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Local perceptions of grassland change and priorities for conservation of natural resources of Banni, Gujarat, India

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第4期4卷 549-556页

作者： p.n.joshi V.KUMAR M.KOLADIYA Y.S.pATEL T.KARTHIK Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology Gujarat 370001 India

This study was conducted in the Banni region of the Gujarat State,India,which is located in the western-most end of the *** main objective was to investigate the local perceptions of grassland change,regeneration potentiality,socio-economic status and fac-tors that cause degradation of the vegetation resources in *** Rural Appraisal(pRA)was employed to generate the socio-economic profile of interviewed villages or *** on vegetation deteriora-tion and changes in species composition significant for sustainable management of grassland was obtained through interviews with 51 elderly maldharies(pastoral-ists)and local inhabitants living in 31 villages in *** people had observed a change in the local surrounding habitats from grassland to woodland(domi-nated by prosopis juliflora,locally called Gando Bavar)during their lifetime and considered it primarily a result of frequent intensive drought,constructed dams on flooding rivers in Banni,and declining *** socio-economic survey showed that the Banni communities are highly dependent on the natural grassland for various *** particular,nine woody species were useful for construction of the traditional house called Bhunga,four for medicine and 22 for livestock *** preferred and declining species were characteristically large wild thorny trees with edible fruits,*** nilotica ***(Bavar),prosopis cineraria(Kandho),and Salvadora persica(Kharijar).Some of the locally highly preferred grass species were also considered to be declining in the local environs;they included Dichanthium annulatum(Jinjvo),Cenchrus ciliaris(Dhaman),Sporobolus fertilis(Khevai)and Chloris barbata(Siyarpuchha).The study furthermore identified a close coincidence between the interest in conserving tree species diversity nearby the natural water resources and priorities of local inhabitants,which included protection of plenty of large trees(including many fruit tress,viz.

关键词： India Kachchh pastoralist grassland arid areas conservation natural resource overgrazing

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尼泊尔桑可西河流域新格地子流域滑坡评价

Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第2期15卷 431-438页

作者： BASnET Bhuwan joshi Rajeev SHARMA Ram prasad SUBEDI Rajan 特里布万大学林业研究所(博卡拉校区) 尼泊尔博卡拉33700 尼泊尔农林大学自然资源管理学院林学系尼泊尔卡塔里56310

山体滑坡是尼泊尔山区的主要灾害,主要是由于其脆弱的地貌、强烈的降雨、不当的土地管理和在修建山区道路过程中没有采取必要的稳定措施所导致的。由于频繁的山体滑坡,下游地区人类的生命财产遭受了巨大损失,并导致生态系统生产力和功... 详细信息

山体滑坡是尼泊尔山区的主要灾害,主要是由于其脆弱的地貌、强烈的降雨、不当的土地管理和在修建山区道路过程中没有采取必要的稳定措施所导致的。由于频繁的山体滑坡,下游地区人类的生命财产遭受了巨大损失,并导致生态系统生产力和功能下降,河道泥沙淤积。土地利用与土地覆被、地形、道路、排水、地质环境和降雨等多种空间因素与滑坡的发生紧密相关,并决定了该地区滑坡的易感性。了解滑坡现象及其引发的相关因素,对于采取适当的预防、控制和恢复措施至关重要。本研究在尼泊尔桑科西河流域的新格地子流域进行,旨在了解滑坡危害、引发的相关因素以及为最大限度地减少可能的危害而采取的最佳预防策略。滑坡评估是通过使用时序谷歌影像和实地调查,对滑坡体进行识别和数字化来进行的。利用GIS软件对滑坡危险性进行评估,编制影响因子图,并对现场观测数据进行分析的基础上,计算了滑坡的规模。此外,在相关家庭的问卷调查(n=60)中,进行目的性抽样,探讨人们对山体滑坡、对生计资产的主要影响因素的看法。并采用Friedman非参数检验评估滑坡对当地人感知的最主要影响因素。根据现场调查,在研究区域的不同位置共调查了46处滑坡体,滑坡总面积为4.77km^(2)。通过使用Friedman检验的比较矩阵分析,本研究确定了滑坡发生的主要原因是农村道路、施工、边坡因素、降雨和土地利用与土地覆被。距离道路200-500 m造成最高比率的滑坡灾害,东南方向坡度30°-45°的山体对滑坡的易感性最高。与其他土地利用相比,因为在林内松软地区修建道路,茂密的森林更易受到山体滑坡的影响。比较道路建设前后滑坡的影响,约80%的受访者认为对滑坡有重要影响。

关键词：滑坡灾害滑坡评估滑坡因素分析

Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific nutritional Supplement (DSnS) on Glycemic Response in prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Study

