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Segmented trust assessment in autonomous vehicles via eye-tracking

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第2期7卷 151-161页

作者： Miklós Lukovics Szabolcs prónay Barbara Nagy Faculty of Economics and Business Administration University of SzegedSzeged H-6726Hungary

previous studies have identified trust as one of the key factors in the technology acceptance of autonomousvehicles. As these studies mostly investigated the population in general, little is known about segment-specific ***, the widely used survey methods are less able to capture the deeper forms of trust—which neuroscientificmethods are much better suited to capture. The main objective of our research is to study trust as one of the key factors oftechnology acceptance related to autonomous vehicles by using neuroscientific methods for specific consumer ***-time eye-tracking tests were applied to a sample of 113 participants, combined with a posttest self-report. The testswere carried out under laboratory conditions during which our subjects watched videos recorded with the internal camerasof autonomous vehicles. Based on the fixation count, total fixation duration, and pupil dilation, we empirically verified thatthe trust level of all five identified segments is relatively low, while the trust level of the “traditional rejecting” segment is thelowest. An increase in trust level can be shown if the subjects receive extra information about the journey. Anotherimportant finding is that the self-reported trust level is not always congruent with the eye-tracking analysis results;therefore,combined approaches can lead to greater measurement validity.

关键词： autonomous vehicles(AVs) technology acceptance trust eye-tracking

(Bio)electrochemistry for the environment,ready for ignition?

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Xiaofei Wang kun Guo korneel Rabaey Antonin prévoteau Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology Ghent UniversityBelgium CAPTUREFrieda Saeysstraat 19000 GhentBelgium Department of Chemical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina Department of Biotechnology Ghent UniversityBelgium CAPTUREFrieda Saeysstraat 19000 GhentBelgium

We are facing multiple environmental challenges and a degrading ecosystem due to ever-increasing anthropogenic activities and the release of unwanted chemicals into the *** pollutants remain in the environment due to a lack of an appropriate electron donor or *** processes can provide this need through the supply and uptake of electrons in a very versatile and environmentally compatible *** two decades,we know that bacteria can also perform the role of electrocatalysts,coupling electrons to complex *** the framework of the electrification of the world,electrochemistry stands up as one of the most relevant and rapidly growing vectors to make use of renewable energy sources to carry on useful,“chemical-free”*** such,a diversity of new concepts involving electrodes have been developed and proposed for environmental remediation,waste treatment,resource recovery(water,metals,nutrients,electric power),environmental sensing,and sustainable production of commodity chemicals.

关键词： versatile carry chemicals

The g-factor measurement as an ultimate test for nuclear chirality

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 1-10页

作者： Ernest Grodner Michał kowalczyk Julian Srebrny Leszek próchniak Chrystian Droste Jan kownacki Maciej kisieliński krzysztof Starosta Takeshi koike National Centre for Nuclear Research 05-540ŚwierkPoland Heavy Ion Laboratory University of WarsawPasteura 5a02-093 WarsawPoland Faculty of physics University of WarsawPasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive BurnabyB.C.Canada V5A 1S6 Department of physics Tohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan

We present results of a series of experiments aimed at finding the most direct fingerprints of a phenomenon of nuclear chirality. These experiments brought a detailed knowledge of the so called partner bands in 132La, 128Cs and 126Cs including absolute values of E2 and M1 transition probabilities obtained through the DSA (Doppler Shift Attenuation) method. Considering the indirect character of observables such as energies and transition rates we proposed measurement of the g-factor of a chosen state as a direct, ultimate test of chirality. Our experiment on the bandhead of partner bands in 128Cs showed feasibility of this approach. Measured value of the g-factor which suggests non-chiral character of this state leads to another puzzle in the chirality studies — how the chirality emerges with increasing spin of levels along a partner band.

关键词： nuclear chirality electromagnetic transitions electromagnetic moments level lifetimes

Self-healable and Robust Film Based on Electroactive polymer Brush as Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitor

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1049-1059页

作者： Maria p.Sokolova Vitaly k.Vorobiov Nikolay N.Smirnov Ivan S.kuryndin Natalya V.Bobrova Michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

