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Microstructure and mechanical properties of gadolinium-and misch metal-added Mg-Al alloy

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Rare Metals 2022年第9期41卷 3205-3213页

作者： Lavish Kumar Singh prince Joseph Amirthalingam srinivasan Uma Thanu Subramonia pillai Bellambettu Chandrasekhara pai Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur721301India Materials Science and Technology Division National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyTrivandrum695001India

The study investigates the effects of individual and combined additions of gadolinium(Gd)and misch metal(MM)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Al and Mg-9Al *** results show that the additions significantly alter the microstructure and grain size of the base ***-4Al based alloys have globular morphology,whereas Mg-9Al based alloys have dendritic *** addition of alloying elements,Gd and MM,introduces rectangular-shaped Al_(2)Gd phase and needle-shaped Al_(11)RE_(3) phase,*** best mechanical properties at room temperature are shown by Mg-9Al-2Gd alloy with tensile strength and elongation of 214 Mpa and 6.0%,respectively,whereas Mg-4Al-2Gd alloy exhibits the best properties at elevated temperature(150℃)with tensile strength and elongation of 172 Mpa and 14.0%,*** study also reports the microhardness value of different phases along with the cast *** Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase shows the highest hardness(VHN 92)followed by lamellar Mg17Al12(VHN 83)andα-Mg matrix(VHN 68).

关键词： Rare earth Gadolinium Alloying Microstructure Mechanical properties

Unfiltered Diesel Engine Exhaust Treatment by Discharge plasma: Effect of Soot Oxidation

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plasma Science and Technology 2004年第5期6卷 2475-2480页

作者： B.S.Rajanikanth Subhankar Das A.D.srinivasan Dept. of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 IndiaDept. of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 IndiaDept. of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India

A cascaded system of electrical discharges (Non-thermal plasma), catalyst andadsorption process was investigated for the removal of oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) and carbonmonoxide (CO) from a Diesel engine raw exhaust. The three processes were separately studied first,and then the cascaded processes, namely plasma-catalyst and plasma-adsorbent, were investigated. Inthis paper main emphasis was laid on the effect of carbonaceous soot oxidation on the plasmatreatment process. While the cascaded plasma-catalyst process exhibits a higher CO removal, thecascaded plasma-adsorbent process exhibits a higher NO_x removal. The experiments were conductedunder no-load. The plasma and adsorbent reactors were kept at room temperature throughout theexperiment while the catalyst reactor was kept at 200℃ / 300℃.

关键词： discharge plasma diesel engine exhaust catalyst adsorbent non-thermalplasma

Laboratory experiment on using non-floating body to generate electrical energy from water waves

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Frontiers in Energy 2012年第4期6卷 361-365页

作者： Arunachalam AMARKARTHIK srinivasan CHANDRASEKARAN Karuppan SIVAKUMAR HarenderSINHMAR Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Erode 638401India Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India

This paper describes an innovative method of using a nonbuoyant body to harness ocean waves. All the point absorbers are buoyant in nature and move up due to buoyancy and come down because of gravity. The point absorbers are designed to move along the waves to make the device efficient. These devices face excessive stress during the rough weather on account of the extreme motion of waves and cause the total device failure. The present study shows that using a nonbuoyant body for conven tional point absorber principle is much efficient and safer than any other device proposed till today. A small scale wave energy converter with nonbuoyant body was designed, fabricated and tested in small scale wave maker. An electrical generator was coupled with the device to generate electrical energy from harnessed waves. The generator was electrically loaded and the generated power was measured. It was found from the experiments that the proposed device showed a significant improve ment in electricity generation and safety during extreme conditions. In addition to the electricity generation, the characteristics of the device were also studied by using various wave and device parameters.

