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The endemic patagonian vespertilionid assemblage is a depauperate ecomorphological vicariant of species-rich neotropical assemblages

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 495-505页

作者： Analia l. GIMENEZ Norberto p, GIANNINI Centro de Investigacion Esquel de Montafia y Estepa patagonicas (CIEMEp CONICET-UNPSJB) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evoluci6n y Biodiversidad (LIEB) Roca 780 Esquel Chubut CP 9200 Argentina Unidad Ejecutora lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CONICET) Fundacion Miguel Lillo Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo Universidad Nacional de Tucuman San Miguel de Tucuman Tucuman Argentina

Vespertilionidae is the most diverse chiropteran family, and its diversity is concentrated in warmregions of the World; however, due to physiological and behavioral adaptations, these bats alsodominate bat faunas in temperate regions. Here we performed a comparative study of vespertili-onid assemblages from two broad regions of the New World, the cold and harsh patagonia, versusthe remaining temperate-to-subtropical, extra-patagonian eco-regions of the South AmericanSouthern Cone. We took an ecomorphological approach and analyzed the craniodental morpho-logical structure of these assemblages within a phylogenetic framework. We measured 17 cranio-dental linear variables from 447 specimens of 22 currently recognized vespertilionid species of thestudy regions. We performed a multivariate analysis to define the morphofunctional space, andcalculated the pattern and degree of species packing for each assemblage. We assessed the im-portance of phylogeny and biogeography, and their impact on depauperate （patagonian） versusrich （extra-patagonian） vespertilionid assemblages as determinants of morphospace *** implemented a sensitivity analysis associated to small samples of rare species. The morpho-logical patterns were determined chiefly by the evolutionary history of the family. The patagonianassemblage can be described as a structurally similar but comparatively depauperate ecomorpho-logical version of those assemblages from neighboring extra-patagonian eco-regions. Thepatagonian assemblage seems to have formed by successively adding populations from Northernregions that eventually speciated in the region, leaving corresponding sisters （vicariants） in extra-patagonian eco-regions that continued to be characteristically richer. Despite being structurallyakin, degree of species packing in patagonia was comparatively very low, which may reflect the ef-fect of limited dispersal success into a harsh region for bat survival.

关键词： Vespertilionidae, patagonia, morphological space, biogeography, phylogeny.

The Influence of Systematic Errors on the Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2000年第4期17卷 576-586页

作者： p. l. S. Rao IBM India Research laboratory Indian Institute of Technology

The systematic errors of wind field associated with the prediction of Asian summer monsoon and their impact on the monsoon circulation have been studied in this paper. The daily operational analyses and fore-casts (up to day-5) of the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), India, over the Asian summer monsoon domain for the period June, July and August of 1995 are made use for the purpose. The systematic errors associated with the low level flow delineate, reduction in the strength of trade winds leading to weakening of cross equatorial flow as well as westerly flow over Indian Ocean. The upper level errors connote weakening of Tibetan anticyclone and reduction in the strength of return flow into the Southern Hemisphere. Further, these errors evince growing tendency with increase in the forecast period. Apart from the general underestimation of kinetic energy budget terms, the model forecasts fail to represent the transient eddies. The forecasts show increasing trend in the conversion of eddy to mean kinetic energy. These errors enfeeble Asian summer monsoon circulation with increase in the forecast period. Key words Monsoon - Systematic errors - Kinetic energy budget The author is grateful to the NCMRWF for providing data and computing facilities to carry out the present study.