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi parth joshi Manoj pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific nutritional Supplements (DSnSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSnSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSnS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC). Test and control received 60 g of DSnS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. postprandial Blood Glucose (ppG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSnS with lifestyle counselling (DSnS + LC) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSnS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSnS showed significantly lower ppG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSnS + LC versus LC alone. no other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSnS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific nutritional Supplement prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under Curve Lifestyle Counselling

Overview of perspectives on cancer,newer therapies,and future directions

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 105-109页

作者： Rajeev M.joshi Bhushan Telang Gagan Soni Asma Khalife Department of General Surgery T.N.Medical College&B.Y.L.Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia Department of Surgical Oncology Government Cancer Hospital AurangabadMaharashtraIndia Department of Surgical Disciplines All India Institute of Medical ScienceNew DelhiIndia

Theword“cancer”is associated with terrifying situations,and there is often an aggressive intent to *** about survival and fear of disfigurement cause major turmoil in the minds of patients and *** with multimodal care is the key to achieving satisfactory *** imaging modalities have aided in early detection and derivation of optimal treatment *** radical excision of tumors with neoadjuvant or concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy has long been the best management option,we have moved froma radical to a conservative *** advanced disease,the plan should be to provide supportive care and improve quality of *** and counseling play important *** support for correcting cancer cachexia is equally important during tumor *** therapies such as targeted therapy,stem cell therapy,and chemodynamic therapy are all focused on ensuring safe and efficient outcomes;however,the war against cancer continues to oscillate between hope and despair.

关键词： Cancer Modern medicine preventive oncology psychology nutrition

Comparative effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer stratified by microsatellite instability status

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 540-547页

作者： Chen-Gu niu Jing Zhang Aniket-Vijay Rao Utsav joshi patrick Okolo Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of psychiatry Rainier SpringsVancouverWA 98663United States Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFL 33606United States Department of Gastroenterology Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States

BACKGROUnD Immunotherapy have demonstrated promising outcomes in patients with high microsatellite instability(MSI)(MSI-H)metastatic colorectal ***,the comparative effectiveness of Immunotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with low MSI(MSI-L),and microsatellite stable(MSS)metastatic colorectal cancer remains *** To investigate immunotherapy vs chemotherapy for treatment of MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer,and to evaluate the success of immunotherapy against chemotherapy in managing MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer during a follow-up of 50 *** We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the national Cancer Database(nCDB)to evaluate the overall survival(OS)of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy or *** study population was stratified by MSI status(MSI-H,MSI-L,and MSS).Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between treatment modality and OS,adjusting for potential *** A total of 21951 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were included in the analysis,of which 2358 were MSI-H,and 19593 were MSI-L/*** the MSI-H cohort,immunotherapy treatment(n=142)was associated with a significantly improved median OS compared to chemotherapy(n=860).After adjusting for potential confounders,immunotherapy treatment remained significantly associated with better OS in the MSI-H cohort[adjusted hazard ratio(aHR):0.57,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.43-0.77,pn the MSS cohort,no significant difference in median OS was observed between immunotherapy treatment and chemotherapy(aHR:0.94,95%CI:0.69-1.29,p=0.715).COnCLUSIOn In this population-based study using the nCDB,immunotherapy treatment was associated with significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy in patients with MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer,but not in those with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal *** studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeu

关键词： Immunotherapy Chemotherapy Metastatic colorectal cancer Microsatellite instability national cancer database

Global wild rice germplasm resources conservation alliance:World Wild-Rice Wiring

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Molecular plant 2024年第4期17卷 516-518页

作者： Xiaoming Zheng Disna Ratnasekera Jiayu Fan Robert J.Henry Beng-Kah Song Kenneth M.Olsen Bal Krishna joshi Maria Celeste n.Banaticla-Hilario Tonapha pusadee Adane Getachew Melaku Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko Koukham Vilayheuang Gavers K.Oppong Samuel Aduse poku peterson W.Wambugu Song Ge Aldo Merotto Junior Ohn Mar Aung Ramaiah Venuprasad Ajay Kohli Wenbin Zhou Qian Qian national Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya national Research Institute of Breeding in Hainan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manila 4031Philippines Department of Agricultural Biology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka Yazhouwan national Laboratory No.8 Huanjin RoadYazhou DistrictSanya CityHainan Province 572024China Hainan University Haikou 570228China ARC Centre of Excellence for plant Success in nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Science Monash University Malaysia47500 Bandar SunwaySelangor 47500Malaysia Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130-4899USA national Agriculture Genetic Resources Center(Genebank) KhumaltarPO Box 3055KathmanduNepal plant Biology Division Insttute of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Pilippines Los BanosLos BanosLaguna 4031Philippines Division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil SciencesFaculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Bio and Emerging Technology Institute Addis Ababa 1165Ethiopia national University of Sciences TechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Dassa-ZouméBP 14Benin national Genebank Rice and Cash Crops Research CenterNAFRIVientiane 0605Lao PDR plant Sciences and the Bioeconomy Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK UK Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences and University of nottingham Nottingham LE125RDUK Department of plant and Environmental Biology University of GhanaAccraGhana Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Genetic Resources Research InstituteNairobi 00200Kenya Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul UFRGSPorto Alegre 91501-970RSBrazil Department of Agricultur

