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Soil r.spir.tion, Micr.bial Biomass C and N Availability in a Sandy Soil Amended with Clay and r.sidue Mixtur.s

Pedospher. 2016年第5期26卷 643-651页

作者： Shar.istha pal Petr. MAr.CHNEr ICAr.Indian Institute of Soil and Water.Conser.ation Research Centre School of Agr.cultur. Food and Wine The University of Adelaide

Cr.p yields in sandy soils can be incr.ased by addition of clay-r.ch soil, but little is known about the effect of clay addition on nutr.ent availability after.addition of plant r.sidues with differ.nt C/N r.tios. A loamy sandy soil （7% clay） was amended with a clay-r.ch subsoil （73% clay） at low to high r.tes to achieve soil mixtur.s of 12%, 22%, and 30% clay, as compar.d to a contr.l （sandy soil alone） with no clay addition. The sandy-clay soil mixtur.s wer. amended with finely gr.und plant r.sidues at 10 g kg-l： matur. wheat （Tr.ticum aestivum L.） str.w with a C/N r.tio of 68, matur. faba bean （Vicia faba L.） str.w with a C/N r.tio of 39, or.their.mixtur.s with differ.nt pr.por.ions （0% 100%, weight per.entage） of each str.w. Soil r.spir.tion was measur.d over.days 0-45 and micr.bial biomass C （MBC）, available N, and pH on days 0, 15, 30, and 45. Cumulative r.spir.tion was not clear.y r.lated to the C/N r.tio of the r.sidues or.their.mixtur.s, but C use efficiency （cumulative r.spir.tion per.unit of MBC on day 15） was gr.ater.with faba bean than with wheat and the differ.nces among the r.sidue mixtur.s wer. smaller.at the highest clay addition r.te. The MBC concentr.tion was lowest in sole wheat and higher.in r.sidue mixtur.s with 50% of wheat and faba bean in the mixtur. or.mor. faba bean. Soil N availability and soil pH wer. lower.for.the soil mixtur.s of 22% and 30% clay compar.d to the sandy soil alone. It could be concluded that soil cumulative r.spir.tion and MBC concentr.tion wer. mainly influenced by r.sidue addition, wher.as available N and pH wer. influenced by clay addition to the sandy soil studied.

关键词： available N C use efficiency C/N r.tio cumulative r.spir.tion nutr.ent availability pH plant r.sidues

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The Inter.ational Study Gr.up of Pancr.atic Sur.er. definition of delayed gastr.c emptying and the effects of var.ous sur.ical modifications on the occur.ence of delayed gastr.c emptying after.pancr.atoduodenectomy

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Hepatobiliar. & Pancr.atic Diseases Inter.ational 2017年第4期16卷 353-363页

作者： r.jesh Panwar.Sujoy pal Depar.ment of Gastr.intestinal Sur.er. & Liver.Tr.nsplantation All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

BACKGr.UND:A number.of definitions have been used for.delayed gastr.c emptying(DGE) after.pancr.atoduodenectomy and the r.por.ed r.tes var.ed *** Inter.ational Study Gr.up of Pancr.atic Sur.er.(ISGPS) definition is the cur.ent standar. but it is not used *** this compr.hensive r.view,we aimed to deter.ine the acceptance r.te of ISGPS definition of DGE,the incidence of DGE after.pancr.atoduodenectomy and the effect of var.ous technical modifications on its *** SOUr.E:We sear.hed PubM ed for.studies r.gar.ing DGE after.pancr.atoduodenectomy that wer. published fr.m 1 Januar. 1980 to 1 July 2015 and extr.cted data on DGE definition,DGE r.tes and compar.son of DGE r.tes among differ.nt technical modifications fr.m all of the r.levant ***:Out of 435 sear.h r.sults,178 wer. selected for.data *** ISGPS definition was used in 80% of the studies published since 2010 and the aver.ge r.tes of DGE and clinically r.levant DGE wer. 27.7%(r.nge:0-100%;median:18.7%) and 14.3%(r.nge:1.8%-58.2%;median:13.6%),*** pr.ser.ation or.r.tr.colic r.constr.ction wer. not associated with incr.ased DGE *** pylor.c dilatation,Br.un’s enter.-enter.stomy and Billr.th Ⅱ r.constr.ction wer. associated with significantly lower.DGE r.tes,pylor.c r.ng r.section appear. to be most pr.mising with favor.ble r.sults in 7 out of 10 ***:ISGPS definition of DGE has been used in major.ty of studies published after.*** r.levant DGE r.tes r.main high at 14.3% despite a number.of pr.posed sur.ical *** r.ng r.section seems to offer.the most pr.mising solution to r.duce the occur.ence of DGE.

