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Targeted genotyping for the prediction of celiac disease autoimmunity development in patients with type 1 diabetes and their family members

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第3期10卷 189-199页

作者： maureen m Leonard Stephanie Camhi Victoria kenyon Rebecca A Betensky Craig Sturgeon Shu Yan Alessio Fasano mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02115 United States Center for Celiac Research and Treatment Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02115 United States Department of pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Mass General Hospital for Children Boston MA 02114 United States Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA 02115 United States

BACKGROUND patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their first-degree relatives (FDRs) have an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) compared to the general population. This is largely explained by the shared association with major histocompatibility class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 and/or DQ8 between the two disease states. AIm To describe the frequency of CD autoimmunity (CDA) and the distribution of HLA and haptoglobin genotypes in patients with T1D and their FDRs. Additionally, we aimed at identifying predictors associated with an increased risk of developing CDA in patients with T1D and their family members. mETHODS We obtained clinical information and blood samples from 1027 participants (302 with T1D and 725 FDRs) over a five-year period. Samples were tested for autoantibodies associated with CD, HLA-DQ alleles, and haptoglobin *** fit univariate and multiple logistic regression models for CDA separately for subjects with T1D and for FDRs of subjects with T1D. RESULTS Implementation of a screening program increased the frequency of CDA by 2- fold in participants with T1D and 2.8-fold in their FDRs. multivariate analysis found that, in participants with T1D, having both DR7-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 was associated with an increased frequency of CDA. In FDRs of T1D patients, reported CD in the family was associated with an increased frequency of CDA during screening. Haptoglobin 2 genotype was not associated with developing CDA in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION patients with T1D and their FDRs have a high frequency of CDA. Carrying both DR7-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 was associated with development of CDA in patients with T1D.

关键词： Screening Gluten Diabetic Coeliac Haptoglobin Human leukocyte antigen

Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 135-147页

作者： Leslie A.Simms Eva Borras Bradley S.Chew Bruno matsui mitchell m.mcCartney Stephen K.Robinson Nicholas kenyon Cristina E.Davis Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields Avenue2132 Bainer HallDavisCA 95616USA Institute for Space Research University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Department of Internal medicine University of CaliforniaDavis4150V StreetSuite 3400SacramentoCA 95817USA VA Northern California Health Care System 10535 Hospital WayMatherCA 95655USA

Trace analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during wildfires is imperative for environmental and health risk assessment. The use of gas sampling devices mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) to chemically sample air during wildfires is of great interest because these devices move freely about their environment, allowing for more representative air samples and the ability to sample areas dangerous or unreachable by humans. This work presents chemical data from air samples obtained in Davis, CA during the most destructive wildfire in California's history-the 2018 Camp Fire – as well as the deployment of our sampling device during a controlled experimental fire while fixed to a UAV. The sampling mechanism was an in-house manufactured micro-gas preconcentrator(μpC) embedded onto a compact battery-operated sampler that was returned to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Compounds commonly observed in wildfires were detected during the Camp Fire using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–mS), including BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene), benzaldehyde, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene. Concentrations of BTEX were calculated and we observed that benzene and toluene were highest with average concentrations of 4.7 and 15.1 μg/m^(3), respectively. Numerous fire-related compounds including BTEX and aldehydes such as octanal and nonanal were detected upon experimental fire ignition, even at a much smaller sampling time compared to samples taken during the Camp Fire. Analysis of the air samples taken both stationary during the Camp Fire and mobile during an experimental fire show the successful operation of our sampler in a fire environment.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Wildfire 2018 Camp Fire micro preconcentrators Environmental sampling mobile VOC sampling

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智囊与公牛

智囊与公牛

Southward surface flow in the central South pacific

作者： m.·凯尼恩(m. kenyon)原

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Natural Science 2012年第11期4卷 819-824页

作者： Kern E. kenyon 4632 North Lane Del Mar USA

A large-scale surface flow with a southward component is proposed for the central South pacific Ocean based on an interpretation of existing closely spaced and accurately measured temperatures and salinities along two latitudes in two different southern hemisphere winters: 28o S (Scorpio) and five degrees south of that (WOCE). Such a southward flow is not predicted from theory nor is it shown on current charts and globes. The observed longitudinal maximum in surface temperature along 28o S is centered around 130o W and has an amplitude of at least 5o C and an east/west range of about 60o of longitude. This striking feature is most easily explained by horizontal transport from latitudes closer to the equator. Since temperature atlases show that equatorial surface temperatures are always highest in the west, the origin of the warm water probably is toward the western side of the ocean as well. Thus the surface flow surrounding the longitudinal temperature maximum should be directed to the southeast. Where the surface temperatures are maximum the mixed layer depths are relatively large in a convex downward lens with maximum depths of 100 m;a correlation that is consistent with warm water moving south and being cooled from above. Salinities are maximum near the temperature maximum, also suggesting that the source of the surface flow is at low latitudes, where evaporation is usually expected to exceed precipitation. It is conjectured that the large-scale southeastward flow of the South pacific is the analogue of the northeastward wide warm current off California documented over 30 years ago.