关键词： Monsoon Systematic errors Kinetic energy budget

landau–Stanyukovich Rule and the Similarity parameter of Converging Shock Waves in Magnetogasdynamics

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Chinese physics letters 2011年第9期28卷 170-173页

作者： Mithilesh Singh l.p.Singh Akmal Husain Department of Mathematics Dehradun Institute of TechnologyDehradunIndia Department of Applied Mathematics Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityIndia

Second-kind self-similar solutions to a problem of converging cylindrical shock waves in magnetogasdynamics are *** trial functions suggested by Chisnell and the shooting method of landau–Stanyukovich are used to determine the similarity exponent for different values of specific heat ratioγand the parameter k,where kın(0,1].Detailed analyses of flow patterns for different values of adiabatic heat exponent and magnetic field strength are carried *** is observed that the general behavior of the velocity and density profiles is not affected in a magnetogasdynamics regime whereas there is an increase in the absolute value of the flow parameters with an increase in the magnetic field ***,the pressure profiles are greatly affected by the magnetic field interaction.

关键词： interaction landau dynamics

Coercivity mechanisms in nanostructured permanent magnets

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Chinese physics B 2019年第7期28卷 1-13页

作者： G p Zhao l Zhao l C Shen J Zou l Qiu College of physics and Electronic Engineering & Institute of Solid State physics Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610066 China State Key luboratory of Metastablc Materials Science and Technology Yunshnn University.Qinhuangdao 066004China Collaborative Innovation Center for Shunxi Advanced permanent Materials and Technology Lint'en 041004 China

Coercivity mechanism in permanent magnets has been debated for many *** this paper, various models of the coercivity mechanism are classified and re-examined by the comparison and *** rotation and curling models can reveal the underlying reversal mechanism clearly based on isolated grains with elliptic *** contrast, the numerical methods consider inter-grain interactions while simulating the evolution of the spins and hysteresis loops with complicated ***, an exact simulation of magnetic reversal in permanent nanomagnets requires many meshes to mimic the thin domain wall *** and pinning are the two main coercivity mechanisms in permanent *** former signifies the beginning of the magnetic reversal, whilst the latter completes ***, it is proposed that the large difference between the intrinsic magnetic properties of the nucleation centers and those of the main phase can result in a large pinning field(self-pinning), which has the attributes of both traditional nucleation and *** a pinning explains the experimental data of permanent magnets very well, including the enhancement of the coercivity by the grain boundary pinning.

关键词： coercivity mechanism permanent nanomagnets self-pinning

ATp translocation and chloroplast biology

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1073-1076页

作者： Chia p.Voon Boon l.lim School of Biological Sciences University of Hong Kong

By studying changes in ATp levels in the plastids and cytosol of live plants using a Mg ATp2-specific F?rster resonance energy transfer（FRET）-based sensor, the entry of cytosolic ATp to the mature chloroplasts of Ar... 详细信息

关键词： ATp translocation and chloroplast biology

The application of Fourier transform mid-infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy to identify variation in cell wall composition of Setaria italica ecotypes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第6期16卷 1256-1267页

作者： Christopher Brown Antony p.Martin Christopher p.l.Grof Centre for plant Science School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle 2308 Australia light Sheet Microscopy Unit Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle 2305 Australia

Cell wall composition in monocotyledonous grasses has been identified as a key area of research for developing better feedstocks for forage and biofuel *** viridis and its close domesticated relative Setaria italica have been chosen as suitable monocotyledonous models for plants possessing the C4 pathway of photosynthesis including sorghum,maize,sugarcane,switchgrass and Miscanthus×*** partial least squares regression（plSR）models to predict *** stem composition have been generated,based upon Fourier transform mid-infrared（FTIR）spectra and calibrated with wet chemistry determinations of ground *** stem material measured using a modified version of the US National Renewable Energy laboratory（NREl）acid hydrolysis *** models facilitated a high-throughput screening analysis for glucan,xylan,Klason lignin and acid soluble lignin（ASl）in a collection of 183 natural *** variants and clustered them into classes,some possessing unique *** predictive models provide a highly efficient screening tool for large scale breeding programs aimed at identifying lines or mutants possessing unique cell wall *** encoding key catalytic enzymes of the lignin biosynthesis pathway exhibit a high level of conservation with matching expression profiles,measured by RT-q pCR,among accessions of ***,which closely mirror profiles observed in the different developmental regions of an elongating internode of *** by RNASeq.

