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An Experimental Description of the Flow in a Centrifugal Compressor from Alternate Stall to Surge

Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第4期26卷 289-296页

作者： V.Moenne-Loccoz I.Trebinjac E.Benichou S.Goguey B.paoletti p.laucher Safran Helieopter Engines Av.Joseph Szydlowsky 64511 BordesFrance Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique UMR CNRS 5509Ecole Centrale de LyonUCBLyonINSA36 av.Guy de Collongue69134 Ecully CedexFrance FRATECH Rp S.A.S Seconded to BELGATECH Engineering ServicosSP Woluwe Gate Boulevard de la Woluwe-laan21150 BrusselsBelgium

The present paper gives the experimental results obtained in a centrifugal compressor stage designed and built by SAFRAN Helicopter Engines. The compressor is composed of inlet guide vanes, a backswept splittered un- shrouded impeller, a splittered vaned radial diffuser and axial outlet guide vanes. previous numerical simulations revealed a particular S-shape pressure rise characteristic at partial rotation speed and predicted an alternate flow pattern in the vaned radial diffuser at low mass flow rate. This alternate flow pattern involves two adjacent vane passages. One passage exhibits very low momentum and a low pressure recovery, whereas the adjacent passage has very high momentum in the passage inlet and diffuses efficiently. Experimental measurements confirm the S-shape of the pressure rise characteristic even if the stability limit experimentally occurs at higher mass flow than numerically predicted. At low mass flow the alternate stall pattern is confirmed thanks to the data obtained by high-frequency pressure sensors. As the compressor is throttled the path to instability has been registered and a f＇wst scenario of the surge inception is given. The compressor first experiences a steady alternate stall in the dif- fuser. As the mass flow decreases, the alternate stall amplifies and triggers the mild surge in the vaned diffuser. An unsteady behavior results from the interaction of the alternate stall and the mild surge. Finally, when the pres- sure gradient becomes too strong, the alternate stall blows away and the compressor enters into deep surge.

关键词： centrifugal compressor alternate stall mild surge deep surge

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