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Comparative efficacy of hyperbaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 154-165页

作者： Rishi Anand Deb Sanjay Nag Roushan patel prashant Sharma Vamsi krishna Uppalapati Umesh kumar singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JhārkhandIndia

BACkGROUND Intrathecal bupivacaine is the traditional anesthetic drug used in spinal anesthesia for caesarean sections(CSs),but ropivacaine has emerged as a potential *** meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyper-baric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean *** To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in *** A thorough search of electronic databases was carried out to find pertinent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing intrathecal hyperbaric ropi-vacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine during ***,Cochrane database,Google Scholar,and Scopus were searched,and papers from January 2000 to January 2024 were deemed eligible and filtered using predetermined inclusion and exclusion *** were assessed for methodological quality,and data were extracted for time to adequate anesthesia(sensory and motor blockade),duration of sensory and motor block,hemodynamic changes and side effect *** standardized mean difference with 95%CI was used for continuous *** variables were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test and the random effect model to compute the odds *** Total 8 RCTs were selected from a pool of 119 search results for *** meta-analysis evaluated pooled effect sizes and assessed heterogeneity among the *** primary objective was to compare key outcomes to identify any significant variances in efficacy and safety profiles between two local *** analysis revealed that the difference in the onset of sensory blockade between the two local anesthetics was statistically insignificant(p=0.1586).However,the onset of motor blockade appeared to be faster with bupivacaine(p=0.03589).Additionally,the regression of sensory and motor blockade occurred earlier in the ropivacaine ***,the duration of the first analgesic

关键词： Ropivacaine Bupivacaine Anesthesia Spinal Cesarean section Meta-analysis

Resolution Enhancement of Optical Surface plasmon Resonance Sensor Using Metamaterial

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photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 330-338页

作者： Sarika pAL Y. k. pRAJApATI J. p. SAINI V. singh Sarika pal Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering KIET Ghaziabad (U.P.) India yogendra kumar prajapati Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering MNNIT Allahabad-211004 (U.P.) India jai prakash Saini Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering BIET Jhansi-284128 (U.P.) India Vivek singh Department of Physics Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi (U.P.) India

In this paper, we present and discuss a an optical surface plasmon resonance （SpR） path to extend the enhancement of the resolution of sensor. Basically, our approach is to combine bi-metamaterial layers to design the SpR sensor. The calculation shows that the proposed SpR sensor structure has a preference over the conventional SpR sensors and bimetallic SpR sensors since it gives a much sharper reflectance dip and can achieve considerable sensitivity improvement when compared to the recently reported investigations. The effects of the metamaterial permittivity, permeability, and thickness on the reflectance curve are studied. It is also seen that metamaterial layers improve the field of the proposed SpR structure, which may provide a novel tool to significantly enhance the sensitivity and resolution of the sensors.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance sensor metamaterials Fresnel equations reflectance

protease inhibitors:recent advancement in its usage as a potential biocontrol agent for insect pest management

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 186-201页

作者： Sujata singh Archana singh Sumit kumar pooja Mittal Indrakant k.singh Molecular Biology Research Laboratory Department of ZoologyDeshbandhu CollegeUniversity of DelhiKalkajiNew DelhiIndia Department of Botany Hans Raj CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia

plant derived protease inhibitors(pIs)are a promising defensin for crop im-provement and insect pest *** agronomist made significant efforts in utilizing pIs for managing insect *** potentials of pIs are still *** ability to compensate nutrient starvation induced by dietary pI feeding using different strategies,that is,overexpression of pI-sensitive protease,expression of pI-insensitive proteases,degradation of pI,has made this innumerable collection of pIs worthless.A practical challenge for agronomist is to identify potent pI candidates,to limit insect compensatory responses and to elucidate insect compensatory and resistance mechanisms activated upon *** knowledge could be further efficiently utilized to identify potential targets for RNAi-mediated pest *** vital genes of insects could be functionally anno-tated using the advanced gene-editing technique,CRISpR/*** research is exploiting different in silico and modern molecular biology techniques to utilize pIs in controlling insect pests *** review is structured to update recent advancements in this field,along with is chronological background.