关键词： ocean wave energy point absorbers heavingbody non-floating object heave response ratio electricalenergy generation

Thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects on boundary layer flow of nanofluid in presence of thermal stratification due to solar energy

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第6期33卷 765-780页

作者： N.ANBUCHEZHIAN K.srinivasan K.CHANDRASEKARAN R.KANDASAMY Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Guru Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Anna University Department of Mechanical Engineering R.M.K.Engineering College Research Centre for Computational Mathematics Faculty of ScienceTechnology and Human DevelopmentUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

The problem of laminar fluid flow, which results from the stretching of a vertical surface with variable stream conditions in a nanofluid due to solar energy, is in- vestigated numerically. The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of the Brownian motion and thermophoresis in the presence of thermal stratification. The sym- metry groups admitted by the corresponding boundary value problem are obtained by using a special form of Lie group transformations, namely, the scaling group of transfor- mations. An exact solution is obtained for the translation symmetrys, and the numerical solutions are obtained for the scaling symmetry. This solution depends on the Lewis number, the Brownian motion parameter, the thermal stratification parameter, and the thermophoretic parameter. The conclusion is drawn that the flow field, the temperature, and the nanoparticle volume fraction profiles are significantly influenced by these param- eters. Nanofluids have been shown to increase the thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer performance of base liquids. Nanoparticles in the base fluids also offer the potential in improving the radiative properties of the liquids, leading to an increase in the efficiency of direct absorption solar collectors.

关键词： solar radiation Brownian motion nanofluid thermophoresis thermalstratification

Effects of gadolinium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第8期24卷 901-908页

作者： Lavish Kumar Singh Alok Bhadauria Amirthalingam srinivasan Uma Thanu Subramonia pillai Bellambettu Chandrasekhara pai Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Materials Science and Technology Division National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology

This research aims to study the significance of Gd addition(0wt%–2wt%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al alloy. The effect of Gd addition on the microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction(XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The Mg–9Al alloy contained two phases, α-Mg and β-Mg_(17)Al_(12). Alloying with Gd led to the emergence of a new rectangular-shaped phase, Al_2Gd. The grain size also decreased marginally upon Gd addition. The ultimate tensile strength and microhardness of Mg–9Al alloy increased by 23% and 19%, respectively, upon 1.5wt% Gd addition. We observed that, although Mg–9Al–2.0Gd alloy exhibited the smallest grain size(181 μm) and the highest dislocation density(5.1 × 10^(10) m^(-2)) among the investigated compositions, the Mg–9Al–1.5Gd alloy displayed the best mechanical properties. This anomalous behavior was observed because the Al_2Gd phase was uniformly distributed and present in abundance in Mg–9Al–1.5Gd alloy, whereas it was coarsened and asymmetrically conglomerated in Mg–9Al–2.0Gd.

关键词： magnesium rare earth alloying gadolinium microstructure mechanical properties

Dimensionality Reduction Using Optimized Self-Organized Map Technique for Hyperspectral Image Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2481-2496页

作者： S.srinivasan K.Rajakumar School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT UniversityVellore632014India

The high dimensionalhyperspectral image classification is a challenging task due to the spectral feature *** high correlation between these features and the noises greatly affects the classification *** overcome this,dimensionality reduction techniques are widely *** image processing applications recently propose numerous deep learning ***,in hyperspectral image classification,the features of deep learning models are less ***,for efficient hyperspectral image classification,a depth-wise convolutional neural network is presented in this research *** handle the dimensionality issue in the classification process,an optimized self-organized map model is employed using a water strider optimization *** network parameters of the self-organized map are optimized by the water strider optimization which reduces the dimensionality issues and enhances the classification *** datasets such as Indian pines and the University of pavia(Up)are considered for experimental *** dimensionality reduction methods like Enhanced Hybrid-Graph Discriminant Learning(EHGDL),local geometric structure Fisher analysis(LGSFA),Discriminant Hyper-Laplacian projection(DHLp),Group-based tensor model(GBTM),and Lower rank tensor approximation(LRTA)methods are compared with proposed optimized SOM *** confirm the superior performance of the proposed model of 98.22%accuracy for the Indian pines dataset and 98.21%accuracy for the University of pavia dataset over the existing maximum likelihood classifier,and Support vector machine(SVM).

