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plant recruitment and survival as indicators of ecological restoration success in abandoned pasture land in Nurcoung,Victoria,Australia

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Ecological processes 2013年第1期2卷 380-392页

作者： Singarayer K Florentine Jessica Gardner Friedrich p Graz Sean moloney School of Science Information Technology and Engineering Federation University AustraliaP.O.Box 663Mt.Helen 3353VICAustralia Greening Australia NC2 Building62 Main StreetNatimuk 3409Australia Department of Land Management Polytechnic of Namibia13Storch Str.P/Bag 13388WindhoekNamibia Department of Botany James Cook University1James Cook DrTownsville CityQLD 4811Australia

Introduction:One of the major impediments to developing better restoration strategies is the inadequate documentation of past restoration *** 2008,Greening Australia commenced ecological restoration on the Nurcoung property in Victoria to enhance local biodiversity,and in this paper we report on the habitat restoration outcomes in the three Ecological Vegetation Classes(EVC)found on this ***:permanent sample plots(12×20 m)were randomly established in July 2010 in each of the restoration areas,with 9,10,and 24 plots demarcated in Shallow Sands Woodland(SSW),Heathy Woodland(HW),and Sandstone Ridge Woodlands(SRW),*** plots were prepared to include three seeded *** were assessed for seedling recruitment and survival in May 2010,April 2011,and May *** of individual seedling development included their height and cover,and their location within the ***:Our study shows that interaction between the age of the planted and direct-seeded vegetation and the nature of the EVC significantly affects the composition of plants and the soil surface in that species and,further,that soil cover parameters develop in different ways in the different experimental plots.A SIMpER analysis of soil cover parameters shows that most of the variation over the years of restoration is attributable to differences in the amount of bare soil recorded,rather than the amount of leaf-litter cover,and that these changes in soil cover parameters differ between EVCs over the sampling *** direct-seeding study shows that whilst most of the broadcast species were recruited,some species used in the Shallow Sands Woodland,the Heathy Woodland,and the Sandstone Ridge Shrubland did not show evidence of recruitment during the three sampling *** the density of most seedlings increased in subsequent sampling years,the planted species Callitris gracilis,Callitris rhomboidea,Hakea muelleriana,and Melaleuca lanceolata did not ***

关键词： soil planted seedling

Computation of flow through the oesophagogastric junction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1360-1364页

作者： Barry p McMahon Karl D Odie Kenneth W moloney Hans Gregersen Department of Medical physics and Clinical Engineering Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital Tallaght Dublin 24Ireland IMed Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland Center for Visceral Biomechanics and pain Aalborg Hospital Aalborg DK-9100 DenmarkIMed Centre Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland

Whilst methods exist to indirectly measure the effects of increased flow or gastro-oesophageal refluxing, they cannot quantitatively measure the amount of acid travelling back up into the oesophagus during reflux, nor can they indicate the flow rate through the oesophagogastric junction (OGJ). Since OGJ dysfunction affects flow it seems most appropriate to describe the geometry of the OGJ and its effect on the flow. A device known as the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIp) has been shown to reliably measure the geometry of and pressure changes in the OGJ. FLIp cannot directly measure flow but the data gathered from the probe can be used to model flow through the junction by using computational flow dynamics (CFD). CFD uses a set of equations known as the Navier-Stokes equations to predict flow patterns and is a technique widely used in engineering. These equations are complex and require appropriate assumptions to provide simplifications before useful data can be obtained. With the assumption that the cross-sectional areas obtained via FLIp are circular, the radii of these circles can be obtained. A cubic interpolation scheme can then be applied to give a high-resolution geometry for the OGJ. In the case of modelling a reflux scenario, it can be seen that at the narrowest section a jet of fluid squirts into the oesophagus at a higher velocity than the fluid surrounding it. This jet has a maximum velocity of almost 2 ms-1 that occurs where the OGJ is at its narrowest. This simple prediction of acid ‘squirting’ into the oesophagusillustrates how the use of numerical methods can be used to develop a better understanding of the OGJ. This initial work using CFD shows some considerable promise for the future.

关键词： Computational flow dynamics model Oesophagus

A DIAGONAL SpLIT-CELL MODEL FOR THE OVERLAppING YEE FDTD METHOD

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第6期29卷 1670-1676页

作者： Jinjie Liu Moysey Brio Jerome V. moloney Department of Mathematical Sciences Delaware State University Dover DE 19901 USA Arizona Center for Mathematical Sciences Department of Mathematics University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

In this paper, we present a nonorthogonal overlapping Yee method for solv- ing Maxwell＇s equations using the diagonal split-cell model. When material interface is presented, the diagonal split-cell model does not require permittivity averaging so that better accuracy can be achieved. Our numerical results on optical force computation show that the standard FDTD method converges linearly, while the proposed method achieves quadratic convergence and better accuracy.

关键词： FDTD method Overlapping Yee method Maxwell's equations Optical force

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi pradeepkiran priyanka Rawat Arubala p.Reddy Erika Orlov pHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAp-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule

Speckle filtering of Synthetic Aperture Radar images using filters with object-size-adapted windows

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第7期11卷 703-729页

作者： Sahel Mahdavi Bahram Salehi Cecilia moloney Weimin Huang Brian Brisco C-CORE Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt John’sNLCanada Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNLCanada Canada Center for Mapping and Earth Observation OttawaONCanada

Speckle degrades the radiometric quality of a Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)*** methods for speckle reduction have used a fixedsize window for filtering the entire ***,however,may not be effective for the entire image,as land covers of different sizes require different filtering *** this paper,a novel method is proposed by which each pixel in the image is filtered with a window appropriate for the size of object within *** real in-phase and the imaginary quadrature components of the SAR images determine the best window size and the pixels in the intensity image are filtered using their own optimal *** proposed method is presented for both singleand multi-polarized SAR images,and the results of several common filters that were modified are *** approach is applied to two RADARSAT-2 images:one over San Francisco,California,USA and the other over ***’s,Newfoundland and Labrador,Canada,producing results that were similar to,or outperformed,comparable filters while retaining details and suppressing speckle *** the method was successful for single-look intensity data,it offers great potential for multi-look and amplitude data as well.

关键词： Speckle Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) filters adaptive window size

From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SpAST spastin

Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 16-21页

作者： Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis Stavros p papadakos Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece 2^(nd)Department of Radiology “Attikon”General University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari 12462Greece Department of Gastroenterology Laiko General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human *** its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and *** this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical *** authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and *** addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+***,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

关键词： Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Clinical practice Research Glomerular filtration rate Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Medicine