关键词： Southward Surface Flow Central South pacific

Northwest Atlantic Ocean’s SSTs

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Natural Science 2020年第6期12卷 317-319页

作者： Kern E. kenyon 4632 North Lane Del Mar USA

In the southwestern North Atlantic Ocean, the area between the 80F isotherm and the equator, and between 30W longitude and the western most land boundary, is compiled for each month from a world atlas of sea surface ... 详细信息

p class="msoNormal"> In the southwestern North Atlantic Oceanpan>, the area between the 80F isotherm and the equator, and between 30W longitude and the western most land boundary, is compiled for each month from a world atlas of sea surface temperatures. Between February and March,pan style="font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;orphans:2;text-align:start;widows:2;-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px;text-decoration-style:initial;text-decoration-color:initial;word-spacing:0px;"> the area starts to increase from 100 units until a maximum of over 1000 units is reached in August, after which the area decreases. One unit equals one latitude/longitude square. While increasing by swelling to the north, the temperature inside the area essentially does not increase, in spite of the self-evident fact that absorption of solar heat increases the whole time in the top 100 m of the water column. It is proposed that sea level rises by thermal expansion, starting at the equator, producing a northward slope in sea lev

关键词： North Atlantic Heat Balance

phylogeny,ecology and taxonomy of systemic pathogens and their relatives in Ajellomycetaceae(Onygenales):Blastomyces,Emergomyces,Emmonsia,Emmonsiellopsis

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第3期90卷 245-291页

作者： Yanping Jiang Karolina Dukik Jose F.munoz Lynne Sigler Ilan S.Schwartz Nelesh p.Govender Chris kenyon peiying Feng Bert Gerrits van den Ende J.Benjamin Stielow Alberto m.Stchigel Hongguang Lu Sybren de Hoog Department of Dermatology The Affiliated HospitalGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute UtrechtThe Netherlands Center of Expertise in mycology of RadboudUmC/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital NijmegenThe Netherlands Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Broad Institute of mIT and Harvard CambridgeMAUSA and Biological Sciences EdmontonABCanada Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Global Health Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium A Division of the National Health Laboratory ServiceJohannesburgSouth Africa Sexually Transmitted Infection Unit Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Thermo Fisher Scientific LandsmeerThe Netherlands mycology Unit and IISpV University Rovira i VirgiliReusTarragonaSpain

The family Ajellomycetaceae(Onygenales)includes mammal-associated pathogens within the genera Blastomyces,Emmonsia,Histoplasma and paracoccidioides,as well as the recently described genera,Emergomyces that causes disease in immunocompromised hosts,and Emmonsiellopsis,known only from *** further assess the phylogenetic relationships among and between members of these genera and several previously undescribed species,we sequenced and analyzed the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II(rpB2),translation elongation factor 3-a(TEF3),b-tubulin(TUB2),28S large subunit rDNA(LSU)and the internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS)in 68 strains,in addition to morphological and physiological *** better understand the thermal dimorphism among these fungi,the dynamic process of transformation from mycelial to yeast-like or adiaspore-like forms was also assessed over a range of temperatures(6–42C).molecular data resolved the relationships and recognized five major well-supported lineages that correspond largely to the genus ***,typified by Emmonsia parva,is a synonym of Blastomyces that also accommodates Blastomyces helicus(formerly Emmonsia helica).Emmonsia crescens is phylogenetically distinct,and found closely related to a single strain from soil without known *** silverae,Emergomyces canadensis,Emergomyces europaeus and Emmonsia sola are newly *** all of the taxa are associated with human and animal *** crescens,*** and *** are prevalently associated with pulmonary disease in humans or *** helicus,***,Emergomyces africanus,***,***,*** and ***(formerly Emmonsia pasteuriana)are predominantly found in human hosts with immune disorders;no animal hosts are known for these species except ***.

关键词： Ajellomycetaceae Onygenales phylogeny Ecology Thermal dimorphism Systemic infection Taxonomy

Henderson Island’s plastic: An Explanation

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Natural Science 2017年第6期9卷 159-161页

作者： Kern E. kenyon 4632 North Lane Del Mar USA

plastic has been accumulating on the beaches of Henderson Island in vast quantities according to recent news reports. It is proposed that the plastic is brought to the island by a very broad permanent surface current flowing southeastward past the island. Other characteristics of the flow are that its temperature is relatively high, its depth is shallow (about 100 m), its speed is sluggish (10 - 20 cm/sec), and by broad is meant more than 5000 km along 28 S. Henderson Island is located at the east/west midpoint of this wide warm current (130 W). By knowing more definitely where the plastic is coming from, than the vague suggestions provided by the news sources, it may be possible in the future to slow down or stop the piling up of trash on what were pristine beaches of this World Heritage Site.

关键词： Henderson Island plastic New Explanation proposed

South Atlantic’s Surface Circulation: A Note

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Natural Science 2018年第12期10卷 449-451页

作者： Kern E. kenyon 4632 North Lane Del Mar CA USA

SSTs of the South Atlantic suggest there is a side by side surface circulation with north-ward cold water to the east and southward warm water to the west. Then logic predicts that both currents should be stronger in the southern hemisphere summer than in winter in order to maintain the heat balance, because the upper 100 m of the water column absorbs more solar energy in summer, especially at lower latitudes. This prediction is confirmed by the seasonal variation of the deflection angle of the sea surface isotherms in the middle of the ocean, measured counterclockwise from the east, which are highest in summer and lowest in winter. It is assumed that the stronger the north/south component of a current is, the greater the deflection is of the isotherm from constant latitude.

关键词： South Atlantic Ocean Surface Circulation Stronger Summer Currents

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开关电源的RLC损耗

电子产品世界 2003年第06A期10卷 60-61,67页

作者： Roger m.kenyon maxim公司