situ U-Pb Dating of Quartz:A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 726-728页

作者： Entao Liu Jian-Xin Zhao songqi pan Detian Yan Hua Wang Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Radiogenic Isotope Facility School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbane Qld 4072Australia PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH PROGRESS Recent advancements in analytical capabilities and the precision of measuring instruments in in-situ laser ablation mass spectrometry(LA-MC-ICPMS)have markedly broad ened the utility of the U-Pb isotopic *** progress has paved the way for accurately determining the ab solute ages of minerals with low uranium *** re cent years,in-situ U-Pb dating has witnessed rapid advance ments across diverse mineral types,encompassing calcite,dolo mite,fluorite,nacrite,anatase,and wolframite(Roberts et al.,2020).

关键词： dating minerals isotopic

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“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Shale oil and gas in Sichuan Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第7期63卷 934-953页

作者： Caineng ZOU Zhi YANG Shasha SUN Qun ZHAO Wenhua BAI Honglin LIU songqi pan Songtao WU Yilin YUAN PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

The Sichuan Basin is rich in shale oil and gas resources,with favorable geological conditions that the other shale reservoirs in China cannot ***,the basin is an ideal option for fully"exploring petroleum inside source kitchen"with respect to onshore shale oil and gas in *** paper analyzes the characteristics of shale oil and gas resources in the United States and China,and points out that maturity plays an important role in controlling shale oil and gas *** shale oil and gas exhibit high proportions of light hydrocarbon and wet gas,whereas Chinese marine and transitional shale gas is mainly dry gas and continental shale oil is generally heavy.A comprehensive geological study of shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin reveals findings with respect to the following three ***,there are multiple sets of organic-rich shale reservoirs of three types in the basin,such as the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation marine shale,Permian Longtan Formation transitional shale,Triassic Xujiahe Formation lake-swamp shale,and Jurassic lacustrine *** shale gas enrichment is mainly controlled by four elements:Deep-water shelf facies,moderate thermal evolution,calcium-rich and silicon-rich rock association,and closed roof/***,the"sweet section"is generally characterized by high total organic carbon,high gas content,large porosity,high brittle minerals content,high formation pressure,and the presence of lamellation/bedding and natural ***,the"sweet area"is generally characterized by very thick organic-rich shale,moderate thermal evolution,good preservation conditions,and shallow burial depth,which are exemplified by the shale oil and gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation,Longtan Formation,and Daanzhai Member of the Ziliujing ***,the marine,transitional,and continental shale oil and gas resources in the Sichuan Basin account for 50%,25%,and 30%of the res

关键词： Shale oil Shale gas Marine facies Continental facies Transitional facies Resource potential Sweet area Sweet section Source rock oil and gas Shale oil and gas revolution "Sichuan-Chongqing Daqing-Gas"

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LA-ICPMS in-situ U-Pb Geochronology of Low-Uranium Carbonate Minerals and Its Application to Reservoir Diagenetic Evolution Studies

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 872-879页

作者： Entao Liu Jian-Xin Zhao Hua Wang songqi pan Yuexing Feng Qianglu Chen Faye Liu Jiasheng Xu State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development Beijing 100083China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Minerals Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Radiogenic Isotope Facility School of Earth and Environmental Sciencesthe University of QueenslandBrisbane Qld 4072Australia PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

Reconstruction of the diagenetic evolution of reservoirs is one of the most significant tasks in oil and gas exploration and *** the accurate timing of diagenetic events is critical to better understand the process of reservoir evolution,but the isotope dating of diagenetic events is technically *** paper uses three case studies in the sedimentary basins in China to demonstrate the promising application of recently developed LA-(MC)-ICPMS in-situ U-Pb *** results show that the new U-Pb dating method provides a reliable and efficient chronological approach to determine the absolute ages of diagenetic *** example,the U-Pb age data of the Cambrian carbonate reservoir in the Tarim Basin reveals three diagenetic events at 526±14,515±21,and 481±4.6 Ma,*** is worth noting that microscopic observations are particularly important for improving the success rate of U-Pb *** addition,the recent progress and future prospects in the in-situ U-Pb dating method are also discussed in this study,suggesting that this method is currently hindered by the lack of international carbonate standards for data correction.

