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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl Lászlógál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNgCs). However, the use of tNgCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNgC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNgCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNgCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNgCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNgCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNgCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNgCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNgCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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论悖论的本质与逻辑

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自然辩证法通讯 2024年第6期46卷 28-38页

作者：王小塞北京大学外国哲学研究所北京100871 北京大学哲学系北京100871

本文提出一个关于悖论的新理论,根据这一理论,悖论即是某种超出信念的东西。我们将通过大量的案例表明这一理论如何避免以往理论(包括蒯因和索伦森的理论)面对的问题,它能够回应过度包容性的反驳,并提供对于悖论对象的本质与逻辑、发现... 详细信息

本文提出一个关于悖论的新理论,根据这一理论,悖论即是某种超出信念的东西。我们将通过大量的案例表明这一理论如何避免以往理论(包括蒯因和索伦森的理论)面对的问题,它能够回应过度包容性的反驳,并提供对于悖论对象的本质与逻辑、发现悖论性事物的认知价值的进一步分析。

关键词：基于论证的悖论理论基于集合的悖论理论信念主体性一般性

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Approach for C1 to C2 products commencing from carbon dioxide: A brief review

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pETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, g. R. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha Natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists, engineers, and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of organics. This conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries, which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global warming. The solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels, hydropower, wind, and biomaterials, etc. The final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis, which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of CO2 by employing appropriate photo-, thermal- and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom (C-1) and higher carbon atoms containing products. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of mankind. This way, solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal applications. In this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in CO2 chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon (C-2) atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of CO2. The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： photocatalysis Electrocatalysis plasmolysis Thermolysis Carbon dioxide Chemical reduction pHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 REDUCTION gAS SHIFT REACTION METAL-ORgANIC FRAMEWORKS EFFICIENT ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION DIELECTRIC-BARRIER DISCHARgES ION-EXCHANgE MEMBRANES FORMIC-ACID ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION ATMOSpHERIC-pRESSURE ROOM-TEMpERATURE

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From the dust:extracellular vesicles as regulators of development and neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 933-934页

作者： Leon g.Coleman Jr The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of MedicineDepartment of PharmacologyBowles Center for Alcohol StudiesChapel HillNCUSA

First impressions can have a lasting *** science,this can be especially problematic,because our lack of understanding often causes us to mislabel and thus ignore important biological *** this vein,extracellular vesicles(EVs)were once considered to be“cellular dust”.Similar to the previous concept of“junk DNA”to describe protein non-coding regions,EVs are far more than just cellular *** fact,EVs are emerging as key mediators of intracellular communication across nearly all biological *** includes peripheral immune responses(e.g.,arthropathies and sepsis),intra-organ communication(Seim et al.,2023),and a host of other physiological and pathological states(Figure 1A and B).

关键词： Figure extracellular

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CL2ES-KDBC:A Novel Covariance Embedded Selection Based on Kernel Distributed Bayes Classifier for Detection of Cyber-Attacks in IoT Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3511-3528页

作者： Talal Albalawi p.ganeshkumar Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a growing technology that allows the sharing of data with other devices across wireless ***,IoT systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks due to its opennes The proposed work intends to implement a new security framework for detecting the most specific and harmful intrusions in IoT *** this framework,a Covariance Linear Learning Embedding Selection(CL2ES)methodology is used at first to extract the features highly associated with the IoT ***,the Kernel Distributed Bayes Classifier(KDBC)is created to forecast attacks based on the probability distribution value *** addition,a unique Mongolian gazellas Optimization(MgO)algorithm is used to optimize the weight value for the learning of the *** effectiveness of the proposed CL2ES-KDBC framework has been assessed using several IoT cyber-attack datasets,The obtained results are then compared with current classification methods regarding accuracy(97%),precision(96.5%),and other *** analysis of the CL2ES-KDBC system on IoT intrusion datasets is performed,which provides valuable insight into its performance,efficiency,and suitability for securing IoT networks.

关键词： IoT security attack detection covariance linear learning embedding selection kernel distributed bayes classifier mongolian gazellas optimization

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presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan Josépérez-Moreno Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSp)is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder,characterized primarily by progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower *** ients can also experience peripheral neuropathy,cognitive impairment,and other neurological *** date,more than 80 genes have been implicated in HSp,encompassing various cellular components,although mutations in genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping proteins are the most prevalent(parodi et al.,2017).ER-shaping proteins are generally known for regulating the tubulation and curvation of the ER,but most of them show additional functions,including fusion of ER tubules,microtubule-severing,ER autophagy,lipid droplet synthesis,contact sites with other organelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the complexity of studying the role of these proteins and the link between ER function and HSp.

关键词： reticulum endoplasmic

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Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Miguel Chirivi g.Andres Contreras Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different organs and systems while impacting metabolic function by altering lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt changes in the gut microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin signaling pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT through the production of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insights into endotoxins' impact on AT function, highlighting the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

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Interpreting siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper paleozoic Mulargia-Escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca g.Costamagna Sara Criniti Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e geologiche Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late pennsylvanian-permian age are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratigraphic evolution of the Mulargia-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investigated to highlight how the tectono-magmatic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along well-characterized stratigraphic sections to provide a new insight into the impact of the tectono-magmatic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the conglomerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition changes in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening and the dismantling and reworking of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly changes from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same change of feeding and reworking of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites suggest exceptional floods carrying debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) paleozoic grains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a progressive unroofing of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： petrography Stratigraphy provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

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Direct-to-indirect mapping for optimal low-thrust trajectories

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 27-46页

作者： David Ottesen Ryan p.Russell Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas78712USA

Optimal,many-revolution spacecraft trajectories are challenging to solve.A connection is made for a class of models between optimal direct and indirect *** transfers that minimize thrust-acceleration-squared,primer vector theory maps direct,many-impulsive-maneuver trajectories to the indirect,continuous-thrust-acceleration *** mapping algorithm is independent of how the direct solution is obtained and requires only a solver for a boundary value problem and its partial derivatives.A Lambert solver is used for the two-body problem in this *** mapping is simple because the impulsive maneuvers and co-states share the same linear space around an optimal *** numerical results,the direct coast-impulse solutions are demonstrated to converge to the indirect continuous solutions as the number of impulses and segments *** two-body design space is explored with a set of three many-revolution,many-segment examples changing semimajor axis,eccentricity,and *** first two examples involve a small change to either semimajor axis or eccentricity,and the third example is a transfer to geosynchronous *** a single processor,the optimization runtime is seconds to minutes for revolution counts of 10 to 100,and on the order of one hour for examples with up to 500 *** of these thrust-acceleration-squared solutions are good candidates to start a homotopy to a higher-fidelity minimization problem with practical constraints.

关键词： direct optimization indirect optimization impulsive maneuvers Lambert's problem two-body dynamics primer vectortheory

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palladium-catalyzed S_(N)2 glycosylation of phenols

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1037-1038页

作者： Yu Zhu p.Andrew Evans Department of Chemistry Queen’s University90 Bader LaneKingstonK7L 3N6Canada Xiangya School of pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

glycosides are essential structural motifs present in an array of important medicines,materials,and natural products[1].Nevertheless,the chemo-and stereoselective construction of the glycosidic linkage is a long-standing challenge because relatively minor variations in the glycosyl donor or acceptor’s structure can impact stereoselectivity,thus influencing the product's functional properties.

关键词： properties palladium catalyzed

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