关键词： gene stacking insect pest management pI transgenic proteases protease inhibitors transplastomic

Species Diversity and population Status of Threatened plants in Different Landscape Elements of the Rohtang pass,Western Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 73-83页

作者： k.N.singh Gopichand Amit kumar Brij Lal N.p.Todaria Biodiversity Division Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR)PalampurHimachal Pradesh176 061India Forestry department HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagarUttarakhandIndia

This paper highlights the quantitative estimates of plant species diversity and ecosystems of the Rohtang pass,which is one of the most preferred visiting spots by tourists in Himachal pradesh (H.p.),India. In spite of high pressure of anthropogenic activities,the Rohtang pass still harbours a variety of flowering plants with economic value,including various medicinal herbs. In order to observe species diversity in different landscape elements (LSEs),ground surveys were conducted in nine unique LSEs within the elevation range between 3624 m and 4332 m. plant community structure in each LSE was studied using stratified random sampling where a total 56 quadrats of 1 m2 in size for herbs and 7 quadrats of 25 m2 for shrubs were made. Of the total 50 plant species belonging to 15 families recorded in different random quadrats,24 species were found of medicinal value. Maximum species richness (18) and value of Shannon diversity (H'=2.2648) were observed on northeast-facing slope in picrorhiza kurrooa dominated LSE in moist area,followed by Rheum emodi LSE (species richness = 17 and H' = 2.4141) distributed on south-facing slope. Maximum values of species richness and Shannon diversity in Rheum emodi LSE were observed between 8 ～ 12 and 1.4797 ～ 2.1911,respectively. Rhododendron anthopogon dominated LSE on northwest-facing slope was found least diverse in terms of species richness where the Simpson index of dominance (D) was 0.4205. The species were equal in abundance in p. kurrooa LSE on east-facing slope and pleurospermum candollii LSE on north-facing slope,showing the maximum similarity in terms of species distribution between the two LSEs. Low turnover of species across common LSEs gives an idea regarding their limited distribution. Five species of threatened category according to the IUCN criteria were observed in seven LSEs. The largest population of threatened medicinal plants was recorded on northeast and northwest-facing slopes where population density of Bergenia

关键词： Species diversity threatened plant landscape Rohtang pass western Himalaya

5-Hydroxytryptamine-inhibiting property of Feverfew: role of parthenolide content

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Acta pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第12期21卷 51-59页

作者： Shivani MTTTRA,Aniruddha DATTA,S k singh,Amarjit singh Research and Development panacea Biotec Limited p O Lalru 140501 punjab India Research and Development panacea Biotec Limited p O Lalru 140501 punjab India Research and Development panacea Biotec Limited p O Lalru 140501 punjab India Research and Development panacea Biotec Limited p O Lalru 140501 punjab India

AIM: To study the mechanism of antimigraine activity of Tanacetum parthenium ( Feverfew), its extracts and parthenolide, a component of Feverfew, by observing their effect on 5-HT storage and release, and stimulation of 5-HT2B and 5-HT2A receptors. Also to standardize a dosage form of Feverfew with respect to its parthenolide content. METHODS: Isometric responses to 5-HT and an indirect acting serotonergic, d-fenfluramine, were obtained on rat fundus and ileum. In one set of experiments the effect of dichloromethane extract of Feverfew and parthenolide was observed on the above. The extract was then thermally degraded upto 10 %, 23 %, and 33 % with respect to its parthenolide content by keeping at 60℃ and 75 % relative humidity and the experiments were repeated. In another set of experiments rats were fed with 20 mg/kg Feverfew powder (equivalent to a human dose of 500 μg parthenolide per day) for 30 d or were ip injected with parthenolide (23.4 μg/day) for 7 d. In the same set of experiments one gro

关键词： Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew parthenolide sesquiterpenes lactones stomach fundus ileum serotonin antagonist migraine

Inflammation and retinal degenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 513-518页

作者： Geetika kaur Nikhlesh k.singh Integrative Biosciences Center Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA Department of Ophthalmology Visual and Anatomical SciencesWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA

Vision is an ability that depends on the precise structure and functioning of the *** kind of stress or injury can disrupt the retinal architecture and leads to vision impairment,vision loss,and *** system and immune response function maintain homeostasis in the *** genetic,metabolic,and environmental factors may alter retinal homeostasis,and these events may initiate various inflammatory *** prolonged inflammatory state may contribute to the initiation and development of retinal disorders such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,diabetic retinopathy,and retinitis pigmentosa,which pose a threat to *** the current review,we attempted to provide sufficient evidence on the role of inflammation in these retinal ***,this review paves the way to focus on therapeutic targets of the disease,which are found to be promising.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy glaucoma retina retinal degeneration retinitis pigmentosa

Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in Response to perennial Bioenergy Grass, Cover Crop and Nitrogen Fertilization

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pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 223-235页

作者： Upendra M. SAINJU Hari p. singh Bharat p. singh USDA Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Sidney MT 59270 (USA) Fort Valley State University Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley GA 31030 (USA)

Cover crop and nitrogen （N） fertilization may maintain soil organic matter under bioenergy perennial grass where removal of aboveground biomass for feedstock to produce cellulosic ethanol can reduce soil quality. We evaluated the effects of cover crops and N fertilization rates on soil organic carbon （C）（SOC）, total N （STN）, ammonium N （NH4-N）, and nitrate N （NO3-N） contents at the 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm depths under perennial bioenergy grass from 2010 to 2014 in the southeastern USA. Treatments included unbalanced combinations of perennial bioenergy grass, energy cane （Saccharum spontaneum L.） or elephant grass （pennisetum pur- pureum Schumazh.）, cover crop, crimson clover （Trifolium incarnatum L.）, and N fertilization rates （0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-l）. Cover crop biomass and C and N contents were greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha-1 than in the treatment of energy cane and elephant grass. The SOC and STN contents at 0-5 and 5-15 cm were 9%-20% greater in the treatments of elephant grass with cover crop and with or without 100 kg N ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The soil NO3-N content at 0--5 cm was 31%-45% greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The SOC sequestration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 Mg C ha-1 year-1 and the STN sequestration from 0.03 to 0.11 Mg N ha-1 year-1 from 2010 to 2014 for various treatments and depths. In contrast, the soil NH4-N and NO3-N contents varied among treatments, depths, and years. Soil C and N storages can be enriched and residual NO3-N content can be reduced by using elephant grass with cover crop and with or without N fertilization at a moderate rate.

关键词： C and N storages C sequestration feedstock management practices N cycling nitrate soil organic matter

Constraining the variable generalized Chaplygin gas model in matter creation cosmology

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2024年第10期76卷 119-134页

作者： Yogesh Bhardwaj C p singh Department of Applied Mathematics Delhi Technological UniversityBawana RoadDelhi-110042India

We explore the variable generalized Chaplygin gas(VGCG)model in the theory of matter creation cosmology within the framework of a spatially homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann—Lemai tre—Robertson—Walker *** creation cosmology is based on reinterpretation of the energy–momentum tensor in Einstein's field *** creation corresponds to an irreversible energy flow from the gravitational field to the created matter *** variable Chaplygin gas(VCG)is also studied as a particular *** use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method to constrain the free parameters of three models,namely,Lambda-Cold-Dark matter(ΛCDM),VGCG and VCG models with and without matter creation from the latest observational data from baryon acoustic oscillations,cosmic chronometer,type Ia supernovae(pantheon)including gamma-ray bursts,quasars and the local measurement of H_(0) from R21 *** different combinations of dataset provide a fairly tight constraint on the parameters of theΛCDM,VGCG and VCG *** present values of various cosmological parameters are obtained,which are very close to theΛCDM ***,we perform stability analysis,Bayesian evidence analysis and information criteria analysis for these models through studying the sound speed,Bayes factor,and Akaike information criteria(AIC)and Bayesian information criteria(BIC)selection *** values of sound speed for VGCG and VCG models shows that both the models are *** to AIC,it is observed that VGCG and VCG models with matter creation are supported considerably less by current observations,while BIC shows that these models are not favoured by observational data.

关键词： cosmological model matter creation Chaplygin gas model dark energy

Anisotropic Bianchi Type-ⅠModel with a Varying A Term

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Chinese physics Letters 2012年第3期29卷 41-43页

作者： R.k.Tiwari Divya singh Department of Mathematics Govt.Model Science College RewaM.P.486001India

Einstein field equations with variable gravitational and cosmological constants are considered in the presence of a perfect fluid for a Bianchi type-I universe by assuming that the cosmological term is proportional to the Hubble parameter..The variation law for vacuum density was recently proposed by Schützhold on the basis of quantum field estimation in a curved expanding *** cosmological term tends asymptotically to a genuine cosmological constant and the model tends to a de Sitter *** obtain that the present universe is accelerating with a large fraction of cosmological density in the form of a cosmological term.

关键词： universe parameter gravitational