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Nanostructured lipid carrier for bioactive rice bran gamma-oryzanol

Food bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 659-667页

作者： Mary Annilyn L.Villar Mark Louis p.Vidallon Evelyn b.rodriguez Smart-Functional biomaterial Laboratory Institute of ChemistryCollege of Arts and ScienceUniversity of the Philippines Los BanosLagunaPhilippines University of the philippines Visayas Tacloban College Magsaysay Boulevard Corner Army RoadTacloban CityLeytePhilippines School of Chemistry Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia

The current work presents the development of a nanostructured lipid carrier(NLC)as a colloidal encapsulation and controlled release system for bioactiveγ-oryzanol(GO)from rice bran ***-loaded NLC(GO-NLC)were prepared using rice bran oil GO via a hot homogenisation method with sunflower oil(liquid lipid)and stearic acid(solid lipid)as the encapsulating lipid matrix,and rice bran phospholipids and Tween 80 as *** GO-NLC had a 95%encapsulation efficiency with a spherical‘yolk–shell’morphology and a 143 nm mean particle diameter.A 60-day storage stability study showed that GO-NLC had high GO retention(>90%)at ambient temperature in light and dark *** vitro release studies demonstrated that GO can be released from GO-NLC via different modes:slow controlled release into simulated intestinal fluid,following the Korsmeyer-peppas model,and rapidly into a surfactant solution(Tween 80),following first-order release ***,in vitro studies showed encapsulation of GO in NLCs afforded an 18-fold increase in free radical-scavenging activity,a two-fold increase in hyaluronidase-inhibitory,and a 200-fold improvement in anti-inflammatory *** suggest that GO-NLC is a suitable GO delivery system,which can either perform as an oral extended-release formulation or a rapid-release,surfactant triggered system,with improved health-promoting bioactivities.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Drug delivery Gamma-oryzanol Hyaluronidase inhibition Lipid-based encapsulation Nanostructured lipid carriers

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Symmetry in optics and photonics:a group theory approach

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Science bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 244-251页

作者： b.M.rodriguez-Lara Ramy EI-Ganainy Julio Guerrero Tecnologico de Monterrey.Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Monterrey 64849Mexico Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electr6nicaPueblaCP 72840Mexico Department of physics and Hexes Center for Quantum phenomena Michigan Technological UniversityHoughton.MI 49931USA Departamento de Matematicas Facultad de Ciendas Experimentales y de la SaludCampus Las LagunillasUniversidad de Jaen23071JaenSpain Departamento de Ingenierfa y Tecnologia de Computadores Facultad de lnformdticaCampus EspinardoUnivesidad de Murcia30100 MurciaSpain

Group theory(GT) provides a rigorous framework for studying symmetries in various disciplines in physics ranging from quantum field theories and the standard model to fluid mechanics and chaos theory. To date, the application of such a powerful tool in optical physics remains limited. Over the past few years however, several quantum-inspired symmetry principles(such as parity-time invariance and supersymmetry) have been introduced in optics and photonics for the first time. Despite the intense activities in these new research directions, only few works utilized the power of group theory. Motivated by this status quo, here we present a brief overview of the application of GT in optics, deliberately choosing examples that illustrate the power of this tool in both continuous and discrete setups. We hope that this review will stimulate further research that exploits the full potential of GT for investigating various symmetry paradigms in optics, eventually leading to new photonic devices.

关键词： Group theoryHelmholtz equationDiscrete opticsparity-time (pT) symmetry

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Ancient subsurface structure beneath crater Clavius:constraint by recent high-precision gravity and topography data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第1期19卷 95-102页

作者： Zhen Zhong Jian-Guo Yan J.Alexis p.rodriguez School of physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal University State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan University Guizhou provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data processing Guizhou Normal University planetary Science Institute

With the increasing precision of the GRAIL gravity field models and topography from LOLA, it is possible to investigate the substructure beneath crater Clavius. An admittance between gravity and topography data is commonly used to estimate selenophysical parameters, including load ratio, crustal thickness and density, and elastic thickness. Not only a surface load, but also a subsurface load is considered in estimation. The algorithm of particle swarm optimization(pSO) with a swarm size of 400 is employed as *** indicate that the observed admittance is best-fitted by the modeled admittance based on a spherical shell model, which was proved to be unsatisfactory in the previous study. The best-fitted load ratio f is around-0.194. Such a small load ratio conforms to the direct proportion between the nearly uncompensated topography and its corresponding negative gravity anomaly. It also indicates that a surface load dominates all the loads. Constrained within 2σSTD, a small crustal thickness(～30 km) and a crustal density of ～2587 kg m-3are found, quite close to the results from previous GRAIL research. Considering the well constrained crustal thickness and density, the best-fitted elastic thickness(～7 km) is rational. This result is slightly smaller than the previous study(～12 km). Such difference can be attributed to the difference in crustal density used and the precision of gravity and topography data. Considering that the small difference between the modeled gravity anomaly and observations is quite small, a parameter inversed here could be an indicator of the subsurface structure beneath Clavius.

