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Liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-diagnostic challenge with prognostic significance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第39期21卷 11077-11087页

作者： per stal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Digestive DiseasesHuddinge K63Karolinska University Hospital

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the mostcommon liver disease in the Western world, with a prevalence of 20%. In a subgroup of patients, inflammation, ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes and a varying degree of fibrosis may develop, a condition named non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Advanced liver fibrosis(stage F3) and cirrhosis(stage F4) are histologic features that most accurately predict increased mortality in both liver-related and cardiovascular diseases. patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis are at risk for complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal varices and should therefore be included in surveillance programs. However, liver disease and fibrosis are often unrecognized in patients with NAFLD, possibly leading to a delayed diagnosis of complications. The early diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD is therefore crucial, and it can be accomplished using serum biomarkers(e.g., the NAFLD Fibrosis Score, Fib-4 Index or BARD) or non-invasive imaging techniques(transient elastography or acoustic radiation force impulse imaging). The screening of risk groups, such as patients with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus, for NAFLD development with these non-invasive methods may detect advanced fibrosis at an early stage. Additionally, patients with a low risk for advanced fibrosis can be identified, and the need for liver biopsies can be minimized. This review focuses on the diagnostic challenge and prognostic impact of advanced liver fibrosis in NAFLD.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Fibrosis Mortality Biomarkers Elastography

Assessment of handheld mobile terrestrial laser scanning for estimating tree parameters

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1503-1513页

作者： Cornelis stal Jeff rey Verbeurgt Lars De Sloover Alain De Wulf Center for Applied Data Science University College GhentValentin Vaerwyckweg 19000 GhentBelgium Department of Geography 3D Data Acquisition Research UnitGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 2819000 GhentBelgium Department of Geography CartoGIS Research UnitGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 2819000 GhentBelgium

Sustainable forest management heavily relies on the accurate estimation of tree *** others,the diameter at breast height(DBH) is important for extracting the volume and mass of an individual *** systematically estimating the volume of entire plots,airborne laser scanning(ALS) data are *** estimation model is frequently calibrated using manual DBH measurements or static terrestrial laser scans(STLS) of sample *** reliable,this method is time-consuming,which greatly hampers its ***,a handheld mobile terrestrial laser scanning(HMTLS) was demonstrated to be a useful alternative technique to precisely and efficiently calculate *** data acquisition techniques were applied at a sample plot,then the resulting parameters were comparatively *** calculated DBH values were comparable to the manual measurements for HMTLS,STLS,and ALS data *** the comparability of the extracted parameters,with a reduced point density of HTMLS compared to STLS data,and the reasonable increase of performance,with a reduction of acquisition time with a factor of5 compared to conventional STLS techniques and a factor of3 compared to manual measurements,HMTLS is considered a useful alternative technique.

关键词： Forest inventory DBH Airborne laser scanning Terrestrial laser scanning Handheld mobile laser scanning point cloud processing

Using image-based modelling(SfM–MVS)to produce a 1935 ortho-mosaic of the Ethiopian highlands

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第5期8卷 421-430页

作者： Amaury Frankl Valérie Seghers Cornelis stal philippe De Maeyer Gordon petrie Jan Nyssen Department of Geography Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium School of Geographical&Earth Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Approximately 34,000 aerial photographs covering large parts of Ethiopia and dating back to 1935–1941 have been recently *** allow investigating environmental dynamics for a past period that until now is only accessible from terrestrial photographs or *** the archive consists of both oblique and vertical aerial photographs that cover rather small areas,methods of image-based modelling were used to orthorectify the *** this study,9 vertical and 18 low oblique aerial photographs were processed as an ortho-mosaic,covering an area of 25 km2,west of Wukro town in northern *** 15 control points(derived from Google Earth),a Root Means Square Error of 28.5 m in X 35.4 m in Y were *** values can be viewed as optimal,given the relatively low resolution and poor quality of the imagery,the lack of metadata,the geometric quality of the Google Earth imagery and the recording *** use remained largely similar since 1936,with large parts of the land being used as cropland or extensive grazing *** remarkable changes are the strong expansion of the settlements as well as land management *** a larger effort,ortho-mosaics covering large parts of Ethiopia in 1935–1941 will be produced.