关键词： LA-ICPMS U-Pb geochronology carbonate minerals diagenetic evolution reservoir sedimentary basin

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On the connotation, challenge and significance of China’s “energy independence” strategy

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第2期47卷 449-462页

作者： ZOU Caineng pan songqi ZHAO Qun Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The world’s energy is in the "third major transformation period" from fossil energy to new energy, and all countries in the world have formulated energy development strategies. Through advanced deployment, the United States is about to achieve "energy independence" relying on "unconventional oil and gas revolution". China’s energy development is faced with four challenges:(1) The population base and economic development scale determine the "totally huge amount" of energy consumption;(2) the "coal rich but oil and gas insufficient" resource structure determines the "unclean" energy consuming structure;(3) the increasing dependence on imported oil and gas determines the "unsafe" energy supply;and(4) the unconventional oil and gas endowment makes it impossible to achieve energy independence by copying the American model. From the perspective of the world energy trend and the unique situation of China’s energy, we put forward a "three-step" strategy for China to achieve "energy independence": From 2020 to 2035, "energy supply security" will be addressed by "cleaning coal, stabilizing oil and gas production and vigorously developing new alternative energy";from 2035 to 2050, the vision of "production independence" will be realized by relying on "domestic production and overseas oil and gas mining rights";from 2050 to 2100, "intelligent energy and new energy" will help China realize "energy independence". The two important signs of China’s "energy independence" are that domestic production accounts for more than 90% of the domestic consumption and clean energy production accounts for more than 70%, and energy security realizes "independence and self-control" and "long-term security". The strategic significance of "energy independence" is to ensure national energy security, drive the development of relevant major industries, achieve energy management reform, and implement the environmental protection goal of zero carbon emissions. The "energy independence" of China is a st

关键词： energy independence energy revolution intelligent energy coal unconventional oil and gas new energy energy long march

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Fluid Mobility Evaluation of Tight Sandstones in Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 850-862页

作者： Songtao Wu Shixiang Li Xuanjun Yuan Zhi Yang Aifen Li Jingwei Cui songqi pan Zhiguo Mao Ling Su You Zhou Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoirs CNPCBeijing 100083China National Energy Tight Oil and Gas R&D Center Beijing 100083China Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi’an 710000China China University of Petroleum Qingdao 266510China School of Civil Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056000China

Fluid mobility has been important topic for unconventional reservoir *** tight sandstones in Chang 7 Member of the Ordos Basin has been selected to investigate the fluid mobility based on the application of core flooding-NMR combined method and core centrifugation-NMR combined method,and the porous structure is studied using optical microscope,field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),CT and mercury *** results include:(i)Feldsparrock fragments dissolution pores,calcite dissolution pores,clay mineral dissolution pores,intergranular dissolution expansion pores,inter-granular pores,intra-kaolinite pores,and intra-illite/smectite mixed layer pores are developed in Chang 7 tight sandstones;3D CT pore structure shows that the pore connectivity is positively related to physical properties,and the overall storage space is connected by the throat with diameter between 0.2 and 0.3μ*** percentage of storage space connected by throats with diameter less than 100 nm can reach more than 35%.(ii)Movable fluid saturation of Chang 7 tight sandstones is between 10%and 70%,and movable oil saturation is between 10%and 50%.Movable fluid saturation may cause misunderstanding when used to evaluate fluid mobility,so it is recommended to use movable fluid porosity in the evaluation of fluid *** porosity ranging from 5%to 8%is the inflection point of the fluidity and pore *** samples with porosity less than 8%,the movable fluid porosity is generally less than 5%.Moreover,the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.1 to 1μ*** samples with porosity greater than 8%,the porosity of the movable fluid is more than 5%,and the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.2 to 2μm.(iii)The movable fluid saturation measured by core flooding-NMR combined method is generally higher than that measured by core centrifugation-NMR combined *** former can evalua

关键词： tight oil shale oil unconventional petroleum accumulation nano-pores movable oil

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What are the Lacustrine Fine-Grained Gravity Flow Sedimentation Process and the Genetic Mechanism of Sweet Sections for Shale Oil?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1321-1323页

作者： Caineng Zou Youliang Feng Zhi Yang Wenqi Jiang songqi pan Tianshu Zhang Xiaoni Wang Jichang Zhu Jiarui Li Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing100083China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

0 INTRODUCTION Oil in continental Basins is the main contributor to petroleum reserves and production in *** exploration targets of the oil in continental Basins have experienced a transformation from conventional oil,whose reservoirs are mainly composed of coarse-grained deposits outside the lacustrine basin,and coarse-medium-grained sediments deposited near the shoreline of the lacustrine basin.