关键词： pancr.atoduodenectomy delayed gastr.c emptying ISGPS definition pylor.c r.ng r.section

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Gr.in-size distr.bution in suspension over.a sand-gr.vel bed in open channel flow

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Sediment r.sear.h 2014年第2期29卷 184-194页

作者： Koeli GHOSHAL Debasish pal Depar.ment of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur-721302India.Asst.Prof.Dr. Depar.ment of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur-721302India.Ph.D.Student

Gr.in-size distr.butions of suspended load over.a sand-gr.vel bed at two differ.nt flow velocities wer. studied in a labor.tor. *** exper.ments had been per.or.ed to study the influence of flow velocity and suspension height on gr.in-size distr.bution in suspension over.a sand-gr.vel *** exper.mental findings show that with an incr.ase of flow velocity,the gr.in-size distr.bution of suspended load changed fr.m a skewed for. to a bimodal one at higher.suspension *** study focuses on the deter.ination of the par.meter.β;which is the r.tio of the sediment diffusion coefficient to the momentum diffusion coefficient of n th gr.in-size.A new r.lationship has been pr.posed involving β;,the nor.alizing settling velocity of sediment par.icles and suspension height,which is applicable for.widest r.nge of nor.alizing settling velocity available in liter.tur. so far.A similar.par.meter.β for.calculating total suspension concentr.tion is also *** classical r.use equation is modified with β;and β and used to compute gr.in-size distr.bution and total concentr.tion in suspension,*** computed values have shown good agr.ement with the measur.d values of exper.mental data.

关键词： Diffusion coefficient Flow velocity Gr.in-size distr.bution r.use equation Suspended load

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Machine Lear.ing-based Electr.c Load For.casting for.Peak Demand Contr.l in Smar. Gr.d

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Computer., Mater.als & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 4785-4799页

作者： Manish Kumar.Nitai pal Depar.ment of Electr.cal Engineer.ng Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad826004India Depar.ment of Nuclear.Science&Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarIndia

Incr.asing ener.y demands due to factor. such as population,globalization,and industr.alization has led to incr.ased challenges for.existing ener.y *** ways of ener.y gener.tion and ener.y consumption like smar. gr.ds and smar. homes ar. implemented to face these challenges with r.liable,cheap,and easily available sour.es of *** integr.tion of r.newable ener.y and other.clean distr.buted gener.tion is incr.asing continuously to r.duce car.on and other.air.pollutants *** the integr.tion of distr.buted ener.y sour.es and incr.ase in electr.c demand enhance instability in the ***-ter. electr.cal load for.casting r.duces the gr.d fluctuation and enhances the r.bustness and power.quality of the *** load for.casting in advance on the basic histor.cal data modelling plays a cr.cial r.le in peak electr.cal demand contr.l,r.infor.ement of the gr.d demand,and gener.tion balancing with cost *** accur.te for.casting of electr.cal data is a ver. challenging task due to the nonstationar. and nonlinear.y natur. of the *** lear.ing and ar.ificial intelligence have r.cognized mor. accur.te and r.liable load for.castingmethods based on histor.cal load *** pur.ose of this study is to model the electr.cal load of Jajpur.Or.ssa Gr.d for.for.casting of load using r.gr.ssion type machine lear.ing algor.thms Gaussian pr.cess r.gr.ssion(GPr..The histor.cal electr.cal data and whether.data of Jajpur.is taken for.modelling and simulation and the data is decided in such a way that the model will be consider.d to lear. the connection among past,cur.ent,and futur. dependent var.ables,factor.,and the r.lationship among *** on this modelling of data the networ. will be able to for.cast the peak load of the electr.c gr.d one day *** study is ver. helpful in gr.d stability and peak load contr.l management.