Wild relatives of crop are key genetic resources serving as diversity reservoirs for crop improvement under changing ***(Oryza sativa)is one of the most important crops in the world,providing staple food for half of the world's *** rice is thus a critical germplasm resource for sustained global food security,ensuring high production yields,improved quality,and stress resistance in the face of climate *** rice is closely related to domesticated rice and has a rich genetic diversity and exceptional adaptability to extreme *** has played a pivotal role in the history of rice hybridization and has become a key resource for rice breeding *** identification of wild-type cytoplasmic male sterility resources paved the way for the achievement of the“three lines”goal in hybrid rice,leading to a significant increase in rice *** addition,the use of resistance alleles found in wild rice is making rice production more resilient to losses caused by environmental ***,wild rice germplasm resources are threatened due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic *** the same time,the lack of centralized distribution of wild rice has hampered the sharing of basic information on wild rice resources and the utilization and conservation of wild rice in each country,as well as collaboration among scientists.

关键词： germplasm breeding crops

Size effects on electrical properties of sol–gel grown chromium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第3期34卷 488-495页

作者： Zalak joshi Davit Dhruv K.n.Rathod J.H.Markna A.Satyaprasad A.D.joshi p.S.Solanki n.A.Shah Department of physics Saurashtra University Department of nanotechnology V.V.P.Engineering College FCIpT Institute for Plasma Research Department of nanoscience and Advanced Materials Saurashtra University

In this communication, we report the results of the studies on electrical properties of Zn0.95Cr0.05O nanoparticles synthesized using sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） measurements were performed for the structural and microstructural behaviors of the nanoparticles. Rietveld analysis was carried out to confirm the single phasic nature. High resolution TEM （HRTEM） confirms the nanoscale nature and polycrystalline orientations in the samples. Dielectric response has been understood in the context of universal dielectric response （UDR） model along with the Koop＇s theory and Maxwell - Wagner （M-W） mechanism. Variation in ac conductivity with frequency has been discussed in detail in terms of power law fits. Results of the impedance measurements have been explained on the basis of crystal cores and crystal boundary density. Cole - cole behavior has been studied for the impedance data. For potential application of nanoparticles, average normalized change （AnC） in impedance has been estimated and discussed in the light of size effects and oxygen vacancies.

关键词： Size effects Electrical properties Sol-gelZinc oxide nanoparticles

High-temperature thermodynamics of silver:Semi-empirical approach

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Chinese physics B 2017年第11期26卷 400-407页

作者： R H joshi B Y Thakore p R Vyas A R Jani n K Bhatt Department of physics Sardar Patel University Department of physics School of Sciences Gujarat University Sardar patel Center for Science and Technology Department of physics M.K.Bhavnagar University

We report high-temperature thermodynamics for fcc silver by combining ab initio phonon dynamics to empirical quadratic temperature-dependent term for anharmonic part of Helmholtz free energy. The electronic free energy is added through an interpolation scheme, which connects ambient condition free electron gas model to Thomas-Fermi *** present study shows good agreement with experimental and reported findings for several thermal properties, and the discrepancy observed in some caloric properties is addressed. The decreases in the product of volume thermal expansion coefficient and isothermal bulk modulus and in the constant volume anharmonic lattice specific heat at high temperature are the clear evidences of proper account of anharmonicity. The present study also reveals that T-2-dependent anharmonic free energy is sufficient for correct evaluation of thermal pressure and conventional Grüneisen parameter. We observe that the intrinsic phonon anharmonicity starts dominating above characteristic temperature, which is attributed to higher order anharmonicity and can be related to higher order potential derivatives. We conclude that the uncorrelated and largeamplitude lattice vibrations at high temperature raise dominating intrinsic thermal stress mechanism, which surpasses the phonon-anharmonism and requires future consideration.

关键词： thermodynamics anharmonicity Grüneisen parameter silver

nanoscale strained-Si MOSFET physics and modeling approaches:a review

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Journal of Semiconductors 2010年第10期31卷 19-23页

作者： Amit Chaudhry J.n.Roy Garima joshi University Institute of Engineering and Technology Panjab University Solar Semiconductor private Limited

An attempt has been made to give a detailed review of strained silicon technology. Various device models have been studied that consider the effect of strain on the devices, and comparisons have been drawn. A review of some modeling issues in strained silicon technology has also been outlined. The review indicates that this technology is very much required in nanoscale MOSFETs due to its several potential benefits, and there is a strong need for an analytical model which describes the complete physics of the strain technology.

关键词： mobility SiGe strained-Si technology CAD