关键词： China lacustrine continental

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Methods for Shale Gas Play Assessment: A Comparison between Silurian Longmaxi Shale and Mississippian Barnett Shale

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第2期26卷 285-294页

作者： songqi pan Caineng Zou Zhi Yang Dazhong Dong Yuman Wang Shufang Wang Songtao Wu Jinliang Huang Qun Liu Dule Wang Ziyuan Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petro China Southwest Petroleum University

Based on field work, organic geochemical analyses and experimental testing, a six-property assessment method for shale gas is proposed. These six properties include organic matter properies, lithofacies, petrophysical properties, gas content, brittleness and local stress field. Due to the features of continuous distribution over a large area and low resource abundance in shale plays, a sweet spot should have these following properties：（a） TOC〉2%; （b） brittle minerals content （〉40%） and clay minerals （〈30%）; （c） Ro （〉1.1%）; （d） porosity （〉2%） and permeability （〉0.000 1 mD）, and （e） effective thickness （30-50 m）. Applying these criteria in the Sichuan Basin, the Silurian Longmaxi shale consists of four prospecting sweet spots, including blocks of Changning, Weiyuan, Zhaotong and Fushnn-Yongchuan. Although these four blocks have some similarities, different features were usually observed. After comprehensive analyses using the six-property assessment method, the Fushun-Yongan Block ranks the most favorable sweet spot, followed by the Weiyuan Block. For the other two blocks, the Changning Block is better than the Zbaotong Block. By comparing with the Mississippian Barnett shale, characteristics that are crucial for a high-yielding in the Sichuan Basin include a high content of organic matter （TOC〉2.5%）, a moderate thermal maturity （Ro=0.4%-2%）, a high content of brittle minerals （quartz： 30%-45%）, a high gas content （〉2.5 m^3·t^-1）, and types I and II1 kerogen.

关键词： shale gas play Silurian Longmaxi shale Barnett shale sweet spot six-property assessment.

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Identification of sweet spots in shale-type and siltstone-type“shale oil systems”:A case study of the Chang 7 Member in Ordos Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1647-1663页

作者： songqi pan Qiulei GUO Caineng ZOU Zhenhua JING Ming YUAN Ying HE He ZHENG Ying MU Zhi YANG Shixiang LI Xinping ZHOU Songtao WU Hanlin LIU Feng YANG Yuanjia HAN Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Beijing 100083China School of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi’an 710018China

Mid-high maturity shale oil is the most realistic field for the scale breakthrough of terrestrial shale oil production in ***,three deficiencies hinder shale oil development in China:heavy oil density,small sweet spot areas,and poor distribution ***,identifying the“sweet spots”in shale oil reservoirs is critical for the efficient exploration and development of terrestrial shale *** study targets the siltstone type(Class-Ⅱshale oil)and pure shale type(Class-Ⅲshale oil)of the Chang 7 Member in the Ordos Basin,and identifies three stratigraphic units,namely the hydrocarbon accumulation unit,hydrocarbon generation unit,and hydrocarbon retention unit,which together constitute the in-source“shale oil system”.The hydrocarbon accumulation unit is mainly siltstone,where the hydrocarbons are migrated from *** has favorable porethroat network connectivity with a pore connectivity ratio of 32–57%,being the siltstone-type sweet *** hydrocarbon generation unit is mainly composed of high-TOC mudstone/shale and is the main contributor to in-source hydrocarbon generation and *** unit has high three-dimensional connectivity(28–30%),as shown by the pore-throat network model,associated with vertical paths for hydrocarbon *** hydrocarbon retention unit is mainly composed of low-TOC mudstone/shale retaining self-generated and migrated *** pore connectivity rate is 17–42%,and the pore-throat network connectivity direction is *** and low-carbon-number hydrocarbons are preferentially trapped or even sealed in small pores of the retention unit,forming the typical mudstone/shale-type sweet *** the process called shale oil intrasource migration,the oil migrates in source rocks causing component fractionation,which allows more shale oil to enrich in the hydrocarbon accumulation and retention units to form sweet spots,compared with the hydrocarbon generation *** migration paths include the one from muds

关键词： Shale oil system Hydrocarbon accumulation unit Hydrocarbon generation unit Hydrocarbon retention unit Differentiated enrichment Sweet spots window Pore-throat network Throat direction

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