关键词： Ar.ificial intelligence electr.c load for.casting machine lear.ing peak-load contr.l r.newable ener.y smar. gr.ds

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Development of car.on composite ir.n or. micr.pellets by using the micr.fines of ir.n or. and car.on-bear.ng mater.als in ir.n making

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Miner.ls,Metallur.y and Mater.als 2015年第2期22卷 132-140页

作者： Jagannath pal Satadal Ghor.i Avimanyu Das National Metallur.ical Labor.tor. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Ir.n or. micr.fines and concentr.te have ver. limited uses in sinter.ng pr.cesses. They ar. used in pelletization; however. this pr.cess is cost intensive. Fur.her.or., the micr.fines of non-coking coal and other.car.on-bear.ng mater.als, e.g., blast-fur.ace flue dust （BFD） and coke fr.es, ar. not used extensively in the metallur.ical industr. because of oper.tional difficu]ties and handling pr.blems. In the pr.sent wor., to utilize these micr.fines, coal composite ir.n oxide micr.pellets （2-6 mm in size） wer. pr.duced thr.ugh an innovative technique in which lime and molasses wer. used as binding mater.als in the micr.pellets. The micr.pellets wer. subsequently tr.ated with CO2 or.the industr.al waste gas to induce the chemical bond for.ation. The r.sults show that, at a ver. high car.on level of 22wt% （38wt% coal）, the cold cr.shing str.ngth and abr.sion index of the micr.pellets ar. 2.5-3 kg/cm2 and 5wt%-9wt%, r.spectively; these values indicate that the pellets ar. suitable for.cold handling. The developed micr.pellets have str.ng potential as a heat sour.e in smelting r.duction in ir.n making and sinter.ng to r.duce coke br.eze. The micr.pellets pr.duced with BFD and coke fines （8wt%-12wt%） wer. used in ir.n or. sin- ter.ng and wer. obser.ed to r.duce the coke br.eze consumption by 3%-4%. The quality of the pr.duced sinter.was at par.with that of the conventional blast-fur.ace sinter.

关键词： ir.nmaking micr.fines non-coking coal ir.n or. concentr.tes micr.pellets pelletizing, waste utilization

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Hybr.d fuzzy-gr.y-Taguchi based multi weld quality optimization of Al/Cu dissimilar.fr.ction stir.welded joints

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Advances in Manufactur.ng 2016年第3期4卷 237-247页

作者： Pr.kash Kumar.Sahu Kanchan Kumar. Sukhomay pal Sur.ya K. pal Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal 721302India

Nowadays aluminum alloys substitute copper.in var.ous applications for.weight r.duction and cost savings. This paper.pr.sents fuzzy-gr.y Taguchi technique for.optimization of fr.ction stir.welding condition with seven weld quality attr.butes of dissimilar.A1/Cu joints with the minimum number.of exper.ments for.effective pr.ductivity and pr.duct quality. Taguchi＇s L16 or.hogonal ar.ay was used to conduct the exper.ments. Fuzzy infer.nce system was adapted to conver. the multi quality char.cter.stics into an equivalent single quality par.meter.which was opti- mized by Taguchi appr.ach. Four.par.meter. namely, r.tational speed of the tool, welding speed, plunging depth and tool pin offset wer. var.ed in four.levels for.investi- gating the effects on the pr.cess output like tensile str.ngth, compr.ssive str.ngth, per.entage of elongation, bending angle, weld bead thickness and aver.ge har.ness at the nugget zone. The har.ness pr.file is consistent with the var.ation of the str.ctur. within the nugget zone （NZ）. Confir.ation exper.ment was conducted using pr.dicted optimum par.meter.setting and it showed that the pr.posed appr.ach could efficiently optimize weld quality par.me- ter.. The micr.str.ctur.l analyses wer. also per.or.ed for.all the zones of the joints at both Al and Cu sides. It r.vealed the finer.gr.in size at the NZ compar.d to the base mater.al due to dynamic r.cr.stallization.