关键词： Moon planetary systems:planets and satellites:fundamental parameters planetary systems methods:data analysis

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pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.rodriguez Chad b.paulk Hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

background Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and CH_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(ppelleted diets than in meal *** of diet form,the ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and the concentration of NE were increased(linear;pby reducing the particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;pboth pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy particle size pelleting

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A practical approach with drones,smartphones,and tracking tags for potential real-time animal tracking

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Current Zoology 2023年第2期69卷 208-214页

作者： Geison p Mesquita Margarita Mulero-pazmany Serge A Wich Jose Domingo rodriguez-Teijeiro Department of Animal biology Plant Biology and EcologyAutonomous University of Barcelona08193Cerdanyola del VallesBarcelonaSpain Instituto baguacu de pesquisa em biodiversidade(Ibpbio) 65050849Sao LuisMaranhaoBrazil Grupo de biogeografia Diversidad y ConservacionDepartamento de Biologia AnimalFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de MalagaBlvr.Louis Pasteur3129010MalagaSpain School of biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L35UGUK Department of Evolutionary biology Ecology and Environmental SciencesFaculty of BiologyUniversity of Barcelona08028BarcelonaSpain biodiversity Research Institute(IRbio) University of BarcelonaBarcelona08193Spain

Drones are increasingly used for fauna monitoring and wildlife tracking;however,their application for wildlife tracking is restricted by developing such *** we explore the potential of drones for wildlife tracking using an off-the-shelf system that is easy to use by non-specialists consisting of a multirotor drone,smartphones,and commercial tracking devices via bluetooth and Ultra-Wide band(UWb).We present the system configuration,explore the operational parameters that can affect detection capabilities,and test the effectiveness of the system for locating targets by simulating target animals in savanna and forest *** self-contained tracking system was built without hardware or software *** 40 tracking flights carried out in the brazilian Cerrado,we obtained a detection rate of 90%in savanna and 40%in forest *** for targets in movement(N=20),the detection rates were 90%in the savanna and 30%in the forest *** spatial accuracy obtained by the system was 14.61 m,being significantly more accurate in savanna(x=10.53)than in forest areas(x=13.06).This approach to wildlife tracking facilitates the use of drones by non-specialists at an affordable cost for conservation projects with limited *** reduced size of the tags,the long battery life,and the iower cost compared to GpS-tags open up a range of opportunities for animal tracking.

关键词： conservation drone small surveys wildlife tracking

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potential Autonomous Selfing in Gesneria citrina (Gesneriaceae),a Specialized Hummingbird pollinated Species with Variable Expression of Herkogamy

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Journal of Integrative plant biology 2009年第10期51卷 973-978页

作者： Xin-Sheng Chen Silvana Marten-rodriguez Qing-Jun Li Charles b. Fenster Xishuangbanna Tropical botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Mengla 666303 China Department of biology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Herbario de la Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biologia Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio San Pedro San Jose Costa Rica

Species with mixed mating systems often demonstrate variable expression of breeding system characteristics and thus represent the opportunity to understand the factors and mechanisms that promote both outcrossed and selfed seed production. Here, we investigate variation in levels of herkogamy （variation in stigma-anther separation distance） in a puerto Rican population of hummingbird pollinated Gesneria citrina Urban. There is significant variation in herkogamy levels among individuals of this species and stigma-anther separation is negatively associated with the ability to set fruits and seeds in the absence of pollinators. The variation in levels of herkogamy may represent a mechanism to ensure the production of some self-fertilized progeny in the absence of hummingbird pollinators. We also describe a novel breeding system in G. citrina, where stamens elongate over time to reach stigma height, but stamen elongation is accelerated by pollination. These results suggest that once the flowers are pollinated, stamen elongation may favor increased pollen removal and siring success, while the reduction in stigma-anther distance no longer imposes the risk of interference between male and female functions. We discuss our findings of breeding system variation in the context of pollination system evolution in an island setting （Antillean islands）.

关键词： mixed-mating pollen limitation pollination system puerto Rico reproductive assurance stigma-anther separation.

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Asphaltene Surface Erosion in Air plasma

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plasma Science and Technology 2010年第1期12卷 81-86页

作者： M. VILLA M. CALIXTO-rodriguez H. MARTINEZ J. C. pOVEDA p. G. REYES p. ALTUZAR Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico State of Mexico Mexico Institute of physical Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico Energy Research Center Autonomous National University of Mexico 62580 Temixco Morelos Mexico

Optical emission spectroscopy was applied for plasma characterization during erosion of substrates of asphaltene. The amount of 100 mg of asphaltene was carefully applied to an electrode and exposed to air plasma glow discharge at a pressure of 1.0 Tort. The plasma was generated in a stainless steel discharge chamber by an AC generator with a frequency of 60 Hz and an output power of about 60 W. The electron temperature was found to be 6.88 eV, and the ion density is about 3.5×10^16 cm^-3. As the asphaltene was exposed to the air plasma, the surface was etched. The emission from molecular bands CS2,O3, N2^＋, NO, O2, CS, S2, CN, C7H7, C2, H2, C2^-, NiO, N2 and SO, and atomic line O, were observed and some of them were used to monitor the evolution of asphaltene erosion. The asphaltene weight was reduced gradually with an etching rate of about 0.844 mg/min, during the first 20 min.