关键词： monocotyledonous C4 grasses lignin biosynthesis Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy Setaria italica

Operation Strategies for Coordinating Battery Energy Storage with Wind power Generation and Their Effects on System Reliability

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第1期9卷 190-198页

作者： Thais p.Teixeira Carmen l.T.Borges the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The variability of wind power generation requires the allocation of a flexible energy reserve which is capable of compensating for possible imbalances between the load and generation. To reduce the variability of wind power generation and loss of load in generation deficit, we propose operation strategies for coordinating battery energy storage with wind power generation. The effects of the operation strategies on system reliability are evaluated by the developed computation model that represents the main aspects and operation limitations of the batteries. The performance evaluation of the power system is based on the composite reliability indices of loss of load probability(lOlp) and expected energy not supplied(EENS), which is calculated through sequential Monte Carlo simulation. Tests are performed by the developed model with a tutorial system consisting of five busbars and the IEEE RTS system. The results show that the use of large-scale batteries is an alternative to physically guarantee the wind power plants and to act as an operation reserve to reduce the risk of loss of load.

关键词： Energy storage wind power generation power system reliability Monte Carlo simulation

Volumetric changes in the focal areas of seismic events corresponding to destress blasting

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第4期29卷 541-547页

作者： p.Konicek J.Schreiber l.Nazarova Department of Geomechanics and Mining Research Institute of Geonics of the Czech Academy of SciencesOstrava 70800Czech Republic laboratory of Mining Informatics Chinakal Institute of Mining of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceNovosibirsk 630091Russia

The typical development of total volumetric change in the focal areas of seismic events,corresponding to destress blasting,is characterized as an explosive phase followed by an implosive phase and with alternating additional phases following on from *** a few cases,a non-typical development of volumetric change was identified,where the first phase was implosive and the second phase,*** development is mainly typical for induced seismic events recorded during mining,not for destress *** events were recorded during longwall mining in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin,where the destress blasting technique is used as a rockburst prevention active *** source processes in the focal areas of selected seismic events were analyzed by the seismic moment tensor inversion method,as well as by studying geomechanical rock mass conditions at the localities of the seismic *** main goal of the analysis was to attempt to identify the reasons for non-typical development of volumetric changes in these *** changes were analyzed for seismic events with energy greater than 104 J,recorded in the period of time from 1993 to 2009(1109 events).80%(891)of the recorded seismic events were induced seismic events that were registered during longwall mining and 20%(218)corresponded to destress blasting *** shows that the main reason for the non-typical development of volumetric changes in the focal areas of seismic events is an association with destress blasting in the rock mass,which is very close to rock mass *** detonation of explosives in boreholes,which would dominate the first phase of volumetric changes,probably obscured stress release in the rock mass,as manifested in the first implosion phase of the volumetric changes in this case.

关键词： Destress blasting Seismic event Volumetric changes Stress release

Development and Electrochemical Studies of Ruthenium Based Mixed Oxide Catalyst Electrodes for Chlorine Evolution

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第2期18卷 133-138页

作者： l.X.Yang J.p.G.Farr Department of Chemical and processing Engineering University of Newcastle Merz CourtNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RU School of Metallurgy and Materials The University of Birmingham EdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Experimental results are presented which allow comparison of the electrochemical performance of RuO 2/Ti, Ru 0 3 Sn 0 7 O 2/Ti and Ru 0 3 V 0 7 O 2/Ti catalysts prepared on a titanium substrate by thermal decomposition from respective precursors. The highest activity for chlorine evolution is observed on the Ru 0 3 V 0 7 O 2/Ti electrode, lower on Ru 0 3 Sn 0 7 O 2/Ti and least on RuO 2/Ti. Voltammograms obtained in the polarisable region are used to characterize the different electrodes. Further more an analysis of the catalytic activity and reaction kinetics of the developed electrodes in NaCl are presented.

关键词： Catalyst Cl_(2) evolution Ruthenium oxide