The aim of this study was to develop self-healable and robust elect roconductive film based on polyaniline copolymer for application as electrode in flexible *** this purpose,the electroconductive polymer brushes(EpB)was *** synthesis of EpB is based on graft polymerizations of acrylamide(AAm)on poly(vinyl alcohol)(pVA)with formation of pVA-pAAm polymer brush and subsequent graft copolymerization of aniline and p-phenylenediamine on pVA-pAAm resulting in formation of EpB with electroconducting copoly(aniline-co-pphenylenediamine)(pAph DA).It was found that the ratio between pVA and pAAm at the first stage greatly influence the electrochemical performance of the *** films were prepared by casting of EpB solution with subsequent *** of electrical current distribution through the film with AFM reveal more uniform distribution of pAphDA in EpB in comparison with reference pVA-pAphDA and pAAm-pAphDA *** was demonstrated that mechanical cha racteristics and electrical conductivity values of films restore at large extent after curring and self-healing under optimal relative humidity level(58%).The flexile supercapacitor cell with EpB film electrodes demon strate specific capacitance 602 mF·cm^(-2)at the current density of 1 mA·cm^(-2)and retention 94%of initial capacitance after 5000 charge/discharge cycles.

关键词： polymer brush polyaniline Flexible supercapacitor Self-healing Electroconducting film

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell kaczmarek Antje körner kerstin krause kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GpCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GpCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GpCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LpHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LpHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,magnetic,optical and thermodynamic properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=pr,Sm)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.Masrour M.Hamedoun J.kharbach A.Rezzouk A.Hourmatallah N.Benzakour k.Bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=pr and Sm)using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated formation energies of pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom,respectively,showing that these alloys may exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the compounds tested are magnetic metals,and their magnetism is mostly related to the contribution of pr and Sm *** total magnetic moments of pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** parameters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye temperature,lattice volume,compressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen parameter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm and studied in depth over a large temperature range of 0-900 *** Debye temperature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye temperatures calculated at p=0 Gpa and T=300 k are equal to be 342 and 322 k for pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and imaginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in more depth.

关键词： Magnetic metals Functional density theory Density of states Magnetic moment Optical and thermodynamic properties Rare earths

Heating of nanoparticles and their environment by laser radiation and applications

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Nanotechnology and precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 78-115页

作者： Victor k.pustovalov Belarusian National Technical University Pr.Independency65Minsk 220013Belarus

This review considers the fundamental dynamic processes involved in the laser heating of metal nanoparticles and their subsequent *** particular interest are the absorption of laser energy by nanoparticles,the heating of a single nanoparticle or an ensemble thereof,and the dissipation of the energy of nanoparticles due to heat exchange with the *** goal is to consider the dependences and values of the temperatures of the nanoparticles and the environment,their time scales,and other parameters that describe these *** results and analytical studies on the heating of single metal nanoparticles by laser pulses are discussed,including the laser thresholds for initiating subsequent photothermal processes,how temperature inﬂuences the optical properties,and the heating of gold nanoparticles by laser *** studies of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the results of an analytical study of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the environment by laser radiation are *** methods for nanoparticles under laser heating are considered,including changes in the refractive indices of metals and spectral thermometry of optical scattering of nanoparticles,Raman spectroscopy,the thermal distortion of the refractive index of an environment heated by a nanoparticle,and thermochemical phase transitions in lipid bilayers surrounding a heated *** the sequence of events after radiation absorption and their time scales underlies many applications of *** applicationﬁelds for the laser heating of nanoparticles are reviewed,including thermochemical reactions and selective nanophotothermolysis initiated in the environment by laser-heated nanoparticles,thermal radiation emission by nanoparticles and laser-induced incandescence,electron and ion emission of heated nanoparticles,and optothermal chemical *** of the laser heating of nanoparticles in la

关键词： Nanoparticles Laser Heating Modeling Nanothermometry Applications

Rising tide: The global surge of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents demands action now

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 797-809页

作者： Joseph M pappachan Cornelius James Fernandez Ambika p Ashraf Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Division of pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States

Childhood-onset obesity has emerged as a major public healthcare challenge across the globe,fueled by an obesogenic environment and influenced by both genetic and epigenetic *** has led to an exponential rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and *** looming wave of diabetes-related complications in early adulthood is anticipated to strain the healthcare budgets in most *** there is a collective global effort to curb the devastation caused by the situation,the impact is poised to be pro-found.A multifaceted research effort,governmental legislation,and effective social action are crucial in attaining this *** article delves into the current epidemiological landscape,explores evidence concerning potential risks and consequences,delves into the pathobiology of childhood obesity,and discusses the latest evidence-based management strategies for diabesity.

关键词： Childhood obesity Diabesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adolescence Cardiovascular disease pharmacotherapy

Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Modified by poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta V.Batishcheva Nikolay N.Smirnov Natalya V.Bobrova Maria p.Sokolova Michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. The maximal ionic conductivity of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative humidity) when they are saturated with water or H_2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with electrodes based on polyaniline hydrogel. The assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achieved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycles proves high electrochemical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity porous membrane Supercapacitor