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An Easy Access to Oxime Ethers by Pd-Catalyzed C—O Cross-Coupling of Activated Aryl Bromides with Ketoximes and Chalcone Oximes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第8期38卷 830-836页

作者： reeta T.M.rangarajan raj pal Singh r.P.Singh Manjula Singh Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment SafetyDRDODelhiIndia Department of Chemistry University of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Chemistry Sri Venkateswara CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew DelhiIndia Department of Chemistry Shivaji CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew DelhiIndia

An efficient Pd-catalyzed method for C—O cross-coupling of ketoximes and chalcone oximes with activated aryl bromides and bromo-chalcones has been *** oxime ethers were obtained in good to excellent yields by[(π-allyl)PdCl]2/tBuXPhos(L7)catalyst ***(L11)was also found to be effective for the oxime *** method offers an easy and smooth coupling of chalcone oximes with activated aryl bromides and bromo-chalcones,which has not been previously explored.

关键词： coupling coupling bromide

NMr relaxation and diffusion studies to probe the motional dynamics of risperidone within PLGA microsphere

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Magnetic resonance Letters 2023年第2期3卷 197-205,I0005页

作者： Deepak Kumar Samanwita pal Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology JodhpurRajasthan342037.India Central Ayurveda research Institute Kolkata CCRASBidhannagarKolkata700091India

The present study aims to investigate the motional dynamics of risperidone within polylactic co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microsphere by employing solution state'H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance(NMr)***,a second-generation fluorinated antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of schizophrenia is commercially marketed as PLGA microsphere formulation resulting in prolonged release of the drug in *** the current trend in the pharmaceutical market is to develop drug formulation with long-acting release(LAr)products,complete physicochemical characterization of such formulations are *** the effects of microsphere encapsulation on the motional properties and diffusion behavior of the drugs are not discussed adequately in any of the earlier *** therefore,have employed NMr relaxation and diffusion measurements to decipher the interaction of PLGA cavity water with risperidone.A detailed analysis of NMr relaxation rates confirmed the event of encapsulation and the presence of local motion in the non-fluorinated end of ***,the relaxation data indicated a significant alteration in 19F chemical shift anisotropy(CSA)and CSA/dipole-dipole(DD)cross-correlated relaxation mechanism and decreased effect of solvent relaxation pointing out reduced water concentration within the microsphere cavity.'H and 19F diffusion coefficients of risperidone led to the information about hydrodynamic radius of risperidone in free and encapsulated *** of hydrodynamic radius supported the presence of limited water in PLGA cavity allowing higher translational mobility of risperidone after the encapsulation.

关键词： Polylactic co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microsphere Motional dynamics 1H and 19F NMr Diffusion Hydrodynamic radius Cross-correlated relaxation

Joint routing and rate allocation for multiple video streams in ad-hoc wireless networks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 727-736页

作者： SINGH Jatinder pal GIrOD Bernd Deutsche Telekom Laboratories Ernst-Reuter-Platz 7 Berlin 10587 Germany Information System Laboratory Stanford University California 94305 USA

The support for multiple video streams in an ad-hoc wireless network requires appropriate routing and rate allocation measures ascertaining the set of links for transmitting each stream and the encoding rate of the video to be delivered over the chosen links. The routing and rate allocation procedures impact the sustained quality of each video stream measured as the mean squared error (MSE) distortion at the receiver, and the overall network congestion in terms of queuing delay per link. We study the trade-off between these two competing objectives in a convex optimization formulation, and discuss both centralized and dis- tributed solutions for joint routing and rate allocation for multiple streams. For each stream, the optimal allocated rate strikes a balance between the selfish motive of minimizing video distortion and the global good of minimizing network congestions, while the routes are chosen over the least-congested links in the network. In addition to detailed analysis, network simulation results using ns-2 are presented for studying the optimal choice of parameters and to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed measures.