关键词： optical emission spectroscopy asphaltene erosion

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The abductor hallucis muscle flap-a viable surgical solution for treating first ray soft tissue defects

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 744-751页

作者： Sitong Chen Timothy p.Cheung Edgardo R.rodriguez-Collazo Department of Surgery Ascension Saint JosephChicagoIL 60657USA Department of podiatric Surgery Yale New Haven HospitalNew HavenCT 06511USA

Long-standing wounds are at high risk for ***,it is critical to achieve wound healing in a timely manner;however,some complex wounds remain recalcitrant and difficult to *** muscle flaps are an underutilized technique with great utility in the reconstruction of complex foot *** a healthy bleeding base that promotes wound healing,these muscle flaps can greatly benefit the patient and prevent *** this present report,we demonstrate the use of the abductor hallucis muscle flap in the reconstruction of a complex wound following bunion surgery.

关键词： Muscle flap abductor hallucis forefoot wound limb salvage flap reconstruction soft tissue coverage

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Land cover change and carbon stores in a tropical montane cloud forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental,Mexico

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2136-2147页

作者： Edgar G.LEIJA-LOREDO Numa p.pAVóN Arturo SáNCHEZ-GONZáLEZ Rodrigo rodriguez-LAGUNA GregorioáNGELES-péREZ Center for biological Research Autonomous University of Hidalgo.42184 HidalgoMexico Institute oJ:Ag ricultural Sciences Academic Area of Forestry EngineeringAutonomous University of Hidalgo.43600 HidalgoMexico postgraduate School Campus MontecilloPostgraduate in Forest Sciences.56230 Estado de MexicoMexico

Tropical montane cloud forest is one of the ecosystems with the highest biomass worldwide, representing an important carbon store. Globally its deforestation index is –1.1%, but in Mexico it is higher than –3%. Carbon estimates are scarce globally, particularly in Mexico. The objective of this study was to simulate future land-cover scenarios for the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico, by analyzing past forest cover changes. Another objective was to estimate stored carbon in the two study areas. These objectives involve the generation of information that could be useful inputs to anti-deforestation public policy such as the REDD+ strategy. Remote sensing was used to measure land cover change and estimate carbon stocks. Satellite images from 2015, 2000 and 1986 were used, and Dinamica EGO freeware generatedmodels of future projections. between 1986 and 2015, 5171 ha of forest were converted to pasture. The annual deforestation rates were –1.5% for Tlanchinol and –1.3% for the San bartolo Tutotepec sites. Distance to roads and marginalization were highly correlated with deforestation. by 2030, an estimated 3608 ha of forest in these sites will have been converted to pasture. Stored carbon was estimated at 16.35 Mg C ha-1 for the Tlanchinol site and 12.7 Mg C ha-1 for the San bartolo site. In the Sierra Madre Oriental deforestation due to land cover change(–1.4%) is higher than levels reported worldwide. besides having high values of stored carbon(14.5 Mg C ha-1), these forests have high biodiversity. The models' outputs show that the deforestation process will continue if action is not taken to avoid the expansion of livestock pasturing. This can be done by paying incentives for forest conservation to the owners of the land. The results suggest that REDD+ is currently the most viable strategy for reducing deforestation rates in tropical montane cloud forests in Sierra Madre Oriental.

关键词： Cloud forest Carbon stores C mitigation Climate change Dinamica EGO Forest management Remote sensing.

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prefoldins 3 and 5 play an Essential Role in Arabidopsis Tolerance to Salt Stress

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Molecular plant 2009年第3期2卷 526-534页

作者： Miguel A. rodriguez-Milla Julio Salinas Departamento de biologfa de plantas Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

During the last years, our understanding of the mechanisms that control plant response to salt stress has been steadily progressing. pharmacological studies have allowed the suggestion that the cytoskeleton may be involved in regulating such a response. Nevertheless, genetic evidence establishing that the cytoskeleton has a role in plant tolerance to salt stress has not been reported yet. Here, we have characterized Arabidopsis T-DNA mutants for genes encoding proteins orthologous to prefoldin （pFD） subunits 3 and 5 from yeast and mammals. In these organisms, pFD subunits, also known as Genes Involved in Microtubule biogenesis （GIM）, form a heterohexameric pFD complex implicated in tubulin and actin folding. We show that, indeed, pFD3 and pFD5 can substitute for the loss of their yeast orthologs, as they are able to complement yeast gim2Δ and gim5Δ mutants, respectively. Our results indicate that pfd3 and pfd5 mutants have reduced levels of α- and β-tubulin compared to the wild-type plants when growing under both control and salt-stress conditions. In addition, pfd3 and pfd5 mutants display alterations in their developmental patterns and microtubule organization, and, more importantly, are hypersensitive to high concentrations of NaCl but not of LiCl or mannitol. These results demonstrate that the cytoskeleton plays an essential role in plant tolerance to salt stress.

关键词： prefoldins cytoskeleton tubulin actin microtubule salt tolerance Arabidopsis

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