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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1994年第2期6卷 189-199页

作者： Wang Jian(beijing meteorological College, beijing 100081, china)Zhao Zongci(chinese Academy of meteorological Scienes, beijing 100081, china)Sun Churong(National meteorological center, beijing 100081, china)

With an AGCM/ mixed-layer ocean model, a numerical experiment to investigate the ef-fects of Kuwait oil fire and volcanoes in philippines and Japan on atmospheric general cireulationand climate is camed out. It is shown from the simulation that the effect of smoke on climate issignificant near the smoke sources, and quite weak-and-indirect in the distant areas. In the experi-ment, it is not found that the smoke had a significant effect on SST anomialy along the tropicaloceans and flood in Yangtze-Huaihe river's basin of china in the spring and summer of 1991.

关键词： prediction, smoke sensitive experiment (SE) control experiment (CE).

The possible pivotal role of the eastward dust transport from Central Asia in the global temperature decrease

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chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A1期51卷 1-7页

作者： LIU Mingzhe & WEI Wenshou Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, china Graduate University of the chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china Chemical Laboratory for Atmosphere, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china Urumqi Desert Meteorology, china meteorological administration, Urumqi 830002, china Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China Graduate University of the chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Chemical Laboratory for Atmosphere China Meteorological Administration Beijing China Urumqi Desert Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Urumqi China

glacial-interglacialgyrations 的出现能与 Milankovitch 理论被解释，这通常被考虑。然而，在理论的一些问题的答案还当前没被导出。在从 CentralAsia 研究东方灰尘运输以后，我们发现了在东方灰尘运输和全球温度减少之间有积极反馈... 详细信息

glacial-interglacialgyrations 的出现能与 Milankovitch 理论被解释，这通常被考虑。然而，在理论的一些问题的答案还当前没被导出。在从 CentralAsia 研究东方灰尘运输以后，我们发现了在东方灰尘运输和全球温度减少之间有积极反馈机制。这在北半球的 thehigh 纬度区域放大太阳的放射变化的效果，并且导致全球冰川的时代的出现。积极反馈机制在北半球的 thehigh 纬度区域以太阳的放射的减小开始。随后，全球温度减少，全球冰川的历元发生，在哪个枢轴的因素是从 CentralAsia 的东方灰尘运输。与积极反馈机制的理论，在 Milankovitch 理论的一些问题能被解决很好。

关键词：冰川间冰期高纬度地区北半球太阳辐射正反馈机制

A preliminary analysis of physical mechanism of transformation process from a landed typhoon into an extratropical cyclone

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第4期11卷 525-535页

作者： Zhang Qiuqing and Ding Yihui 1. National research center for Marine. Environment Forecasts, beijing 100081, china2. Academy of meteorological Science, State meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china National research center for Marine Environment Forecasts Beijing 100081 China China

A diagnostic study is performed in the paper on the process of typhoon Norris (1980) transforming into an ex-tratropical cyclone after its landing over Southeast china. The main findings are as follows:The changes of kinetic energy are mainly attributed to the generation due to non-divergent wind. During the early stage of the typhoon landing, there exits only a small quantity of kinetic energy exchanging with the environment. And after it is transformed into an extratropical cyclone, a large amount of kinetic energy is exported from the system toward the *** horizontal and vertical flux-divergence terms of eddy available potenlial energy are the prominent sinks in the budgets of eddy kinetic energy. The generations of eddy kinetic energy due to both the barotropic and baroclinic processes are source terms. The former is remarkable during the initial stage. But after the depression is transformed into an extratropical cyclone, the roles of the generation by the barotropic and baroclinic processes are reversed, 1. e. , the latter has become more significant than the *** heating is the most dominant heat source. The terms of vertical heat flux by cumulus and large-scale motion are the major sinks. And the latter is prominent after the system is transformed into an extratropical cycfone.