关键词： Ad-hoc wireless networks, Video streaming, rate allocation, Multi-path routing

Current paradigms and evolving concepts in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 683-689页

作者： Sumanta Kumar pal Oliver Sartor Division of Genitourinary Malignancies Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CA USA Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA USA

Until recently, docetaxel-based therapy represented the only therapy shown to prolong survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCrPC）. The past year and a half has been marked by unprecedented progress in treatments for this disease. Three positive phase III clinical trials have emerged, each evaluating agents （sipuleuceI-T, cabazitaxel and abiraterone） with distinct mechanisms of action. Herein, the three pivotal trials are described alongside both past and current large phase III studies conducted in this mCrPC. The overall survival for patients with mCrPC treated in current clinical trials is considerably longer than noted in the past. We note that more recent trials with older agents have also shown improved survival and discuss potential non-therapeutic biases that influence this critical measure of outcome. The necessity for utilizing randomized trials when evaluating new therapeutics is emphasized given the changing prognosis in this mCrPC.

关键词： abiraterone bevacizumab cabazitaxel castrate resistant castration resistant docetaxel hormone refractory Jevtana Provenge prostate cancer sipuleuceI-T

Impact of binary blends of biodiesels on fuel quality,engine performance and emission characteristics

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 417-425页

作者： Sandeep Gupta Mahendra pal Sharma Department of Hydro and renewable Energy Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeUttarakhand(247667)India

The incessant pressure of energy requirements by the growing global populace has led to the exploration of unconventional methods to produce renewable and sustainable *** these,biodiesel is most suited to the present needs of eco-friendly standards to keep the atmosphere free from residual *** fuel-modification methods were developed over a couple of decades to make biodiesel suitable for diesel *** the present research,Jatropha curcas biodiesel and waste-cooking-oil(WCO)biodiesel were used to craft a unique binary blend to obtain desirable fuel properties and operational suitability for the diesel *** blend with 80% WCO biodiesel and 20% *** biodiesel,which had the most suitable fuel properties,was tested on a four-stroke single-cylinder vertical diesel *** emissions and operational parameters were analysed and compared with *** results of the study indicated that engine emissions for binary blend,carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions were highly reduced,and carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))emissions increased relative to *** full load,NO_(x) emission was found to be 51.32% higher than that from diesel and 3.8% lower than that from WCO *** performance showed that for the binary blend,at full load,the brake-specific fuel consumption was 396.82 g/kWh,which was 15.26% higher,and the brake thermal efficiency was 22.7%,which was 2.74% lower than regular diesel *** present study suggests that the binary blend of *** biodiesel and WCO biodiesel can be a promising approach towards advancements in the fuel properties of biodiesels.

关键词： binary blends waste-cooking-oil biodiesel Jatropha curcas biodiesel engine emission engine performance

Analytical solutions fractional order partial differential equations arising in fluid dynamics

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第3期39卷 458-468页

作者： Sidheswar Behera Jasvinder Singh pal Virdi Department of Physics Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyOdishaIndia

This article describes the solution procedure of the fractional Pade-Ⅱ equation and generalized Zakharov equation(GSEs)using the sine-cosine ***-Ⅱ is an important nonlinear wave equation modeling unidirectional propagation of long-wave in dispersive media and GSEs are used to model the interaction between one-dimensional high,and low-frequency *** of trigonometric and hyperbolic function solutions in fractional calculus are *** simulations of the numerical solutions are flaunted by MATLAB.

关键词： the sine-cosine method He's fractional derivative analytical solution fractional Pade-Ⅱequation fractional generalized Zakharov equation

ChemNODE: A neural ordinary differential equations framework for efficient chemical kinetic solvers

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Energy and AI 2022年第1期7卷 142-148页

作者： Opeoluwa Owoyele Pinaki pal Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory9700 S Cass AvenueLemontIL 60439United States