关键词： Dissimilar.fr.ction stir.welding - Gr.y r.lational analysis. Fuzzy infer.nce system Multi-r.sponse optimization Mechanical pr.per.ies Micr.str.ctur.l analysis

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Identification of high-dielectr.c constant compounds fr.m statistical design

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npj Computational Mater.als 2022年第1期8卷 1396-1405页

作者： Abhijith Gopakumar.Koushik pal Chr.s Wolver.on Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Northwestern University2220 Campus DriveEvanstonIL60208USA

The discover. of high-dielectr.c mater.als is cr.cial to incr.asing the efficiency of electr.nic devices and ***,we r.por. thr.e pr.viously unexplor.d mater.als with ver. high dielectr.c constants(69r.e band gaps(2.9r.ening mater.als databases using statistical optimization algor.thms aided by ar.ificial neur.l networ.s(ANN).Two of these new dielectr.cs ar. mixed-anion compounds(Eu_(5)SiCl_(6)O_(4)and HoClO)and ar. shown to be ther.odynamically stable against common semiconductor. via phase diagr.m *** also uncover.d four.other.mater.als with r.latively lar.e dielectr.c constants(20r.ining-data ar. obtained fr.m the Mater.als Pr.ject,the sear.h-space consists of mater.als fr.m the Open Quantum Mater.als Database(OQMD)—demonstr.ting a successful implementation of cr.ss-database mater.als ***,we r.por. the dielectr.c pr.per.ies of 17 mater.als calculated using ab initio calculations,that wer. selected in our.design *** dielectr.c mater.als with high-dielectr.c pr.per.ies pr.dicted in this wor. open up fur.her.exper.mental r.sear.h oppor.unities.

关键词： dielectr.c high constant

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Micr.scopic mechanism of unusual lattice ther.al tr.nspor. in TlInTe_(2)

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npj Computational Mater.als 2021年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Koushik pal Yi Xia Chr.s Wolver.on Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

We investigate the micr.scopic mechanism of ultr.low lattice ther.al conductivity(κl)of TlInTe_(2)and its weak temper.tur. dependence using a unified theor. of lattice heat tr.nspor.,that consider. contr.butions ar.sing fr.m the par.icle-like pr.pagation as well as wave-like tunneling of *** we use the Peier.s–Boltzmann tr.nspor. equation(PBTE)to calculate the par.iclelike contr.butions(κl(PBTE)),we explicitly calculate the off-diagonal(OD)components of the heat-flux oper.tor.within a fir.tpr.nciples density functional theor. fr.mewor. to deter.ine the contr.butions(κl(OD))ar.sing fr.m the wave-like tunneling of *** each temper.tur.,T,we anhar.onically r.nor.alize the phonon fr.quencies using the self-consistent phonon theor. including quar.ic anhar.onicity,and utilize them to calculateκl(PBTE)andκl(OD).With the combined inclusion ofκl(PBTE),κl(OD),and additional gr.in-boundar. scatter.ngs,our.calculations successfully r.pr.duce the exper.mental *** analysis shows that lar.e quar.ic anhar.onicity of TlInTe_(2)(a)str.ngly har.ens the low-ener.y phonon br.nches,(b)diminishes the thr.e-phonon scatter.ng pr.cesses at finite T,and(c)r.cover. the weaker.than T^(−1) decay of the measur.dκl.