关键词： A preliminary analysis of physical mechanism of transformation process from a landed typhoon into an extratropical cyclone

Some characteristics of the atmosphere during an adiabatic process

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第6期16卷 644-648页

作者： GAO Li, LI Jianping and rEN Hongli (LASG, Institute of Atmospheric physics, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china Graduate School of chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china National Climate center, Laboratory of Climate Studies, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china) LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Climate center Laboratory of Climatic Studies China Meterological Administration Beijing 100081 China

Some important characteristics of the atmosphere during an adiabatic process are investigated, which include the invariability of atmospheric entropy range and local surface potential temperature, the conservation of the atmospheric mass intervened between any isentropic surface and the ground, and the isentropic surface intersecting with the ground. The analysis shows that the atmospheric reference state (ArS) for investigation on available potential energy (ApE) should be defined objectively as the state which could be approached from the existing atmosphere by adiabatic adjustment, and be related to initial atmospheric state before adjustment. For the initial atmosphere state at any time, its corresponding ArS is different from the one at another time. Based on the above-mentioned conclusions, the reference state proposed by Lorenz cannot be obtained physically, so a new conception, the conditional minimum total potential energy, is put forward in order to objectively investigate atmospheric ApE.

关键词： available potential energy adiabatic isentropic surface atmospheric reference state conditional minimum total potential energy.

response of remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index to the 2006 Drought of eastern Sichuan Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第5期51卷 748-758页

作者： ZHANG WenJiang1, LU QiFeng2, GAO ZhiQiang3 & pENG Jian4 1 School of Water resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, china 2 National Satellite meteorological center, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources research, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 School of Environmental Sciences, peking University, beijing 100871, china School of Water resource and Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu China National Statellite meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China

One of the most serious droughts in last century occurred in eastern Sichuan Basin in the summer of 2006 (hereinafter called the Drought). The response of Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, boarding on NASA satellites of Terra and Aqua) to the Drought was analyzed in order to reach one practicable monitoring solution for regional soil moisture. Temporal process and spatial extension of the Drought were firstly estimated with ground meteorological and hydrological observations. Then, for the whole region of Sichuan and Chongqing, the remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water In- dex (NDWI) for the summers of 2001―2006 were calculated based on 8-day composite MODIS products, which were further used to construct a new water index (Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index, NDWDI) to examine the sensitivity of remote sensing in the Drought. The study showed that the NDWDI is more sensitive to regional drought than other absolute-soil-moisture-based indices. With the new index, the study extracted the spatial-temporal characteristics of the 2006 Drought, and explored its developing and withdrawing processes, which agreed with related statistics. Compared with ground method of drought observation, the NDWDI-based remote sensing solution of this paper is more pref- erable and practicable in that the local soil properties of water consumption and supply are implicitly taken into account, and the spatial representativity limit of ground observation is circumvented to a degree as satellite remotely senses the earth surface in a way of two-dimensional pixel matrix. So, the NDWDI-based method can be used to monitor regional soil water stress situation more practically and efficiently.

关键词： Sichuan Basin drought Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index response of remote sensing regional scale

Ocean color products retrieval and validation around china coast with MODIS

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 21-27页

作者： SUN Lingt GUO Maohua WANG Xiaomei Key Laboratory of radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites China Meteorological Administration （LRCVES/CMA） National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Satellite Ocean Application Service State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

Waters along china coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time,especially at the Hangzhou Bay,the Changjiang （Yangtze） river Estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu *** these turbid and optically complex waters,the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid *** the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared （NIr） are significant resulting from the strong scattering of suspended particles,the standard MODIS atmospheric correction algorithm often gets no results or produces significant *** because of the complex water optical properties,the OC3 model used in the standard MODIS data processing tends to get extremely high chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） *** this paper,we present an atmospheric correction approach using MODIS short wave infrared （SWIr） bands based on the fact that water-leaving radiances are negligible in the SWIr region because of the extreme strong absorption of water even in turbid waters.A regional Chl-a concentration estimation model is also constructed for MODIS from in situ *** algorithms are applied to MODIS Aqua data processing in the china coastal *** situ data collected in the Yellow Sea and the East china Sea in spring and autumn,2003 are used to validate the *** good results have been *** is noted that water-leaving reflectance in the NIr bands are significant in waters along the china coast with high sediment *** satellite derived and in-situ reflectance spectra can match in the turbid waters along china coast,and there is relatively good linear relationship between satellite derived and in-situ *** rMSE value of rrs（λ） is 0.0031 sr ？1 for all the nine ocean color bands （412 to 869 nm）.The satellite-derived Chl-a value is in the reasonable range and the root mean square percentage difference is 46.1%.