关键词： Hyperspectral image dimensionality reduction depth-wise separable model water strider optimization self-organized map

pulse Skipping Modulated Buck Converter - Modeling and Simulation

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Circuits and Systems 2010年第2期1卷 59-64页

作者： Ramamurthy srinivasan Vanaja Ranjan p. 不详

Modeling and simulation results of a pulse skipping modulated buck converter for applications involving a source with widely varying voltage conditions with loads requiring constant voltage from full load down to no load is presented. The pulses applied to the switch are blocked or released on output voltage crossing a predetermined value. The regulator worked satisfactorily over a wide input voltage range with good transient response but with higher ripple content. Input current spectrum indicates a good EMI performance with crowding of components at audio frequency range for the se-lected switching frequency.

关键词： DC/DC Converter pulse Skipping Modulation Buck Regulator Modulation Factor

performance of two complementary machine-learned potentials in modelling chemically complex systems

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1008-1022页

作者： Konstantin Gubaev Viktor Zaverkin prashanth srinivasan Andrew Ian Duff Johannes Kästner Blazej Grabowski Institute for Materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute for Theoretical Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Scientific Computing Department STFC Daresbury LaboratoryWarrington WA44ADUK present address:NEC Laboratories Europe GmbH Kurfürsten-Anlage 3669115 HeidelbergGermany

Chemically complex multicomponent alloys possess exceptional properties derived from an inexhaustible compositional *** complexity however makes interatomic potential development *** explore two complementary machine-learned potentials—the moment tensor potential(MTp)and the Gaussian moment neural network(GM-NN)—in simultaneously describing configurational and vibrational degrees of freedom in the Ta-V-Cr-W alloy *** models are equally accurate with excellent performance evaluated against *** achieve root-mean-square-errors(RMSEs)in energies of less than a few meV/atom across 0 K ordered and high-temperature disordered configurations included in the *** for compositions not in training,relative energy RMSEs at high temperatures are within a few meV/***-temperature molecular dynamics forces have similarly small RMSEs of about 0.15 eV/Åfor the disordered quaternary included in,and ternaries not part of *** achieve faster convergence with training size;GM-NNs are faster in *** learning is partially beneficial and should be complemented with conventional human-based training set generation.

关键词： alloy faster complex

Effective removal of automobile exhausts over flower-like Ce_(1-x)Cu_xO_2 nanocatalysts exposed active {100} plane

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第6期36卷 603-612页

作者： A.Selvamani K.Shanthi D.Santhanaraj C.M.Babu V.V.srinivasan p.Thirukumaran V.Ramkumar A.Shakilaparveen R.Balasubramanian Department of Chemistry Anna University Department of Chemistry Loyola College Department of Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University

This work elucidates the synthesis and characterization of copper ions incorporated ceria(Ce1-xCuxO2)nanocatalysts with 3 D flower-like and nanocrystalline morphology for the purification of automobile exhausts. XRD and Raman results confirm the presence of copper ions in ceria. The 3 D flower-like and nanocrystalline morphology exhibited by these catalysts were seen by FESEM images. HRTEM and SAED results confirm that(100) plane is dominantly presented in 3 D flower-like Ce1-xCuxO2catalysts when compared to nanocrystalline morphology. The textural properties of synthesized catalysts was done with the help of N2 sorption study, which confirms that flower-like Ce1-xCuxO2catalysts show high surface area and pore volume. The existence of Ce3+, Ce4+, Cu+and Cu2+ions in the catalyst were examined by XpS and DR UV-Vis techniques. Oxygen storage capacity(OSC) of the catalysts was studied by H2-TpR analysis. These characterization results elucidate the presence of dominant active sites(Ce3+, Ce4+, Cu+and Cu2+) and {100} plane in the flower-like morphology compared to nanocrystalline. The catalytic activity of synthesized Ce1-xCuxO2catalysts was tested for removal of CO, HCxand NO gases from automobile emission with respect to the copper content and morphology. The obtained results indicate that the presence of optimum amount of copper in ceria with flower-like morphology is essential for the removal of CO, HCxand NO at low temperature via redox process, which is due to the presence of active sites on the dominant {100} plane.

关键词： Automobile exhausts Flower-like ceria Morphology Rare earths