Solving for detailed chemical kinetics remains one of the major bottlenecks for computational fluid dynamics simulations of reacting flows using a finite-rate-chemistry *** has motivated the use of neural networks to predict stiff chemical source terms as functions of the thermochemical state of the combustion ***,due to the nonlinearities and multi-scale nature of combustion,the predicted solution often diverges from the true solution when these machine learning models are coupled with a computational fluid dynamics *** is because these approaches minimize the error during training without guaranteeing successful integration with ordinary differential equation *** the present work,a novel neural ordinary differential equations approach to modeling chemical kinetics,termed as ChemNODE,is *** this machine learning framework,the chemical source terms predicted by the neural networks are integrated during training,and by computing the required derivatives,the neural network weights are adjusted accordingly to minimize the difference between the predicted and ground-truth solution.A proof-of-concept study is performed with ChemNODE for homogeneous autoignition of hydrogen-air mixture over a range of composition and thermodynamic *** is shown that ChemNODE accurately captures the chemical kinetic behavior and reproduces the results obtained using the detailed kinetic mechanism at a fraction of the computational cost.

关键词： Machine learning Neural ordinary differential equations Artificial neural networks Deep learning Chemical kinetics Artificial neural network Chemistry solvers

Influence of Heat Input on Martensite Formation and Impact Property of Ferritic-Austenitic Dissimilar Weld Metals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第4期28卷 343-352页

作者： M. Mukherjee T.K. pal Welding Technology Centre Metallurgical and Material Engineering Department Jadavpur University

The effect of heat input on martensite formation and impact properties of gas metal arc welded modified ferritic stainless steel （409M） sheets （as received） with thickness of 4 mm was described in detail in this work. The welded joints were prepared under three heat input conditions, i.e. 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 kJ/mm using two different austenitic filler wires （308L and 316L） and shielding gas composition of Ar ＋ 5% CO2. The welded joints were evaluated by microstructure and charpy impact toughness. The dependence of weld metal microstructure on heat input and filler wires were determined by dilution calculation, Creq/Nieq ratio, stacking fault energy （SFE）, optical microscopy （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It was observed that the microstructure as well as impact property of weld metal was significantly affected by the heat input and filler wire. Weld metals prepared by high heat input exhibited higher amount of martensite laths and toughness compared with those prepared by medium and low heat inputs, which was true for both the filler wires. Furthermore, 308L weld metals in general provided higher amount of martensite laths and toughness than 316L weld metals.

关键词： Heat input Ferritic-austenitic dissimilar weld Martensite Grain size Toughness

Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation-point flow of Sisko nanofluid over a stretching sheet with suction

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Propulsion and Power research 2020年第4期9卷 408-422页

作者： Dulal pal Gopinath Mandal Department of Mathematics Institute of ScienceVbva-Bharati UniversitySantiniketanWest Bengal731235India Siksha Satra Visva-BharatiSriniketanWest Bengal731236India

A numerical investigation is presented to show the effects of thermo-diffusion on the hydromagnetic stagnation-point flow of Sisko nanofluid over a linearly stretching sheet by considering viscous dissipation and Joule heating with suction/injection.A suitable set of similarity transformations is considered in order to convert the basic partial differential equations into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential *** efficient numerical method along with shooting technique is involved in older to solve the reduced governing basic *** influences of several emerging physical parameters of Sisko nanofluid on the profiles of velocity,temperature,solutal concentration,nanoparticle volume fraction,skin-friction coefficient,Nusselt number,and Sherwood number have been studied and analyzed in detail through graphs and *** is found that the skin friction coefficient decays more rapidly against the material parameter of Sisko ***,it is noticed that the Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameter have the reverse effects on Sisko nanofluid Sherwood num*** is analyzed that the Nusselt number decreases with an increase in the values of thermophoresis *** motion parameter,and Eckert number,while its value increases with material parameter and Dufour solutal Lewis *** is observed that the Sherwood number has ascending behavior for thermophoresis *** motion parameters,whereas nanofluid Sherwood number gets amplified with a hike in the nano Lewis number parameter for all the values of Brownian motion parameter.

关键词： Magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation-point Siskona nofluid Suction Joule heating