关键词： ocean color atmospheric correction chlorophyll-a MODIS china coastal region validation

The numerical simulation of pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第3期12卷 395-404页

作者： Xing runan and Chao Jiping beijing meteorological College, beijing 100081 china National research center for Marine Environmental Forecasts, beijing 100081, china

A five-level oceanic primitive equation model has been developed. This model is integrated numerically with annual mean wind stress and heat flux at sea surface for 30 a. The ocean circulations tend to quasi-stability. The simulated results show that the computed annual mean currents and sea surface temperature agree well with the observations.

关键词： heat The numerical simulation of pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

Cloud microphysical and rainfall responses to zonal perturbations of sea surface temperature:A cloud-resolving modeling study

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第5期19卷 587-594页

作者： Xiaopeng Cuia, Xiaofan Lib, Zhiping Zongc a Laboratory of Cloud-precipitation physics and Severe Storms (LACS), Institute of Atmospheric physics, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china b Joint center for Satellite Data Assimilation and NOAA/NESDIS/Office of research and Applications, Camp Springs, MD, USA c National meteorological center, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china Laboratory of Cloud-precipitation physics and Severe Storms (LACS) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Joint center for Satellite Data Assimilation and NOAA/NESDIS/Office of research and Applications Camp Springs MD USA National meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The cloud microphysical and rainfall responses to zonal perturbations of sea surface temperature (SST) are investigated by analyzing the equilibrium simulation data (from day 31-40) obtained from a series of two-dimensional cloud-resolving simulations with a zonal model domain of 768 km. Four experiments imposed by zonal SST perturbations of wavenumbers 1 (SST29Z1), 2 (SST29Z2), 4 (SST29Z4), and 8 (SST29Z8) are compared to the control experiment imposed by zonally uniform SST (SST29). The model domain mean SST is 29 °C, and the two-dimensional cloud-resolving model with a cyclic lateral boundary is also imposed by zero vertical velocity and constant zonal wind. The time and model domain mean surface rain rates in SST29Z1, SST29Z2, and SST29Z8 are about 10% larger than those in SST29, whereas the mean surface rain rates in SST29Z4 and SST29 are similar. The analysis of mean surface rainfall budgets shows that local water vapor and hydrometeor changes play important roles in determining the differences and similarities in mean surface rain rate between the perturbation experiments and the control experiment. Both convective and stratiform rain rates are larger in SST29Z1 and SST29Z2 than in SST29 due to the smaller advection of rain from convective regions into raining stratiform regions and the larger vapor condensation rates associated with the larger water vapor convergence over raining stratiform regions in SST29Z1 and SST29Z2. The convective rain rates are larger in SST29Z4 and SST29Z8 than in SST29 because of the larger condensation rates associated with the larger water vapor convergence over convective regions in SST29Z4 and SST29Z8. The stratiform rain rates in SST29Z4 and SST29Z8 are smaller than in SST29 due to the smaller vapor condensation rates and smaller collection rates of cloud water by rain over raining stratiform regions in SST29Z4 and SST29Z8.

关键词： Cloud microphysical and rainfall responses Sea surface temperature Zonal perturbation Cloud-resolving modeling study

The numerical criteria and characteristics of El Nino and La Nina

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1990年第1期9卷 51-59页

作者： Wang Shiping NMC, State meteorological administration, beijing, china

-By using the sea surface temperature (SST) index of the Equatorial pacific Ocean provided by Climate Analysis center of U. S. A. , the numerical criteria of El Nino and La Nina events and their quantitative characteristics were calculated. results show that the El Nino event was characterized with strong intensity, shorter life cycle and significant mature phase; however, the La Nina event has longer live cycle, weak intensity, insignificant mature phase. Through teleconnection analysis, it is found that the intensity index of SST over the Equatorial pacific Ocean leads the intensity index of subtropical high by six months or so. During the El Nino years, the tropical cyclone over the northwestern pacific is fewer than normal but stronger, and its genesis area shifts southeastward apparently; while in the La Nina years the number of tropical cyclones are larger.

关键词： Nino EI The numerical criteria and characteristics of El Nino and La Nina SSTA La El

GEOSTIONArY meteorological SATELLITE FY-2 OF china

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空间科学学报 1998年第S1期18卷 71-74页

作者： FANG Zong-yi DONG Chao-hua (Natzonal Satellite meteorological center, china meteorological Administrution, beijing 100081)

The first FY-2 geostationary metebrological satellite was lauched June 10, 1997flom Xichang satellite launching center by Long March-3 launching *** paper is to provide users with a brief description of the satellite ... 详细信息

关键词： Geostationary meteorological satellite radiometer Signal charactcristics