关键词： lattice phonon har.onic

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Influence of A-site cation disor.er.on str.ctur.l and magnetocalor.c pr.per.ies of Nd_(0.7–x)La_xSr.(0.3)MnO_3(x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 & 0.3)

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Jour.al of r.r. Ear.hs 2015年第10期33卷 1072-1080页

作者： Sudhar.han Vadnala Pr.m pal Saket Asthana Depar.ment of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad

In the pr.sent r.sear.h, the influence of A-site ionic size disor.er.on str.ctur.l, magnetic and magnetocalor.c pr.per.ies of Ndo.7_xtaxSr..3MnO3 （for.x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 ＆ 0.3） compounds wer. investigated. These compounds wer. synthesized by solid state r.action r.ute and cr.stallized in or.hor.ombic str.ctur. with Pnma space gr.up. An aver.ge ionic r.dius 〈r.〉 incr.ased with La-substitution which influenced the physical pr.per.ies such as the magnetic entr.py var.ing fr.m 4.78 J/kg.K （for.x-=0.0） to 3.55 J/kg.K （for.x=0.3） and the maximum magnetization at 5 K changing fr.m 3.92 μB （for.x=0.0） to 3.59 μB （for.x=0.3）. The change in maximum magnetic entr.py decr.ased with incr.ase of A-site aver.ge ionic r.dius. The decr.ase in magnetic entr.py indicated the suppr.ssion of lattice disor.er.that influenced the spin-lattice coupling. The fer.omagnetic tr.nsition temper.tur. shifted towar. r.om temper.tur. with La substitution. As 〈r.〉 incr.ased, the phase tr.nsition changed fr.m fir.t or.er.（for.x-=0.0） to second or.er.（for.x≥ 0.1） and the r.fr.ger.tion capacity incr.ased to a significant level. The modest change in magnetic entr.py over.a wide r.nge of tr.nsition temper.tur. might be useful for.futur. active magnetic r.fr.ger.tion technology.

关键词： manganites magnetocalor.c effect r.lative cooling Cur.e temper.tur. r.r. ear.hs

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Downstr.am Decr.asing Channel Capacity of a Monsoon-dominated Bengal Basin r.ver. A Case Study of Dwar.eswar.r.ver. Easter. India

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Chinese Geogr.phical Science 2020年第5期30卷 900-920页

作者： MALIK Sadhan pal Subodh Chandr. Depar.ment of Geogr.phy University of BurdwanBurdwan 713104West BengalIndia

Downstr.am changes in channel mor.hology and flow over.the ephemer.l Dwar.eswar.r.ver.in the wester. par. of the Bengal Basin, eastr.n India wer. investigated. The r.ver.str.tches fr.m the Pr.ter.zoic Gr.nite Gneiss Complex to the r.cent Holocene alluvium, for.ing thr.e distinctive geomor.hological r.gions acr.ss the r.ver.basin: the pediplane and upper.and lower.alluvial ar.as. Sixty cr.ss-sections fr.m thr.ughout the main tr.nk str.am wer. sur.eyed and the bankfull width, depth, cr.ss-sectional ar.a, and maximum depth wer. measur.d. Sediment samples fr.m each location wer. studied and the flow velocity, str.am power. Manning’s r.ughness coefficient, and shear.str.ss wer. estimated. The r.sults show that the bankfull channel cr.ss-section ar.a, width, width-to-depth r.tio, and channel capacity incr.ased between the beginning and middle of the r.ver. Ther.after. the size of the r.ver.star.ed to decr.ase in the lower.alluvial ar.a. This was char.cter.zed by gentle gr.dients, cohesive bank mater.als with gr.ss cover. and channel switching. Within the lower.par. of the r.ver. the channel capacity was obser.ed to diminish as the dr.inage ar.a incr.ased. This incr.ased the bankfull flow fr.quency and acceler.ted lar.e floodwater.losses in the floodplain via over.ank flows and floodways.

关键词： bankfull channel width bankfull dischar.e Dwar.eswar.r.ver flat alluvial plain channel degr.dation over.ank flow and flood

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