关键词： land use oblique aerial photograph ortho-mosaic photoScan Structure from Motion-MultiView Stereo

A new feature of importance for the TNF-alpha system in inflammation—Bilateral myositis that develops early in response to unilateral overuse shows a marked involvement of TNF-alpha not only in the exercised side but also contralaterally

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2013年第4期2卷 90-99页

作者： Lina Renstrom per stal Sture Forsgren Department of Integrative Medical Biology Anatomy SectionUmea UniversityUmeaSweden

Using a rabbit model leading to myositis in response to exercise-induced muscle overuse, we have previously observed that TNF-alpha is involved in the exercised muscle in early developing myositis as well as both ipsiand contralaterally in the myositis which develops in response to a lengthened period of overuse. It is unknown if TNF-alpha can also be engaged contralaterally in early stages of myositis. The hypothesis was that this is the case. It was therefore evaluated whether the TNF-alpha system is early involved contralaterally. An experimental model of 1 week of overuse of the soleus muscle on one side leading to myositis was used, and in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were applied to study the expression patterns of TNF-alpha in the soleus muscle in the contralateral side. TNF-alpha was expressed in the myositis process which occurred contralaterally. There were thus TNF-alpha mRNA reactions in the cells of the inflammatory infiltrates, in blood vessel walls and in certain of the muscle fibers. parts of the latter were necrotic fibers, whereas others were interpreted to be in a regenerative stage. TNF-alpha immunoreactions were seen for infiltrating white blood cells. The observations show that the TNF-alpha system is early involved in the cross-over effects that occur in response to unilateral muscle overuse leading to myositis bilaterally. TNF-alpha is likely to have pro-inflammatory and destructive effects but also to have effects in the muscle regenerative processes. The occurrence of an early involvement of the TNF-alpha system contralaterally to the injury side shows a new aspect of importance of this system in inflammation.

关键词： TNF-Alpha Muscle Overuse Myositis Soleus Muscle Contralateral

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花生属花生组一个具有D基因组的新种

国外农学（油料作物） 1992年第2期 15-19页

作者： stal.,HT 高山

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一种计算纯砂岩储层含水饱和度的新模型

测井与射孔 1998年第1期1卷 33-38页

作者： stal.,SO 解秋萍胜利测井研究所

根据阿尔奇公式计算含水饱和度，必须确定胶结指数和饱和度指数，这些参数通常根据岩心栓的电法测量值获得（如：根据地层因素和电阻率指数），然而，测量数据相当大的离散导致诸多不确定性。

关键词：水饱和度模型纯砂岩储层电测井

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DⅢ—D改善约束放电中的电子热输运

国外核聚变 2000年第5期 50-57,49页

作者： stal.,BW 焦一鸣

在具有内部输运垒（ＩＴＢ）的ＤⅢ－Ｄ托卡马克等离子体中，回旋动力学线性稳定性（ＧＫＳ）预言与低的和强的负磁剪切等离子体实验的比较，提供了对等离子体中电子热输运的进一步理解。正好在ＩＴＢ内部的一个限定区域，电子温度梯度... 详细信息

在具有内部输运垒（ＩＴＢ）的ＤⅢ－Ｄ托卡马克等离子体中，回旋动力学线性稳定性（ＧＫＳ）预言与低的和强的负磁剪切等离子体实验的比较，提供了对等离子体中电子热输运的进一步理解。正好在ＩＴＢ内部的一个限定区域，电子温度梯度（ＥＴＧ）模似乎控制着电子的温度梯度，从而也控制着电子的热输运。具有更强的负磁剪切时电子温度梯度的增加与ＥＴＧ模临界梯度的增加一致。靠近磁轴Ｔｅ的分布是平坦的。

关键词：电子热输运约束 DⅢ-D托卡马克等离子体